{"id":1988,"date":"2016-06-02T12:26:45","date_gmt":"2016-06-02T09:26:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/?p=1988"},"modified":"2023-05-07T20:28:20","modified_gmt":"2023-05-07T17:28:20","slug":"ortakligin-giderilmesi-davasi-izale-i-suyu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/ortakligin-giderilmesi-davasi-izale-i-suyu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Giderilmesi Davas\u0131 – \u0130ZALE-\u0130 \u015e\u00dcYU"},"content":{"rendered":"
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TOPLULUK M\u00dcLK\u0130YET\u0130<\/span><\/h5>\n
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\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/strong>1-) PAYLI M\u00dcLK\u0130YET:<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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A-) Tan\u0131m :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018\u2018M.K md.688: Payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyette birden \u00e7ok kimse, maddi olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olmayan bir \u015feyin tamam\u0131na belli paylarla maliktir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc belirtilmedik\u00e7e, paylar e\u015fit say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015flardan her biri kendi pay\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan malik hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerine sahip olur. Pay, devredilebilir, rehnedilebilir ve alacakl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan haczettirilebilir.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n

Medeni Kanunumuz \u2018\u2018maddi olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olmayan bir \u015feyin\u2019\u2019 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilerek ayni hak konusu objelerin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmemi\u015f olmas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilmi\u015ftir. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, yaln\u0131zca m\u00fclkiyet konusu \u015feyin de\u011fil; m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n da b\u00f6l\u00fcnemeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyette b\u00f6l\u00fcnen, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finden(hukuki kapsam\u0131ndan) do\u011fan yetki ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerdir.<\/p>\n

1-\u00a0<\/strong>Payda\u015f pay\u0131n\u0131 tamamen veya k\u0131smen ba\u015fkas\u0131na devredebilir. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyeti, elbirli\u011fi m\u00fclkiyetinden ay\u0131ran \u00f6zelliklerden biridir.Yasa sadece di\u011fer payda\u015flara, pay\u0131n sat\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda \u00f6nal\u0131m hakk\u0131 vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2-\u00a0<\/strong>Payda\u015f pay\u0131n\u0131 rehnedebilir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz s\u00f6z konusuysa ipotek kurar. 3.Ki\u015finin borcu i\u00e7in de rehin kurulmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

3-\u00a0<\/strong>Payda\u015f pay\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u2018\u2018intifa hakk\u0131\u2019\u2019 kurabilir. \u0130ntifa hakk\u0131 t\u00fcm e\u015fya \u00fczerinde kurulmaz, sadece payda\u015f\u0131n pay\u0131 \u00fczerinde kurulur. Ancak intifa hakk\u0131 sahibi hakk\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcne dokunamaz. Mesela intifa hakk\u0131 sahibi pay\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131na devredemez, rehin hakk\u0131 kuramaz, intifa hakk\u0131 kuramaz.<\/p>\n

4-<\/strong> Payda\u015f pay\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u2018\u2018ta\u015f\u0131nmaz y\u00fck\u00fc\u2019\u2019 kurabilir. Payda\u015f\u0131n pay\u0131 \u00fczerinde yapabilecekleri bunlardan ibarettir.<\/p>\n

Mesela payda\u015f pay\u0131 \u00fczerinde intifa hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir irtifak hakk\u0131 kuramaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc maddi olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f bir mal s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyette, payda\u015flardan her biri, kendi pay\u0131 \u00fczerinde diledi\u011fi gibi tasarruf hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Ancak sat\u0131\u015f an\u0131nda, di\u011fer payda\u015flar\u0131n\u00a0 \u00f6nal\u0131m(\u015fufa) haklar\u0131 sakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet birli\u011finde payda\u015flardan biri pay\u0131n\u0131, payda\u015f olmayan 3. bir ki\u015fiye satarsa, di\u011fer payda\u015flar yasan\u0131n kendilerine verdi\u011fi \u00f6nal\u0131m hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilirler. Bu durumda payda\u015flar 3.ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 pay\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 durumundad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

\u201cPayda\u015flar aras\u0131nda ecrimisil ad\u0131 verilebilecek bir i\u015fgal tazminat\u0131na h\u00fckmolunabilmesi i\u00e7in bu payda\u015f\u0131n di\u011ferleri taraf\u0131ndan fiilen m\u00fc\u015fterek maldan istifadesinin men edilmesi gerekir.\u2019\u2019(3.HD.17.06.1950,455E.)<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2018\u2018M\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyette bir payda\u015f\u0131n 3. \u015fah\u0131s aleyhine<\/span> a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 elatman\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi davas\u0131nda iddian\u0131n kabul\u00fc halinde ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc hakk\u0131nda karar vermek gerekir.\u2019\u2019 (HGK.16.11.1960T. 1-63 E,K)<\/em><\/p>\n

B-) Sona Ermesi : (<\/strong>\u00a0Taksim Davas\u0131 )<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM.K. md.698: Hukuki bir i\u015flem gere\u011fince veya payl\u0131 mal\u0131n s\u00fcrekli bir amaca \u00f6zg\u00fclenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 sebebiyle payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyeti devam ettirme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a, payda\u015flardan her biri mal\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir.<\/p>\n

Payla\u015fmay\u0131 isteme hakk\u0131, hukuki bir i\u015flemle en \u00e7ok 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyetin devama ili\u015fkin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, resmi \u015fekle ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve tapu k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne \u015ferh verilebilir.<\/p>\n

Uygun olmayan zamanlarda payla\u015fma isteminde bulunulamaz.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n

Payla\u015fma bi\u00e7imi mal\u0131n aynen b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesi veya pazarl\u0131k ya da art\u0131rmayla sat\u0131larak bedelinin b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesi \u015fekillerinde olur.<\/p>\n

Payla\u015fma bi\u00e7iminde uyu\u015fma sa\u011flanamazsa, payda\u015flardan birinin istemi \u00fczerine hakim, mal\u0131n aynen b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, b\u00f6l\u00fcnen par\u00e7alar\u0131n de\u011ferlerinin birbirine denk d\u00fc\u015fmemesi halinde eksik de\u011ferdeki par\u00e7aya para eklenerek denkle\u015ftirme sa\u011flanmas\u0131na para verir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lme istemi durum ve ko\u015fullara uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclmezse \u00f6zellikle payl\u0131 mal\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fer kayb\u0131na u\u011framadan b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesine olanak yoksa, a\u00e7\u0131k artt\u0131rmayla sat\u0131\u015fa h\u00fckmolunur. Sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n payda\u015flar aras\u0131nda art\u0131rmayla sat\u0131lmas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn payda\u015flar\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2-) ELB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130 M\u00dcLK\u0130YET\u0130 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A-) Tan\u0131m :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM.K. md.701: Kanun veya kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler uyar\u0131nca olu\u015fan topluluk dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mallara birlikte malik olanlar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyeti, elbirli\u011fi m\u00fclkiyetidir.<\/p>\n

Elbirli\u011fi m\u00fclkiyetinde ortaklar\u0131n belirlenmi\u015f paylar\u0131 olmay\u0131p her birinin\u00a0 hakk\u0131, ortakl\u0131\u011fa giren mallar\u0131n tamam\u0131na yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n

\u2018\u2018M.K.md. 702 :Kanunda veya s\u00f6zle\u015fmede aksine bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a, gerek y\u00f6netim, gerek tasarruf i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in ortaklar\u0131n oybirli\u011fiyle karar vermeleri gerekir.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n

B-) Sona Ermesi : ( Toplulu\u011fun da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 veya payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyete ge\u00e7ilmesi )<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018\u2018M.K. 703 : Elbirli\u011fi m\u00fclkiyeti, mal\u0131n devri, toplulu\u011fun da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 veya payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyete ge\u00e7ilmesi ile sona erer.<\/p>\n

Payla\u015ft\u0131rma, aksine bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a, payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131na g\u00f6re; bor\u00e7lunun i\u015ftirak halinde tasarruf olunan maldaki pay\u0131n\u0131n icraca sat\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in, i\u015ftirak halindeki m\u00fclkiyetin, ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 yoluyla kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015ftirak halindeki m\u00fclkiyet konusu mallarla ilgili a\u00e7\u0131lacak davalara b\u00fct\u00fcn ortaklar\u0131n kat\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekir. \u0130\u015ftirak\u00e7i ortaklar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn muvafakati veya temsilci atanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmazsa dava dilek\u00e7esi reddedilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015ftirakli pay\u0131n haczi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Haciz ancak bor\u00e7lu orta\u011f\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131mdaki(tasfiyedeki) pay\u0131 \u00fczerine konulabilir.<\/p>\n

PAYLI M\u00dcLK\u0130YET VE ELB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130 M\u00dcLK\u0130YET\u0130N\u0130N FARKLARI:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyette, payda\u015flar aras\u0131nda ne \u015fahsi ne de hukuki bir ba\u011f mevcut de\u011fildir.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Elbirli\u011fi halindeki m\u00fclkiyette ise, ortaklar aras\u0131nda \u015fahsi bir ba\u011f mevcuttur. Bu ba\u011f m\u00fclkiyetten \u00f6nce var olup, m\u00fclkiyet bu \u015fahsi ba\u011f neticesi do\u011fmu\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyette, payda\u015flar\u0131n paylar\u0131 1\/5, 1\/8 gibi belirli bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elbirli\u011fi halindeki m\u00fclkiyette ise ortaklar\u0131n paylar\u0131 belli de\u011fildir. \u0130\u015ftirak\u00e7ilerin\u00a0\u00a0 haklar\u0131 m\u00fccerret olup o \u015feyin her par\u00e7as\u0131nda haklar\u0131 bunmaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeple i\u015ftirak\u00e7i ortaklara payda\u015f ifadesini kullanmak do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyette, payda\u015flar kendi paylar\u0131 \u00fczerinde diledikleri gibi tasarruf edebilirler. Bu paylar\u0131n 3. \u015fah\u0131slara sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, rehni ayni haklarla s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Elbirli\u011fi halindeki m\u00fclkiyette ise ortaklar paylar\u0131 \u00fczerinde tek ba\u015flar\u0131na asla tasarruf edemezler.<\/p>\n

Payl\u0131 m\u00fclkiyette, payda\u015flar alelade idari tasarruflar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6nemli tasarruflar\u0131 pay ve payda\u015f \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fuyla yapmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elbirli\u011fi halindeki m\u00fclkiyette ise b\u00fct\u00fcn tasarruflar ortaklar\u0131n oybirli\u011fiyle yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyette, payda\u015flar aras\u0131nda bir tesels\u00fcl yoktur. Bor\u00e7lu payda\u015f\u0131n pay\u0131n\u0131n, m\u00fcstakilen haczi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fundan, onun hakk\u0131nda bu bor\u00e7tan dolay\u0131 takibat yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Elbirli\u011fi halindeki m\u00fclkiyette ise, ortaklar\u0131n paylar\u0131 belli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bir pay\u0131n haczi s\u00f6z konusu olamaz. Ortaklardan birinin borcundan dolay\u0131 \u0130cra Hakimli\u011finden al\u0131nacak izin belgesi ile sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131larak alaca\u011f\u0131n tahsili yoluna gidilir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyete el atan 3.\u015fah\u0131s aleyhine bir payda\u015f\u0131n yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na dava a\u00e7mas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn iken,<\/p>\n

Elbirli\u011fi halindeki bir m\u00fclkte buna imkan yoktur.<\/p>\n

Her iki m\u00fclkiyette ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi ayn\u0131 kurallara tabidir.<\/p>\n

ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVASI:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesini istemek yenilik do\u011furan bir hakt\u0131r. Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi ya payda\u015flar\u0131n oy birli\u011fiyle yapaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile ya da mahkeme karar\u0131yla olur.<\/p>\n

Mahkeme, pay miktar\u0131 ve payda\u015f adedi imkan verdi\u011fi takdirde aynen taksim suretiyle, aksi takdirde sat\u0131larak sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin payda\u015flara paylar\u0131 oran\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesini karar alt\u0131na al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1-) G\u00d6REV\u00a0:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu davalar, davaya konu olan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r veya ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n de\u011ferine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n sulh hukuk mahkemesinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

2-) YETK\u0130\u00a0:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Dava konusu mal ta\u015f\u0131nmaz ise HUMK md.13 uyar\u0131nca bu mal\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesinde davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar birden fazla ve ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yerlerdeyse bunlardan birinin bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesi yetkilidir. Burada kesin yetki s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n

Dava ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesine ait olup, bu mal tereke ile ilgili de\u011filse HUMK. md.9 uyar\u0131nca o mala zilyet bulunan daval\u0131lardan birinin ikametgah\u0131 mahkemesinde a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

HUMK md.11 uyar\u0131nca dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r veya ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal tereke ile ilgiliyse davan\u0131n, murisin son ikametgah\u0131 mahkemesinde a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda, payda\u015flar yetki konusunda anla\u015fma yapamazlar.<\/p>\n

3-) YARGILAMA USUL\u00dc :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Basit yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcne tabidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yabanc\u0131 uyruklu davac\u0131n\u0131n uluslar aras\u0131 anla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yoksa teminat g\u00f6stermesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Birden \u00e7ok ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malda payda\u015f olan \u015fahs\u0131n hepsi i\u00e7in bir dilek\u00e7eyle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7mas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine ili\u015fkin kararlar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi istenemez. Ancak maddi hatalar\u0131n tashihi talep edilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla giderilmesine ili\u015fkin ilamlar kesinle\u015fme tarihinden itibaren on y\u0131l i\u00e7inde infaz edilmezse o ilam zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n taksim suretiyle giderilmesine ait ilamlar\u0131n ise, zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011framas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda, karar kesinle\u015finceye kadar, temyiz a\u015famas\u0131nda dahi davadan feragat m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

(6.H.D. 19.04.1994T. 4255E.-4497K)<\/p>\n

4-) DAVA ZAMANA\u015eIMI\u00a0:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr davalar zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Her zaman a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

5-) ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVASINI K\u0130MLER\u0130N A\u00c7AB\u0130LECE\u011e\u0130 :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Davac\u0131 payda\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malda tapu ile malik olan payda\u015f veya payda\u015flar\u0131n dava a\u00e7mas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse velisi, velayet alt\u0131ndaysa hakimden alaca\u011f\u0131 izinle vasisi onun ad\u0131na davay\u0131 a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malda, m\u00fclkiyet hissesi olmay\u0131p intifa hakk\u0131 bulunan \u015fahs\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7mas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Bir ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malda, haricen pay sat\u0131n alan veya noterden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sat\u0131\u015f vaadi senedi ile pay sat\u0131n alan kimse, tapu ile malik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dava a\u00e7ma yetkisine sahip de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015ftirak halindeki mallarda tasfiye memurunun dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015ftirakli orta\u011f\u0131n alacakl\u0131s\u0131 \u0130cra Hakimli\u011finden alaca\u011f\u0131 izin ile dava a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyette, bor\u00e7lu payda\u015f\u0131n pay\u0131 belli oldu\u011fundan, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n bu pay\u0131 m\u00fcstakilen haczettirip satmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fundan ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na l\u00fczum yoktur.<\/p>\n

\u0130flas Memuru \u0130cra Hakimli\u011finden alaca\u011f\u0131 izin ile dava a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Hazine alaca\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 izin belgesi al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Terekeye temsilci olarak atanan ve hak sahibi olmayan kimsenin dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n

Bir ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bak\u0131p g\u00f6zetme s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile iktisap eden kimse, tapu ile malik oldu\u011fundan bu mala ait ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Tapunun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler hanesine, miktar fazlas\u0131 hazineye ait kayd\u0131na dayanarak hazine taraf\u0131ndan ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lamaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu beyan m\u00fclkiyet i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Tapudaki evin veya a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n 3.\u015fahsa aidiyeti konusundaki \u015ferh, tapuda payda\u015f olmayan bu \u015fahsa ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 vermez.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ev ve a\u011fa\u00e7lar arz\u0131n m\u00fctememim c\u00fcz\u00fc oldu\u011fundan arz sahipleri dava a\u00e7abilir. Ev ve a\u011fa\u00e7 sahipleri sat\u0131\u015ftan sonra \u2018\u2018haks\u0131 zenginle\u015fme\u201d\u00a0 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re payda\u015flar aleyhine alacak davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilirler.<\/p>\n

Miras\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bahse konu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, muristen intikal eden ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar i\u00e7in tapuda intikal muamelesi, yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsa dahi ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131n her zaman a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Kanuni miras\u00e7\u0131lar yan\u0131nda murisin tayin etti\u011fi mahsup miras\u00e7\u0131lar da bu hakka haizdir.<\/p>\n

Mirastan feragat eden, mirastan \u0131skat olunan, miras\u0131 reddeden kimse ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7amaz. Ancak bunlar \u015fahsi sonu\u00e7 do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131ndan bu k\u0131s\u0131tlama onlar\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na ge\u00e7mez.<\/p>\n

Kamu alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n tahsili usul\u00fc hakk\u0131ndaki 6183 say\u0131l\u0131 kanunun 63. maddesi uyar\u0131nca Devlet, vilayet, \u00f6zel idare, ve belediyeler bu kanunun 1.maddesinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 vergi, har\u00e7 vs. alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n tahsili i\u00e7in bor\u00e7lunun i\u015ftirak halinde bulunan mal\u0131n\u0131 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi yoluyla satt\u0131r\u0131p paraya \u00e7evirmek hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Bunun i\u00e7in idarelerin icra hakimli\u011finden izin almalar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 yoktur.<\/p>\n

Belediyenin, yeni olu\u015fan parselin ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesini isteme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iptal edilen veya vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lanlar\u0131n mallar\u0131n\u0131n tasfiyesi Hazineye ait oldu\u011fundan, Hazine gerekti\u011finde o \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n mallar\u0131 i\u00e7in ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131 di\u011fer davalardan ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi sahiptir. Dava sonunda davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131 payda\u015f, pay\u0131 oran\u0131nda yararlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla taraflar e\u015fit hakka sahiptir. Davac\u0131 davas\u0131ndan feragat etse dahi, dava feragat sebebiyle reddedilemez. Daval\u0131 payda\u015f isterse, feragate ra\u011fmen davay\u0131 devam ettirebilir. Yine bu davalarda daval\u0131n\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n da esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin davac\u0131 taksim istemi\u015f, daval\u0131 da sat\u0131\u015f talebinde bulunmu\u015fsa ve taksim de kabil de\u011filse davac\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f istemedi diye dava reddolunmaz. Daval\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f istedi\u011fine g\u00f6re sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar verilir.<\/p>\n

Davac\u0131 davadan feragat etmi\u015f; daval\u0131 da davay\u0131 takip etmemi\u015fse ve bu nedenden dolay\u0131 dava reddedilmi\u015fse sonradan payda\u015flardan isteyen ayn\u0131 davay\u0131 a\u00e7abilecektir. Kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm bu davalarda uygulanmaz.<\/p>\n

Davac\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse velisi, vesayet alt\u0131ndaysa vasisi, kendisine kayy\u0131m tayin edilmi\u015fse kayy\u0131m taraf\u0131ndan dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Yeni payda\u015f\u0131n, kendisine bu pay\u0131 satan\u0131n a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131 takip hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 sahibi intifa hakk\u0131 sahibi aleyhine ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7amaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u015fahs\u0131n m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131 her zaman tapuyla devretme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

7-) ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVASININ\u00a0 K\u0130MLER ALEYH\u0130NE A\u00c7ILACA\u011eI:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131, davac\u0131lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan payda\u015flar aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn payda\u015flar\u0131n daval\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilmesi \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015flardan, davadan \u00f6nce veya davan\u0131n devam\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6lenler varsa, onlara ait veraset ilamlar\u0131 al\u0131narak miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n davaya dahil edilmesi gerekir. Davac\u0131 payda\u015f, \u00f6len hissedarlara ait veraset ilam\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in sulh hukuk mahkemesine dava a\u00e7mak \u00fczere ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren sulh hukuk mahkemesinden izin belgesi isteyecektir. Bu izin, sulh mahkemesince ara karar\u0131 ile verilir, karar mahiyetini kapsayan bir belge davac\u0131 payda\u015fa tevdi edilir.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131nda, usul kanununun di\u011fer davalarda arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlamda husumet yoktur. Her payda\u015f pay\u0131 oran\u0131nda hakka sahip oldu\u011fundan \u015fekil bak\u0131mdan davaya dahil edilmeleri gerekmektedir. Bu sebepledir ki bu t\u00fcr davalarda, daval\u0131n\u0131n mahk\u00fbm olmas\u0131 hali bahse konu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, mahkeme masraflar\u0131n\u0131n paylar oran\u0131nda payda\u015flar\u0131n tamam\u0131na ait olmas\u0131 esas\u0131 konmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Tapuda bir k\u0131s\u0131m paylar gaip \u015fah\u0131slar ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131ysa, bu \u015fah\u0131slara kayy\u0131m tayin ettirilerek onlar\u0131n huzuruyla davaya devam olunur.<\/p>\n

Miras\u00e7\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6len payda\u015f\u0131n pay\u0131, en son miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak Hazineye intikal edece\u011finden, bu gibi hallerde Hazinenin davaya dahil edilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Daval\u0131 payda\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse velisinin, vesayet alt\u0131ndaysa vasisinin daval\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekir. Veli veya vasinin temsil etti\u011fi kimse ile menfaat \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 varsa, bu halde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya mahcura kayy\u0131m tayini icap eder.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131nda, \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu kadar zor olan konu taraf te\u015fkilidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7o\u011fu kez payda\u015flar birbirini tan\u0131maz. Payda\u015flar\u0131n kimi sa\u011f kimi \u00f6l\u00fc olup \u00f6lenlerin miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kimler oldu\u011fu bilinmez. Payda\u015flar\u0131n kimler oldu\u011fu ve pay miktarlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallarda ancak tapu kayd\u0131 ile tespit edilir. Daval\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilmeyenler varsa onlar\u0131n davaya dahil edilmesi gerekir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal muristen intikal edip, i\u015ftirak halindeki m\u00fclkiyete konuysa davadan, murise ait veraset belgesi istenir. Bu veraset ilam\u0131ndaki miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n davaya dahil edilmesi temin edilir.<\/p>\n

Tapuda payda\u015f olmayan kimselerin davaya dahil edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n arsas\u0131na ka\u00e7ak in\u015faat yapan \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n arsas\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 ile ilgilisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan davaya kat\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekmez.<\/p>\n

Tapunun beyanlar hanesine miktar fazlas\u0131 Hazineye aittir \u015ferhi varsa bu \u015ferh Hazineye m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 bah\u015fetmedi\u011finden Hazinenin davaya dahil edilmesi gerekmez, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz bu \u015ferhle birlikte sat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yine tapuda payda\u015f olmayan 3. \u015fahsa ait ev veya a\u011fa\u00e7 me\u015fruhat\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 onlar\u0131n daval\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilmesini gerektirmez. Onlar dilerlerse sat\u0131\u015ftan sonra tapu payda\u015flar\u0131 aleyhine sebepsiz zenginle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re alacak davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilirler.<\/p>\n

\u00a0ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVASININ A\u00c7ILAMAYACA\u011eI HALLER :<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Tapuda kay\u0131tl\u0131 olmayan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi dava yolu ile istenemez.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n tamam\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu olur. Belirli bir pay\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

( 6.HD. 04.02.1982T. 959E.- 985K. )<\/p>\n

Tapulu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar gibi ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131nda ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istenebilir. M\u00fclkiyeti muhafaza kayd\u0131yla sat\u0131lan motorlu arac\u0131n da ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Arz\u0131n teferruat\u0131 say\u0131lan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine konu te\u015fkil eder.<\/p>\n

Tapu kayd\u0131nda, ortaklarca \u015f\u00fcyuun idame m\u00fckellefiyeti veya kooperatiflerce yap\u0131lan binalar i\u00e7in Kooperatif\u00a0 T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne devrin imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konmu\u015fsa, bu gibi hallerde ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi istenemez.<\/p>\n

M.K. md.627\u2019de \u015fuyuun idame m\u00fckellefiyeti olmad\u0131k\u00e7a payda\u015flardan her birinin taksim talebinde bulunabilece\u011fi h\u00fckm\u00fc konmu\u015ftur. Payda\u015flar bu h\u00fckme g\u00f6re ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n devam\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapma hakk\u0131n\u0131 haizdirler. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 yeterlidir, resmi \u015fekil ve tapuya tescil zorunlulu\u011fu yoktur. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme 10 y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emez. On y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ortaklarca tanzim edildi\u011fi ve hukuki tasarrufun yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihtir. On y\u0131l dolmadan hakl\u0131 sebeplerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin feshi ve ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi dava konusu edilebilir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyet devaml\u0131 bir maksada tahsis edilmi\u015fse, o tahsis devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi istenemez. Bu tahsis M.K.md.627 uyar\u0131nca azami 10 y\u0131l olabilir. Ancak iki ta\u015f\u0131nmaz aras\u0131nda tahsis edilen ve s\u00fcbjektif ayni haklara konu olan mallar\u0131n s\u00fcre ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hi\u00e7bir zaman ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi talep edilemez.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi M.K.md.627\/f:son uyar\u0131nca m\u00fcnasip olmayan bir zamanda istenemez. \u00d6rne\u011fin ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar\u0131n anormal olarak fiyat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc devrede in\u015faat\u0131n hen\u00fcz devam etti\u011fi bir zamanda bu mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istenemez.<\/p>\n

Kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda buna ili\u015fkin karar ilgililere tebli\u011f edildikten sonra o ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n devir ve temliki yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan bu durumdaki ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istenemez.<\/p>\n

Kamu mallar\u0131n\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi talep edilemez. Bu nedenle dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda okul, hastane gibi kamu mal\u0131 varsa kamu mal\u0131 varsa onun ifraz\u0131(ayr\u0131lmas\u0131) i\u00e7in davac\u0131 tarafa s\u00fcre verilmesi ondan sonra geri kalan k\u0131s\u0131m i\u00e7in davan\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Hazinenin kamu mal\u0131 niteli\u011finde olmayan \u00f6zel m\u00fclke konu olan ta\u015f\u0131nmazdaki payda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 o mal\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesine engel te\u015fkil etmez.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n arsas\u0131na yap\u0131lan bina, M.K.md.654\u2019e girmeyen temelli yap\u0131 ise arzdan ayr\u0131 olarak o yap\u0131n\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istenemez.<\/p>\n

Kar\u0131 koca aras\u0131nda mal ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 rejimi varsa birlikte maliki olduklar\u0131 her bir mal\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesini dava yolu ile istemeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Kar\u0131 koca aras\u0131ndaki cebri icran\u0131n imk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu gibi davalara uygulanmaz.<\/p>\n

Muris ad\u0131na tapuda kay\u0131tl\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n, miras\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi i\u00e7in tapuda intikal muamelesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fart de\u011fildir. \u0130braz edilecek veraset ilam\u0131na g\u00f6re intikal muamelesi yap\u0131lmadan da ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar verilebilir.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131nda davaya konu olan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n kirada olmas\u0131, hacizli veya ipotekli bulunmas\u0131, \u00fczerinde irtifak veya intifa hakk\u0131 olmas\u0131, ge\u00e7erli sat\u0131\u015f vaadi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile veya haricen sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunmas\u0131 bu davalar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine mani de\u011fildir. Ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn payda\u015flar ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131 belirli bir s\u00fcre bir \u015fahsa kiralam\u0131\u015flarla kira s\u00fcresince ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7amazlar.<\/p>\n

9-) G\u00d6Z \u00d6N\u00dcNDE TUTULACAK ESASLAR :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1-\u00a0<\/strong>Taraflara, usul\u00fcn 509 ve 510. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca davetiye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2-<\/strong>\u00a0Tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3-\u00a0<\/strong>Tapuda paylar g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015fse davac\u0131dan veraset belgesi istenir.<\/p>\n

4-\u00a0<\/strong>Mahalline fenni bilirki\u015fi ile tapu uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r ve fiilen taksimin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 hususlar\u0131nda ke\u015fif yap\u0131l\u0131r, rapor al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5-\u00a0<\/strong>Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ilavesi ile de taksimin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenir.<\/p>\n

6-\u00a0<\/strong>Sat\u0131\u015f iste\u011finin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulacakt\u0131r. E\u011fer sat\u0131\u015f iste\u011fi yoksa, sat\u0131\u015f suretiyle payda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine gidilemeyecektir.<\/p>\n

7-\u00a0<\/strong>Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerinde taraflarca herhangi bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131k varsa, bu anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n halline kadar dava geriye b\u0131rak\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

8-\u00a0<\/strong>Anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n de\u011feri 5.918,00 YTL\u2019den fazla ise anla\u015fmazl\u0131k tespit edildi\u011fi g\u00fcnden itibaren 10 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde davac\u0131ya Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesinde dava a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in mehil verilecektir.(HUMK.md.567)<\/p>\n

9-\u00a0Anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n de\u011feri 5.918,00YTL\u2019den az ise sulh hakimi anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tetkik edip neticeye varacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

10-<\/strong> Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131n konusunu te\u015fkil eden ta\u015f\u0131nmaz tapuda kay\u0131tl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa, davac\u0131 da tescil i\u015flemini yapt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in s\u00fcre isterse, davac\u0131ya s\u00fcre verecektir.HGK 12.03.1947 g\u00fcn ve 3-69\/55 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 da bu durum teyid eder niteliktedir.<\/p>\n

11-<\/strong> Ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n taksimi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, sat\u0131larak payda\u015flara paylar\u0131 oran\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015f bedeli payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in de ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mal\u0131n de\u011feri bilirki\u015fiye tespit ettirilecektir.<\/p>\n

10-) DAVANIN BEKLET\u0130LMES\u0130N\u0130 GEREKEN HALLER :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n tapuda kay\u0131tl\u0131 olmay\u0131p tescili i\u00e7in s\u00fcre istenmi\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

Tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndaki isimlerin n\u00fcfus kayd\u0131na uymamas\u0131,<\/p>\n

Tapu miktar\u0131 ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc miktar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine uymamas\u0131,<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n hudutlar\u0131n\u0131n hatal\u0131 yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yap\u0131lan ke\u015fifte ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerine uymamas\u0131,<\/p>\n

Veraset ilam\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131k bulunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerinde m\u00fclkiyet uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mevcut olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00a011-) DAVANIN BEKLET\u0130LMES\u0130N\u0130 GEREKT\u0130RMEYEN HALLER :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmazda yap\u0131lan faydal\u0131 ve zorunlu masraflara ait davalar,<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n intifa hakk\u0131 ile y\u00fckl\u00fc oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131,<\/p>\n

Davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ok sonra k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetle\u00a0ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen m\u00fclkiyet uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddialar\u0131,<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n 3.ki\u015fiye kiraya verilmi\u015f bulunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u00fczerindeki yap\u0131lar\u0131n, binan\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dava bulunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

Tapu kayd\u0131nda ipotek ve haciz kay\u0131tlar\u0131 olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

12-) ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVALARINDA \u00d6N MESELE<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tapu kayd\u0131 \u00fczerindeki m\u00fclkiyet \u00e7eki\u015fmesi, tapu kayd\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesine ili\u015fkin t\u00fcm davalar, tapu iptali ve tescil davalar\u0131 \u00f6n mesele yap\u0131l\u0131p, bunlar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi i\u00e7in davac\u0131ya s\u00fcre verilir, ya da bu davan\u0131n sonucu beklenir.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131nda dava konusu mal \u00fczerinde \u00e7o\u011fu kez m\u00fclkiyet \u00e7eki\u015fmesi vard\u0131r. Bu \u00e7eki\u015fme konusu olan mal\u0131n de\u011feri sulh hukuk mahkemesinin g\u00f6rev alan\u0131na giriyorsa ihtilaf\u0131 as\u0131l davaya bakan sulh mahkemesi halledecek; girmiyorsa veya miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131 gibi k\u0131ymet tayini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir \u00e7eki\u015fme varsa bu anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc asliye hukuk mahkemesine ait olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, sulh hukuk mahkemesi, bu konuda, karar tarihinden itibaren 10 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yetkili asliye mahkemesine dava a\u00e7mak \u00fczere alakal\u0131s\u0131na s\u00fcre verecek, dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6n mesele olarak onun sonucunu bekleyecektir.<\/p>\n

Kanuni s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde dava a\u00e7\u0131lmaz ise m\u00fclkiyet ihtilaf\u0131 yokmu\u015f gibi karar verecektir. On g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre kanundan do\u011fdu\u011fundan hakimin bu s\u00fcreyi uzatma, azaltma veya ikinci kez mehil verme olana\u011f\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n

13-) ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVALARINDA DAVALARIN B\u0130RLE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130LMES\u0130, AYNI DAVANIN D\u0130\u011eER B\u0130R MAHKEMEDE G\u00d6R\u00dcLD\u00dc\u011e\u00dc \u0130DD\u0130ASI VE DAVANIN ISLAHI<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131 \u00f6zel yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcne tabi davalar olup bu davalarda basit yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fc uygulan\u0131r. Bu sebeple ayr\u0131 yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcne tabi olan alacak ve tescil gibi davalarla birlikte g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp karara ba\u011flanmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015flar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan birden fazla mallara ait davalar ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa bunlar\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015flar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallarla, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 dava konusu yap\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi, ayn\u0131 yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcne tabi olduklar\u0131ndan birlikte a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p nitelendirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Keza ayr\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015flarsa birle\u015ftirilebilirler.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mala ait ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 di\u011fer bir mahkemede g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte ise ayn\u0131 sebeple iki davaya bak\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan sonradan a\u00e7\u0131lan davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilir. Bu savunman\u0131n ilk itiraz olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Davac\u0131 dava dilek\u00e7esindeki ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi sebebini duru\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0131slah yolu ile de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Basit yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcne tabi bu gibi davalarda davac\u0131n\u0131n \u0131slah\u0131 daval\u0131lar\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

14-) TA\u015eINIR MALLARIN ORTAKLI\u011eININ G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallara ait usule tabidir.<\/p>\n

Cinsleri ayn\u0131 olan ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilen ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n taksimi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin her payda\u015fa ayn\u0131 miktar bu\u011fday, ke\u00e7i, koyun gibi hayvan vermek suretiyle taksim yap\u0131labilir. Ancak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilmekle beraber cinsleri ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla k\u0131ymetleri ayr\u0131 olan mallar ivaz suretiyle de olsa aynen taksim edilemez. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir payda\u015fa hal\u0131, birine kilim di\u011ferine bu\u011fday verilmek suretiyle bu mallar\u0131n taksimi yap\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n

Mevcut olmayan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi istenemez.<\/p>\n

Paran\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi de istenemez.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallarda oldu\u011fu gibi ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mal\u0131n payda\u015flar\u0131ndan birinde alaca\u011f\u0131 olan 3. \u015fah\u0131s o mal\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f yolu ile ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesini talep edebilir. Ancak bu m\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyete konu olan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r malda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. M\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyette bor\u00e7lu payda\u015f\u0131n pay\u0131 belli oldu\u011fundan onun m\u00fc\u015ftereken haczi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mal \u00fczerinde intifa hakk\u0131 varsa bu hakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olarak ortakl\u0131k giderilir.<\/p>\n

16-) ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 T\u00dcRLER\u0130 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A-) AYNEN TAKS\u0130M YOLU \u0130LE ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a-) Payda\u015flar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan r\u0131zai taksim:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Payda\u015flar kendi aralar\u0131nda mahkeme d\u0131\u015f\u0131, hakimin m\u00fcdahalesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n topluluk m\u00fclkiyetine konu olan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r veya ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile taksim edebilirler. M\u00fcnhas\u0131ran i\u015ftirak halindeki m\u00fclkiyete konu mallar\u0131n haricen taksiminin yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. M\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyete konu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallarda b\u00f6yle bir yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme yap\u0131lsa dahi bu m\u00fclkiyet t\u00fcr\u00fcnde harici taksim payda\u015flar\u0131 ba\u011flamaz. Ancak m\u00fc\u015fterek payda\u015flar taksimi tapuda fiilen yapm\u0131\u015flarsa ortakl\u0131k sona ermi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Taksim edilen mal, ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ise zilyetli\u011fin nakil ve devri; ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malsa tapuya tescili ile aynen taksim h\u00fck\u00fcm ifade eder.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015flar aynen taksimde anla\u015famazlarsa ay\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 paylara oybirli\u011fiyle bedel takdir ederler, bu bedeli veren onun pay\u0131n\u0131 iktisap etmi\u015f olur.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

b-) Hakimin m\u00fcdahalesi ile yap\u0131lan kazai taksim:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sulh hukuk mahkemesine a\u00e7\u0131lacak davayla hakim m\u00fcdahale eder. Kazai taksim bir \u00e7e\u015fit cebri taksim anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu nedenle daval\u0131lar\u0131n taksime raz\u0131 olup olmamalar\u0131 esasa etkili de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Aynen taksimin, m\u00fc\u015fterek mal\u0131n k\u0131ymetine \u00f6nemli noksanl\u0131k veya zarar gelmeden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Mutlak suretle her ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n ayn\u0131 nitelikte payda\u015f adedi kadar par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu vard\u0131r. Taksimde esas al\u0131nacak ana kural budur.<\/p>\n

Ancak paylar aras\u0131nda nitelik y\u00f6n\u00fcnden e\u015fitli\u011fi sa\u011flamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, bu halde niteli\u011fi az olan paya ivaz ilavesi yoluyla e\u015fitli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 yoluna gidilir. Bu ivaz para olabilece\u011fi gibi e\u015fya vs. malda olabilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130vaz ilavesiyle paylar aras\u0131ndaki e\u015fitli\u011fin\u00a0 temini payda\u015flar\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hakimin kendili\u011finden yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015flemdir.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131klanan esaslar do\u011frultusunda ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n aynen taksimine imkan olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fctehass\u0131s bilirki\u015fi marifetiyle yap\u0131lacak ke\u015fifle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bilirki\u015filerin ke\u015fifte \u00fczerinde duracaklar\u0131 hususlar \u015funlard\u0131r :<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

1-<\/strong> Dosyaya getirilmi\u015f olan tapu kayd\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00e7ap \u00f6rne\u011finin dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaza uyup uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek,<\/p>\n

2-<\/strong> Dava konusu yerin mevcut durumu itibariyle tapuda g\u00f6sterilen paylara g\u00f6re, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck pay sahibine de araziden par\u00e7a verilmesi nazara al\u0131narak k\u0131ymet kayb\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ivazs\u0131z veya ivaz ilavesi suretiyle aynen taksim\u00a0 imkan\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek,<\/p>\n

Bilirki\u015filerden bu konuda m\u00fcspet bilgi al\u0131n\u0131nca hakim taraflardan bir taksim projesi ister. Taraflar projede anla\u015famazlarsa bilirki\u015fiden taksim projesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 istenir.<\/p>\n

Taraflar\u0131n uyu\u015ftu\u011fu veya bilirki\u015filerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 taksim projesinin tatbikine imkan olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belediye veya m\u00fccevir alan hudutlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde olan yerler i\u00e7in belediyeden di\u011fer yerler i\u00e7in de il idare kurulundan proje ekte g\u00f6nderilerek teskere sunulmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan taksim projesinden sonra, bu proje araziye uygulanarak her paya isabet eden arazi par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n arazi \u00fczerinde g\u00f6sterilmesi, her paya projede numara verilmesi, hangi payda\u015fa isabeti yolunda payda\u015flar oybirli\u011fiyle anla\u015famazlarsa kura \u00e7ekilmek suretiyle paylar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hakimin aynen taksim suretiyle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar vermesinden ve bu karar\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra payda\u015flardan birinin ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 \u00fczerine tapu memuru, bu ilam ve krokiye g\u00f6re her payda\u015f\u0131n pay\u0131n\u0131 tapuya tescil edecek ve her birine m\u00fcstakil tapu senedi verecektir.<\/p>\n

3- Dava konusu\u00a0 mal\u0131n k\u0131ymetini tayin etmek<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

B-) KAT M\u00dcLK\u0130YET\u0130 KURULMAK SURET\u0130YLE ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kat m\u00fclkiyeti kurulabilmesi i\u00e7in ana yap\u0131da bulunmas\u0131 gereken ko\u015fullar :<\/p>\n

*\u00a0<\/strong>Tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir.
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>Kat m\u00fclkiyetine konu olacak b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na kullan\u0131lmaya elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>T\u00fcm\u00fc kargir olmayan yap\u0131da kat m\u00fclkiyet kurulamaz.<\/p>\n

Kat m\u00fclkiyeti kurulabilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin ayr\u0131 \u015fah\u0131slara ait olmas\u0131 zorunlu de\u011fildir. Anayap\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ayn\u0131 \u015fahsa ait olsa bile o kimse, yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na bunu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ay\u0131r\u0131p, her ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcme arsa\u00a0 pay\u0131 verip kat m\u00fclkiyetine \u00e7evirebilir. Bu halde her ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcme tapu k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ayr\u0131 sayfa verilir, ancak bir malik oldu\u011fundan m\u00fclkiyet hanesine ayn\u0131 isim yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kat m\u00fclkiyeti kurulabilmesi i\u00e7in ana yap\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyet h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabi olmas\u0131 gerekir. Anayap\u0131 i\u015ftirak halindeyse \u00f6ncelikle payda\u015flar\u0131n bunu m\u00fc\u015fterek m\u00fclkiyet \u015fekline \u00e7evirmeleri, ondan sonra kat m\u00fclkiyeti tesis etmeleri gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 \u015fahsa ait, ayn\u0131 katta birden fazla daire varsa malikin iste\u011fi ile tek ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm olarak birle\u015ftirilip, k\u00fct\u00fckte ayn\u0131 sayfaya kaydedilmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131 katlardaki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin tek ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm olarak birle\u015ftirilmelerine imkan yoktur.<\/p>\n

Asma katl\u0131 d\u00fckkanlar, yatak odalar\u0131 \u00fcst katta, salonu alt katta bulunan daireler, ayn\u0131 katta say\u0131l\u0131p tek bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm olarak kaydedilirler.<\/p>\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin birle\u015ftirilmesi veya bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm olarak k\u00fct\u00fc\u011fe kaydedilen b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn birden fazlaya ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 binada de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve tadilat\u0131 gerektiriyorsa, di\u011fer kat maliklerinin muvafakatini ve tadilat plan\u0131n\u0131n \u0130mar M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce tasdikini gerektirir.<\/p>\n

Kat m\u00fclkiyeti iki \u015fekilde kurulur:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

I-) Resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kat m\u00fclkiyeti, ortaklar aras\u0131nda resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin d\u00fczenlenmesi ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00fczerine tapuya tescil ile do\u011far. Bu resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fme tapu memuru taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenir. Noter huzurunda tanzim edilen s\u00f6zle\u015fme ge\u00e7erli say\u0131lmaz. Tapu memurunun b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapabilmesi i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn kat maliklerinin dilek\u00e7e ile ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu dilek\u00e7enin i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve dilek\u00e7eye eklenecek belgeler hakk\u0131nda K.M.K. md.12 h\u00fckm\u00fc uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

II-) Mahkeme karar\u0131 ile :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kat m\u00fclkiyetinin ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda, ister davac\u0131 isterse daval\u0131n\u0131n iste\u011fi \u00fczerine mahkemece verilecek kararla da tesisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. B\u00fct\u00fcn payda\u015flar\u0131n bu konuda ittifak etmesi \u015fart de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u015eartlar\u0131 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

a-)<\/strong> Dava konusu yap\u0131n\u0131n kargir olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

b-)<\/strong> Davac\u0131 veya daval\u0131 olan payda\u015flardan birinin kat m\u00fclkiyeti tesisi suretiyle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesini istemi\u015f olmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

c-)<\/strong> Yap\u0131da her payda\u015fa birer ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn isabet imkan\u0131 bulunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

d-)<\/strong> KMK md.12\u2019de say\u0131lan belgelerin dava s\u0131ras\u0131nda taraflarca temin edilmi\u015f bulunmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu \u015fartlardan biri eksikse sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011fa son verilir.<\/p>\n

Verilebilir kelimesini ihtiyari anlamda kabul etmemek gerekir. Yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan ko\u015fullar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde hakim kat m\u00fclkiyeti tesisi suretiyle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar vermek zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine konu olan yap\u0131 \u00fczerinde haciz ve ipotekler varsa, bu hal ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kat m\u00fclkiyetine \u00e7evrilmek suretiyle giderilmesine engel te\u015fkil etmez. Bu hallerde haciz ve ipotek alaca\u011f\u0131, payda\u015fa tahsis edilen kat ve dairelere intikal eder.<\/p>\n

Resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile kat m\u00fclkiyetinin kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in o ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n malikinin; malik birden fazla ise b\u00fct\u00fcn maliklerin imzal\u0131 bir dilek\u00e7e ile tapu memurlar\u0131na ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Bu dilek\u00e7ede ;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

*\u00a0<\/strong>Kat m\u00fclkiyetine konu olacak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferleri,
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>Her ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcme de\u011ferleri ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak tahsis edilecek arsa paylar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6sterilmesi \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bundan ba\u015fka a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgelerin de dilek\u00e7e ile birlikte tapu memurlu\u011funa verilmesi gerekir :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1-) Ana yap\u0131n\u0131n tasdikli projesi, birden \u00e7ok yap\u0131larda vaziyet plan\u0131, yap\u0131 kullanma izni ; ( iskan raporu )
\n2-) Ana yap\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n ve arka cephelerini, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse yan cephelerini g\u00f6sterir en az 13\u00d718 ebad\u0131nda foto\u011fraf;
\n3-) Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin s\u0131ra numaras\u0131 ile nevilerini g\u00f6sterir listesi;
\n4-) Ana yap\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimini g\u00f6sterir y\u00f6netim plan\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan belgelerle birlikte tapu memurlu\u011funa verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u0130mar Yasas\u0131 uyar\u0131nca \u015fuyuland\u0131r\u0131lan ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi 634 say\u0131l\u0131 Kat M\u00fclkiyeti Yasas\u0131n\u0131n 54. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Ortaklar anla\u015fma ile veya dava a\u00e7arak \u015fuyuu giderip ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sona erdiremezlerse, \u015fuyu yapan idare, ortak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Yasas\u0131n\u0131n 16. maddesine dayanarak bu davay\u0131 a\u00e7abilecektir.<\/p>\n

Davaya bakacak olan sulh mahkemesi hakimi, bilirki\u015fi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla her ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n \u015fuyundan \u00f6nceki de\u011ferlerini tespit edecek, bunlardan de\u011feri en fazla olan\u0131n sahibine di\u011ferlerini saptanan de\u011ferleriyle sat\u0131n almas\u0131na karar verecektir.<\/p>\n

Buna ili\u015fkin sulh mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n tebli\u011finden itibaren 1 ay i\u00e7inde bedel \u00f6denmez veya 6 ay i\u00e7inde \u00f6denmek \u00fczere banka mektubu veya ayni teminat g\u00f6sterilmez ise ikinci a\u015famada hakim, e\u011fer \u015fuyuuland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda kat m\u00fclkiyeti kurulmu\u015f bina varsa ve kat ve imar durumuna g\u00f6re bunun muhafazas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse, di\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar buna kat\u0131larak; e\u011fer m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse kat m\u00fclkiyeti kald\u0131r\u0131larak a\u00e7\u0131k art\u0131rma suretiyle sat\u0131lmas\u0131na ve sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin her ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ilk a\u015famada saptanan de\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re oranlanarak payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, b\u00f6ylece ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar verecektir.<\/p>\n

SATI\u015e SURET\u0130YLE ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu gibi davalarda ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n tapu kayd\u0131, kadastro veya imar \u00e7ap\u0131 getirildikten sonra bunlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 ve k\u0131ymet tayini i\u00e7in taksimde oldu\u011fu gibi uzman bilirki\u015filer marifetiyle ke\u015fif yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fifte bilirki\u015filer:<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

*\u00a0<\/strong>Dava konusu yerin tapu kayd\u0131na ve \u00e7apa uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131;
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n pay miktar\u0131na ve payda\u015f adedine g\u00f6re ya do\u011frudan do\u011fruya veya ivaz ilavesi suretiyle aynen taksiminin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131;
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>Dava konusu yerin zemin olarak ve \u00fczerinde varsa a\u011fa\u00e7, ev vs. tesis olarak ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 k\u0131ymetlerini, bunlar\u0131n payda\u015flardan kime ait oldu\u011funu, bu de\u011ferler esas al\u0131narak her payda\u015fa sat\u0131\u015f bedelinden % hesab\u0131yla isabet edecek miktar\u0131 tespit edeceklerdir.<\/p>\n

Arz \u00fczerinde bina, a\u011fa\u00e7 vs. muhdesat\u0131n belli bir payda\u015fa ait oldu\u011fu konusunda t\u00fcm payda\u015flar ittifak etmezlerse muhdesat arz\u0131n m\u00fctemmim c\u00fcz\u00fc kabul edilerek sat\u0131\u015f bedeli paylar oran\u0131nda payda\u015flara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Dava daval\u0131lar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 g\u0131yab\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa bu bak\u0131mdan muhdesat i\u00e7in onlar\u0131n beyan\u0131 al\u0131namam\u0131\u015fsa ittifak yok say\u0131l\u0131r. Tapuda muhdesat\u0131n belli bir payda\u015fa ait oldu\u011funa ait \u015ferh varsa buna itibar etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttifak\u0131n ve \u015ferhin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde k\u0131ymet tayininde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r :<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

*\u00a0<\/strong>Bina, a\u011fa\u00e7 ve tesisler yok farz edilerek arsa de\u011feri;
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>Bu arsa i\u00e7inde kalan bina a\u011fa\u00e7 ve tesislerin her bir payda\u015fa ait olan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ve toplam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011feri;
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>Arz\u0131n, bina, a\u011fa\u00e7 ve tesislerle birlikte sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda elde edilecek paran\u0131n % ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n zemine, ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fa\u00e7, tesis ve binalara isabet edece\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

Sat\u0131\u015f bedelinden her payda\u015fa ne kadar verilmesi gerekti\u011finin hakim taraf\u0131ndan kararda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilmesi \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tapu kayd\u0131ndaki miktar ile arazideki miktar birbirini tutmuyorsa bunu d\u00fczeltilmesi i\u00e7in davac\u0131ya, ait oldu\u011fu mahkemede d\u00fczeltme davas\u0131 a\u00e7mak \u00fczere s\u00fcre verilmesi ve dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rsa sonucunun beklenilmesi gerekir. D\u00fczeltilen durum esas al\u0131narak sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesine karar verilir.<\/p>\n

Tapu miktar\u0131 arzdan daha az ise verilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde d\u00fczeltme davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa veya a\u00e7\u0131lan dava reddedilirse ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131n reddi gerekmez. Sabit s\u0131n\u0131rlardan ba\u015flamak suretiyle tapu kapsam\u0131n\u0131 arazide belirlenmesi,bunun krokiye ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ve o k\u0131sm\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Tapu miktar\u0131 arzdan fazla ise verilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde tashih davas\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f veya a\u00e7\u0131lan dava reddedilmi\u015fse ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 da reddedilir.<\/p>\n

SATI\u015eA KARAR VER\u0130LMES\u0130 HAL\u0130NDE YAPILCAK \u0130\u015eLEMLER :<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

1- <\/strong>Mahkeme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015fif sonucu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n taksiminin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit edince, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f suretiyle(\u015f\u00fcyuun izalesine) payda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar verir.(Kararda ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n cins, miktar, mevkii, hudutlar\u0131 ait oldu\u011fu tapu vs. g\u00f6sterilir.) Hakim sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n payda\u015flar aras\u0131nda veya aleni olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verir.<\/p>\n

2-<\/strong> Sat\u0131\u015f memuru atan\u0131r. Sat\u0131\u015f memuru, yeniden o ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n tapu kayd\u0131 ve \u00e7ap \u00f6rne\u011fini getirir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n k\u0131ymeti her ne kadar mahkemece tayin edilmi\u015fse de, sat\u0131\u015f memuru, yeniden k\u0131ymet takdir etmeye ve buna ili\u015fkin bilirki\u015fi raporunu ilgililere tebli\u011f etmeye mecburdur. Sat\u0131\u015f memuru bu k\u0131ymet tayini \u00fczerinden 2 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti\u011fi halde sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapamazsa ve ge\u00e7en zaman i\u00e7inde k\u0131ymette de\u011fi\u015fiklik m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse sat\u0131\u015f memuru yeniden bilirki\u015fi yoluyla k\u0131ymet takdiri yapt\u0131r\u0131r. Bu konuda verilecek rapor taraflara tebli\u011f edilir. \u0130tirazlar varsa \u015fikayet yoluyla sat\u0131\u015fa karar veren mahkemece halledilir.<\/p>\n

3-<\/strong> Sat\u0131\u015f memuru, sat\u0131\u015f ilan\u0131n\u0131(\u015fartnamesini), \u0130\u0130K.\u2019nun 114-125-126 maddelerine uygun \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlay\u0131p ilan ettirir, sat\u0131\u015f ilan\u0131n\u0131n gazete ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda bir zorunluluk yoktur.<\/p>\n

4-<\/strong> Sat\u0131\u015f ilan\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcnden en az 1 ay \u00f6nce yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5-<\/strong> \u00a0Sat\u0131\u015f ilan\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn payda\u015flar\u0131na, ipotek ve haciz alacakl\u0131lar\u0131na, irtifak hakk\u0131 sahiplerine ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 tebli\u011fi gerekir. Adresi bulunamayan payda\u015f\u0131n \u00f6ncelikle savc\u0131l\u0131kta adresi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, bulunamazsa bu ilan gazete ile yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

6-<\/strong> Sat\u0131\u015fa tayin edilen saatte ba\u015flan\u0131r ve bu husus memur ve telal taraf\u0131ndan tevsik edilir.<\/p>\n

7-<\/strong> \u0130\u0130K.\u2019nun 124. maddesi uyar\u0131nca tahmin edilen (muhammen) k\u0131ymetin %20 sini teminat olarak (pey ak\u00e7esi) nakit veren veya milli bir bankan\u0131n bu miktardaki teminat mektubunu tevdi eden herkes ihaleye i\u015ftirak eder. Sat\u0131\u015f konusu mal \u00fczerinde hakk\u0131 olan alacakl\u0131n\u0131n veya payda\u015f\u0131n bu maldaki hissesi tahmin edilen k\u0131ymetin %20\u2019sinden fazla ise teminat vermesine gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n

8-<\/strong> \u0130hale \u00fczerinde kalanla, ondan bir \u00f6nceki art\u0131ran\u0131n tutana\u011f\u0131 imzalamalar\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

9-<\/strong> \u0130landa g\u00f6sterilen saatin sonunda ba\u015fka art\u0131ran yoksa telal 3 defa ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131r ve fazlaya talep \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa, son pey sahibine ihale edilir.<\/p>\n

10-<\/strong> \u0130halenin biti\u015f saati ve dakikas\u0131 tutana\u011fa ge\u00e7irilip 3 defa ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ihaleyi alan ki\u015finin ad\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131p alt\u0131 sat\u0131\u015f memuru,telal ve ihale edilen \u015fah\u0131s ve bundan bir \u00f6nce pey s\u00fcren kimse taraf\u0131ndan imzalan\u0131r.
\nBirinci art\u0131rmada sat\u0131\u015f, ancak tahmin edilen k\u0131ymetin %60\u2019\u0131n\u0131 bulmas\u0131 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu miktar\u0131 bulmazsa, ikinci art\u0131rma, birinci art\u0131rma g\u00fcn\u00fcnden 10 g\u00fcn sonra yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130kinci art\u0131rma sonunda tahmin edilen k\u0131ymetin %40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 bulursa sat\u0131\u015f yap\u0131l\u0131r. Aksi halde ikinci sat\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine konu olan mal\u0131n ilk al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ihale bedelini s\u00fcresinde \u00f6demezse, sat\u0131\u015f memuru, ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc tutanakta ihale edilen bir \u00f6nceki art\u0131rana ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc pey \u00fczerinden ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131 al\u0131p almayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 teskere ile sorar ve 3 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde cevapland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Bu kimse kabul ederse ihale o \u015fahsa yap\u0131l\u0131r. Talep ederse buna da bedel i\u00e7in 20 g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre verilebilir. E\u011fer bu \u015fah\u0131s almak istemezse veya 3 g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrede cevap vermezse yahut adresi bulunulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tebligat yap\u0131lamazsa sat\u0131\u015f memuru, sat\u0131\u015ftan 7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce yeniden sat\u0131\u015f ilan\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u0130K.129. maddesinin 2.f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015firse ihaleyi yapar. Aksi halde sat\u0131\u015f talebi d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki ihale aras\u0131ndaki farktan ve di\u011fer zararlardan ilk al\u0131c\u0131 sorumlu olup, depo edilen teminat bunlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorsa bundan, kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yorsa bakiyesi hi\u00e7bir h\u00fckme hacet kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n icra yoluyla ilk al\u0131c\u0131dan tahsil olunur.<\/p>\n

\u0130HALEN\u0130N FESH\u0130:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Bor\u00e7lar Yasas\u0131 md.226- Kanuna ve ahlaka(adaba) mugayir tertibatla m\u00fczayedeye fesat kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise her alakadar taraf\u0131ndan on g\u00fcn zarf\u0131nda itiraz edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Bu itiraz, cebri m\u00fczayedelerde \u0130cra ve \u0130flas muamelelerinde nezaret eden makamlara ve di\u011fer hallerde mahkemeye arz olunur.<\/p>\n

\u0130cra ve iflas Yasas\u0131 md. 134- \u0130cra dairesi taraf\u0131ndan gayrimenkul kendisine ihale edilen al\u0131c\u0131 o gayrimenkul\u00fcn m\u00fclkiyetini iktisap etmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

\u0130halenin feshi yaln\u0131z \u0130cra Mahkemesinden \u015fikayet yoluyla istenebilir.\u00a0 \u0130hale tarihi \u015fikayet i\u00e7in muayyen m\u00fcddetle ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tetkik merciinin verece\u011fi karar on g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde temyiz olunabilir.<\/p>\n

Tescil i\u00e7in tapu idaresine yap\u0131lacak tebligat \u015fikayet i\u00e7in muayyen m\u00fcddetin ge\u00e7mesinden ve e\u011fer \u015fikayet edilmi\u015fse \u015fikayetin intac\u0131ndan sonra yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin art\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya verilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6denmemesi, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Yasas\u0131na uygun yap\u0131lmamas\u0131, yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmas\u0131, yani yasadaki ko\u015fullar\u0131n yerine getirilmeden sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131, hile kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gibi hallerde, ta\u015f\u0131nmazla ilgili her ki\u015fi sat\u0131\u015f suretiyle payda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar veren Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesine, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in itiraz ve \u015fikayette bulunabilir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6revli Mahkeme :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesidir. Sat\u0131\u015f memurlu\u011funca sat\u0131\u015f \u0130cra \u0130flas Yasas\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 davas\u0131nda da, sat\u0131\u015f suretiyle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar veren Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi, icra mahkemesi s\u0131fat\u0131yla bu t\u00fcr davalara bakmakla g\u00f6revlidir. \u0130cra mahkemesine bu t\u00fcr davalar a\u00e7\u0131lamaz<\/p>\n

Yetkili Mahkeme :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

*\u00a0<\/strong>Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesi veya,
\n*\u00a0<\/strong>\u00d6lenin son ikametgah mahkemesidir.<\/p>\n

Davac\u0131 :<\/strong>\u00a0Sat\u0131\u015ftan ma\u011fdur olan kimse veya kimselerdir.<\/p>\n

Daval\u0131 :\u00a0<\/strong>Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz kendisine sat\u0131lan kimse.<\/p>\n

Dava A\u00e7ma Ko\u015fullar\u0131 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin sat\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya verilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde \u00f6denmemesi veya sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Yasas\u0131na uygun yap\u0131lmamas\u0131, hile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 gibi haller, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda yasaca \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ko\u015fullard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dava A\u00e7ma S\u00fcresi :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bozulma sebebinin \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fi g\u00fcnden itibaren yedi g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Mahkemece Yap\u0131lacak \u0130\u015flemler :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* <\/strong>Sulh Hukuk Hakimi, \u0130cra Mahkemesi s\u0131fat\u0131yla basit yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcyle itiraz\u0131 inceleyecektir.
\n* <\/strong>Duru\u015fma a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, taraflar \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.
\n* <\/strong>Usul\u00fcn 509-510. maddesi gere\u011fince a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 davetiye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.
\n* <\/strong>Davac\u0131dan sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n bozulma nedenlerin ispatlamas\u0131 istenir.
\n* <\/strong>Sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 istekleri her t\u00fcrl\u00fc delille ispatlan\u0131r. (Tan\u0131k, belge, tutanak gibi)
\n* <\/strong>Verilecek karar taraflara tebli\u011f edilir.
\n* <\/strong>Karar\u0131n bildirim veya tebli\u011finden itibaren 10 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde Yarg\u0131tay yoluna ba\u015fvurulabilir. Ancak art\u0131rmaya konu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n k\u0131ymetinin \u2026\u2026\u2026? YTL\u2019den fazla olmas\u0131 da \u015fartt\u0131r.(\u0130\u0130Y.md.134 ve de\u011fi\u015fik 363)<\/p>\n

Sat\u0131\u015fa Hangi Halde \u0130tiraz Olunmaz?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

*\u00a0Ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na itiraz olunamaz.
\n*\u00a0Noksan i\u015flem hakim taraf\u0131ndan tespit edilirse, itiraz halinde veya do\u011frudan do\u011fruya bu noksan i\u015flemin tamamlanmas\u0131, sat\u0131\u015f memurundan yine hakim taraf\u0131ndan istenebilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130HALEN\u0130N KES\u0130NLE\u015eMES\u0130NDEN SONRA YAPILACAK \u0130\u015eLEM:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

\u0130hale kesinle\u015fince, ihale bedeli sat\u0131\u015f memuru taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131p, Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n genelgeleriyle \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bankalardan birine depo edilir.<\/p>\n

Sat\u0131\u015f memurunun g\u00f6revi ihalenin kesinle\u015fmesi ile son bulur. Bu durumda sat\u0131\u015f memuru dosyay\u0131, ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine karar veren mahkemeye iade eder.<\/p>\n

Mahkeme sat\u0131\u015f memurlu\u011fundan gelen dosyada ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n vergi borcu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bildirilmesini teskere ile vergi dairesinden sorar. Bu cevaptan sonra sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin karar uyar\u0131nca payda\u015flara tevziini yapar. Bu i\u015f i\u00e7in gerekirse bir bilirki\u015fi de tayin edebilir.<\/p>\n

Hakim veya tayin etti\u011fi bilirki\u015fi, \u00f6ncelikle sat\u0131\u015f bedelinden mahkeme masraflar\u0131n\u0131, sat\u0131\u015f giderlerini, telalliye \u00fccretini, vergi bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, varsa bilirki\u015fi \u00fccretini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r, geri kalan paray\u0131 pay miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re payda\u015flara taksim eder.<\/p>\n

Masraflar ve vekil \u00fccretleri bu masraf\u0131 yapan ve avukat tutmu\u015f olan payda\u015f\u0131n hissesine ilave edilir.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015flar\u0131n paylar\u0131n\u0131n kendilerine \u00f6denmesi i\u00e7in bankaya talimat yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130halenin kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra mahkeme, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine ad\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n tescili i\u00e7in tapuya teskere yazar. Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, tescil i\u015fleminde ihale bedeli \u00fczerinden gerekli al\u0131m harc\u0131n\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca tapu memurlu\u011funca tahakkuk ettirilecek katma de\u011fer vergisini \u00f6demesi icap eder.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00dcTEMM\u0130M C\u00dcZ \u0130LE SATI\u015e:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal \u00fczerinde bulunan binalar a\u011fa\u00e7lar arz\u0131n m\u00fctemmim c\u00fcz\u00fc olup arzdan hi\u00e7bir suretle ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Hi\u00e7bir zaman zeminden ayr\u0131 olarak a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n ve binalar\u0131n yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile ortakl\u0131k giderilemez.<\/p>\n

Ancak arz \u00fczerinde bina ve a\u011fa\u00e7lar arz\u0131n payda\u015flar\u0131ndan belli bir k\u0131sm\u0131na ait olup, bu \u015fah\u0131slar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya dikildi\u011fi di\u011fer payda\u015flarca \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz kabul ediliyorsa veya tapu kayd\u0131nda bu konuda \u015ferh varsa bilirki\u015filere ev veya a\u011fa\u00e7lar i\u00e7in de\u011fer taktir ettirilip, tamam\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bu de\u011ferler esas al\u0131narak sahiplerine isabet edecek miktar\u0131n % oran\u0131yla tespiti yoluna gidilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin; A,B,C\u2019nin payda\u015f oldu\u011fu arz \u00fczerinde A\u2019ya ait ev 100.000YTL, B\u2019ye ait a\u011fa\u00e7lar 40.000YTL, arsada 400.000YTL de\u011ferinde ise toplam de\u011fer 540.000YTL oldu\u011fundan; sat\u0131\u015f de\u011ferinden \u00f6ncelikle A, 100.000\/540.000; B, 40.000\/ 540.000 oran\u0131nda pay alacak, geri kalan arsaya ait k\u0131s\u0131m olarak tapu veya verasetteki paylar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcne taksim edilecektir.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131nda anla\u015fma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in muhdesat bak\u0131m\u0131ndan oran kurulamam\u0131\u015fsa, muhdesat \u00fczerinde hak iddia eden payda\u015f sat\u0131\u015ftan sonra haks\u0131z zenginle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re di\u011fer payda\u015flar aleyhine alacak davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Arzda payda\u015f olmayan kimse, bu arz \u00fczerindeki ev veya a\u011fa\u00e7larda hak iddia ederse, bu iddia ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda nazara al\u0131nmaz. Bina ve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n arz\u0131n m\u00fctemmim c\u00fcz\u00fc olarak birlikte sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve bedelinin arzda payda\u015f olanlara paylar\u0131 oran\u0131nda taksimine karar verilmesi gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 3.\u015fah\u0131s durumunda olan, bina veya a\u011fa\u00e7larda m\u00fclkiyet iddias\u0131nda bulunan kimsenin, arz\u0131n payda\u015flar\u0131 aleyhine her zaman bina veya a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n de\u011ferinden dolay\u0131 tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7mas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n arsas\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan ka\u00e7ak in\u015faatlar\u0131n(gecekondu), \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu zeminin ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda arz\u0131n m\u00fctemmim c\u00fcz\u00fc say\u0131larak onunla birlikte sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na karar verilir. Bina sahibi zeminde payda\u015f olmayan davada taraf olarak kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n

Ancak bina sahibinin, payda\u015flar aleyhine sebepsiz zenginle\u015fmeden dolay\u0131 tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 sakl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu binalar arza k\u0131ymet kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, arz sahiplerinin mal zarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flarsa tazminat davas\u0131 hakl\u0131 say\u0131lacak aksi halde \u00e7o\u011fu kez oldu\u011fu gibi gecekondular sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirip k\u0131ymet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaratm\u0131\u015flarsa davan\u0131n reddi gerekecektir.<\/p>\n

17-) \u0130RT\u0130FAK \u2013 \u0130NT\u0130FA HAKKI G\u0130B\u0130 AYN\u0130 HAK VE \u0130POTEK \u2013 HAC\u0130Z G\u0130B\u0130 \u015eAHS\u0130 HAKLA Y\u00dcK\u00dcML\u00dc TA\u015eINMAZ MALLARIN ORTAKLI\u011eININ G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130rtifak hakk\u0131, bir \u015fey veya bir hak \u00fczerine y\u00fckletilmi\u015f bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olarak tarif edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n intifal\u0131, hacizli ve ipotekli olmas\u0131n\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine engeli yoktur. Bu haklarla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olarak sat\u0131lmas\u0131 aynen<\/p>\n

taksimde de her bir par\u00e7aya bu haklar\u0131n ve alacaklar\u0131n ge\u00e7mesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

1-) Aynen taksim halinde yap\u0131lacak i\u015flem :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130rtifak hakk\u0131yla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz \u2013ki buna hadim ta\u015f\u0131nmaz denir- bu mal\u0131n aynen taksim suretiyle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi halinde irtifak hakk\u0131 taksim edilen par\u00e7alara aynen intikal eder.<\/p>\n

Ancak irtifak hakk\u0131, tesis edilirken bu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n belli bir k\u0131sm\u0131na hasredilmi\u015f ise o zaman irtifak hakk\u0131 yaln\u0131zca o k\u0131s\u0131mda irtifak eder. \u00f6rne\u011fin bir tarlan\u0131n do\u011fusundaki s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 takiben 20 metrelik bir ge\u00e7it hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fsa, taksimde bu irtifak hakk\u0131 ancak o k\u0131s\u0131mda kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2-) Sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesinde yap\u0131lacak i\u015flem :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130rtifak ve intifa hakk\u0131yla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesinde ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal bu irtifak veya intifa hakk\u0131, devam ederek onunla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olarak sat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

18-) \u0130MAR PLANLI TA\u015eINMAZ MALLARIN SATI\u015e YOLUYLA ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130marca \u015fuyuland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu gibi ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallara ait davalar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in meydana getirilen imar durumunun tapuya tesciline gerek yoktur. Bu i\u015flem yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce de dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Ancak duru\u015fman\u0131n devam\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda imar durumunun tescili i\u00e7in ilgililere s\u00fcre verilmesi ve karardan \u00f6nce bunun ikmal edilmesi \u015fartt\u0131r. \u0130mar plan\u0131n\u0131n iptali i\u00e7in<\/p>\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019a dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa \u00f6n mesele olarak davan\u0131n sonucunun beklenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Bu davalarda imar m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden imar \u00e7ap\u0131 tapu memurlu\u011fundan tapu kayd\u0131 getirildikten ve bu kayda g\u00f6re taraf te\u015fkili yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bunlar\u0131n mahalline uygulanmas\u0131, k\u0131ymet tayini ve sat\u0131\u015f bedelinden payda\u015flara d\u00fc\u015fecek miktar\u0131n % olarak tespiti bak\u0131m\u0131ndan uzman bilirki\u015filer marifetiyle ke\u015fif yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bilirki\u015filer ke\u015fifte :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

* <\/strong>Tapu kayd\u0131 ve \u00e7ap \u00f6rne\u011finin dava konusu yere uyup uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131,
\n* <\/strong>Arazinin \u00fczerindeki a\u011fa\u00e7, bina ve tesislerin de\u011ferlerini ve bunlar\u0131n kimlere ait oldu\u011funu,
\n* <\/strong>Bu k\u0131ymetler esas al\u0131narak paylar\u0131na g\u00f6re sat\u0131\u015f bedelinden her bir payda\u015fa isabet edecek de\u011ferin % oran\u0131yla tespitini yapacaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130mar parselini te\u015fkil eden kadastro parsellerine mevkilerine g\u00f6re ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011fer takdir edilerek her birinin imar plan\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm de\u011ferine g\u00f6re oran\u0131 bulunup, ona g\u00f6re payda\u015flara sat\u0131\u015ftan d\u00fc\u015fecek bedelin % oran\u0131 ile tespiti gerekir. \u0130mar parselindeki paylar, onu te\u015fkil eden kadastro parsellerinin yeri ve \u00f6nemi esas al\u0131narak tespit edilmi\u015fse, o zaman ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca k\u0131ymetlendirmeye gerek olmay\u0131p tapudaki pay oran\u0131na g\u00f6re sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin tevzii gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u0130mar parselini te\u015fkil eden zemine ve \u00fczerindeki tesislere ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 k\u0131ymet takdiri ile bunlar\u0131n t\u00fcm imar plan\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferine g\u00f6re oran\u0131 bulunup payda\u015flar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015ftan alaca\u011f\u0131 bedelin % oran\u0131 ile tespiti gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u0130mar parsellerindeki ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n,imar kanununa g\u00f6re taksim suretiyle de\u011fil sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla giderilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

19-) ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVALARINDA HAR\u00c7 VE MASRAFLAR :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda masraflar paylar oran\u0131nda taraflara y\u00fckletilir.<\/p>\n

Bu davada taraf vekillerine maktu vekalet \u00fccretine h\u00fckmedilir.<\/p>\n

Kayy\u0131mla takip edilen davalarda, kayy\u0131ma \u00fccret takdir edilmez.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131nda maktu har\u00e7 al\u0131n\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131maz mallar\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi davalar\u0131nda ise ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n de\u011feri \u00fczerinden %0(binde)5 nisbi har\u00e7 al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

20-) ORTAKLI\u011eIN G\u0130DER\u0130LMES\u0130 DAVALARI SONUCU VER\u0130LEN KARARLARIN \u0130NFAZI :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1-) TAKS\u0130ME A\u0130T KARARLARIN \u0130NFAZI :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Taksim konusu ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r malsa mahkemece taksim edilip, taksim an\u0131nda zilyetlik de devredilmi\u015fse ilam kendili\u011finden infaz edilmi\u015f demektir.<\/p>\n

Taksim konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malsa hakim, taraflardan taksim projesi isteyecek, taraflar bu projeyi vermez veya projede anla\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerlerse, hakim, bilirki\u015filere taksim projesi yapt\u0131racak, projeye itirazlar varsa bu itirazlar\u0131 halledecek onay makam\u0131n\u0131n bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc alacak, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olumlu ise kesinle\u015fen projeyi esas alarak taksimi arazide fiilen kendisi yapacakt\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131r i\u015faretleri koydurarak araziyi proje uyar\u0131nca paylara ay\u0131racak, paylar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda anla\u015fma olmazsa kura \u00e7ekmek suretiyle hangi pay\u0131n hangi payda\u015fa ait olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit edecek ve bu hususu karar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtecektir.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak taksim karar\u0131n\u0131n infaz\u0131 icra memuruna b\u0131rak\u0131lmay\u0131p nihai karardan \u00f6nce hakim taraf\u0131ndan fiilen yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu ilama dayanarak, isteyen taraf ilama ekli proje ile birlikte tapuya ba\u015fvurarak taksimde kendisine isabet eden k\u0131sm\u0131n m\u00fcstakil tapusunu alma hakk\u0131n\u0131 haizdir.<\/p>\n

Bu karara ra\u011fmen payda\u015flardan birinin di\u011ferinin pay\u0131na m\u00fcdahalesi olursa, ilam kesinle\u015ftikten sonra pay\u0131na m\u00fcdahale edilen taraf, ilam\u0131 icraya koyarak pay\u0131na el atan payda\u015f\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesinin \u00f6nlenmesini isteyebilir.<\/p>\n

TAKS\u0130M\u0130N FESH\u0130 :<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Mahkemenin taksime ait karar\u0131, kesinle\u015ftikten sonra, taraflarca iptali istenemez. Ancak \u015fartlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde yarg\u0131laman\u0131n iadesi talep edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Payda\u015flarca yap\u0131lan r\u0131zai taksimde ise taksim s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u2013 di\u011fer s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler gibi \u2013 belli sebeplerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde feshi istenebilir.<\/p>\n

Bu sebepler :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1- Hata,<\/p>\n

2- Hile,<\/p>\n

3- \u0130krah,<\/p>\n

4- Gabin,<\/p>\n

5- Ehliyetsizlik halleridir.<\/p>\n

SATI\u015eA A\u0130T KARARLARIN \u0130NFAZI:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesince ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla giderilmesine dair verilen karar kesinle\u015fmedik\u00e7e infaz olunamaz.<\/p>\n

( HUMK. md.443,f:son uyar\u0131nca, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallara ait ilamlar kesinle\u015fmedik\u00e7e icra ve infaz edilemez. )<\/em><\/p>\n

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