{"id":1921,"date":"2016-05-23T01:21:13","date_gmt":"2016-05-22T22:21:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/?p=1921"},"modified":"2024-03-24T15:33:31","modified_gmt":"2024-03-24T12:33:31","slug":"banka-ve-diger-kredi-kurumlarinin-araci-kilinmasi-suretiyle-dolandiricilik-sucu-tck-md-1581-f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/banka-ve-diger-kredi-kurumlarinin-araci-kilinmasi-suretiyle-dolandiricilik-sucu-tck-md-1581-f\/","title":{"rendered":"Banka ve Di\u011fer Kredi Kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n Arac\u0131 K\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 Suretiyle Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k Su\u00e7u ( TCK Md. 158\/1-f )"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Banka ve Di\u011fer Kredi Kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n Arac\u0131 K\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131\u00a0\u00a0Suretiyle Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Uygulamal\u0131 \u00d6rnekler ve A\u00e7\u0131klamalar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Banka ya da kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilmesi\u00a0i\u00e7in, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k fiili ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirken bankalar\u0131n ola\u011fan faaliyetlerinden hileli ara\u00e7lar kullan\u0131larak yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve 3. ki\u015filerin zarar\u0131na haks\u0131z bir \u00e7\u0131kar elde edilmesi ya da banka ve kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ola\u011fan faaliyetleri nedeniyle \u00fcretmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131n su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131larak haks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n elde edilmesi gerekir. Bu anlamda \u00f6rne\u011fin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan bankan\u0131n verdi\u011fi \u00e7ekin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bu nitelikli halinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n

Banka<\/strong><\/span>, mevduat kabul eden, bu mevduat\u0131 en verimli \u015fekilde \u00e7e\u015fitli kredi i\u015flemlerinde kullanmak amac\u0131m g\u00fcden veya faaliyetlerinin esas konusu d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde kredi almak ya da kredi vermek olan ekonomik bir kurulu\u015ftur. Di\u011fer bir tan\u0131m olarak banka, para, kredi ve sermaye konular\u0131na giren her \u00e7e\u015fit i\u015flemleri yapan ve d\u00fczenleyen, \u00f6zel veya kamusal ki\u015filerle i\u015fletmelerin bu alandaki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131m kar\u015f\u0131lama faaliyetlerinde bulunan bir ekonomik birimdir. En basit tan\u0131m\u0131m ise \u015f\u00f6yle yapabiliriz, bankalar faizle para al\u0131p veren, kredi, iskonto, kambiyo i\u015flemleri yapan, kasalar\u0131nda para, de\u011ferli belge, e\u015fya saklayan ve bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki di\u011fer ekonomik etkinliklerde bulunan kurulu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu 21\/10\/2014 tarihli ve 2014\/15-53 Esas, 2014\/437 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda,<\/span> banka arac\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131narak doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir… \u00d6zel Daire ile yerel mahkeme aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan ve Ceza Genel Kurulunca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gereken uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemlerinin ‘”banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu mu, yoksa “basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k”<\/strong> <\/span>su\u00e7unu mu olu\u015fturdu\u011funun belirlenmesine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ncelenen dosya kapsam\u0131ndan, 29.07.1995 tarihinden, istifa etti\u011fi 08,10.2004 tarihine kadar … Bankas\u0131’n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fubelerinde i\u015flem yetkilisi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n istifa ettikten sonra bankan\u0131n herhangi bir biriminde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam etti\u011fi izlenimini vererek bankada sadece \u00f6zel m\u00fc\u015fterilere ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey banka y\u00f6neticilerine mahsus “referans hesap” isimli y\u00fcksek faiz getirisi veren gizli-\u00f6zel bir hesab\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyip deneme ama\u00e7l\u0131 verilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktardaki paralara k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede y\u00fcksek tutarl\u0131 faiz \u00f6deyerek \u00f6nce yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131ndan, daha sonra da onlar\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki ki\u015filerden y\u00fcksek faiz \u00f6deme vaadiyle para toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu suretle gelen paralarla giden paralar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 esas\u0131na dayal\u0131 kurdu\u011fu sistem dahilinde 2005 y\u0131l\u0131 … ile Temmuz aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ye\u011feni olan ve ayn\u0131 su\u00e7tan hakk\u0131nda beraat karan verilen san\u0131k A.\u00d6.’n\u00fcn i\u015f arkada\u015flar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131 olan kat\u0131lanlardan toplam 247.400 TL, halas\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu olan ma\u011fdur A.I\/dan 07.03.2005 ila 14.10.2005 tarihleri aras\u0131nda toplam 1.317.725 TL, ablas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 E.T.’nin ni\u015fanl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n annesi olan kat\u0131lan S.D\/den 12.08.2005-05.08.2005 ve 14.09.2005 tarihlerinde toplam 72.000 TL; A.O\/nun kay\u0131n pederi kat\u0131lan H.G\/den de en son 12.04.2006 tarihinde olmak \u00fczere toplam 850.000 TL para ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, paralar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun san\u0131\u011fa elden teslim edildi\u011fi, bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ise EFT veya havale yoluyla banka hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/p>\n

Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun bu nitelikli halinin kabul\u00fc ilk defa 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK ile olmam\u0131\u015f, 765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 504\/3. maddesinde de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n vas\u0131ta olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle i\u015flenmesi cezay\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131ran bir neden olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bu a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 neden 765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’ya 21.11.1990 g\u00fcnl\u00fc Resmi Gazetede yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 3679 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 16. maddesiyle eklenmi\u015f, de\u011fi\u015fiklik gerek\u00e7esinde de; “Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k fiilin…banka veya kredi kurumunun…vas\u0131ta olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle i\u015flenmesi halinde kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 niteli\u011fi fazla olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, bu durum nitelikli hal olarak kabul edilmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r” a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere gerek 765 gerekse 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kanun koyucu banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131na duyulan g\u00fcven nedeniyle, bunlar arac\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131narak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen eylemlerde., hilenin daha kolay ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi, bankaya duyulan g\u00fcvenden ma\u011fdur ya da ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma e\u011filiminin azalmas\u0131 ya da t\u00fcm\u00fc ile ortadan kalkmas\u0131 nedeniyle eylemlerin aldat\u0131c\u0131 niteliklerini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne alarak nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak d\u00fczenlemi\u015f ve daha a\u011f\u0131r bir yapt\u0131r\u0131ma t\u00e2bi tutmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilmesi i\u00e7in, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k fiili ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirken banka veya di\u011fer kredi kurumunun mutat faaliyetlerinden ya da bu faaliyeti y\u00fcr\u00fcten s\u00fcjelerinden yararland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da banka ve kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n mutat faaliyetleri nedeniyle \u00fcretmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131n su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Banka ve di\u011fer kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ola\u011fan faaliyet konulan 5411 say\u0131l\u0131 Bankac\u0131l\u0131k Kanunu’nun 4. maddesinde say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup bunlara; mevduat kabul etmek, kredi vermek, \u00e7ek ve di\u011fer kambiyo senetlerinin i\u015ftiras\u0131 (al\u0131m sat\u0131m\u0131), kredi kartlar\u0131, banka kartlar\u0131 ve seyahat \u00e7ekleri gibi \u00f6deme vas\u0131talar\u0131n\u0131n ihrac\u0131 ve bunlarla ilgili faaliyetlerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u015flemlerini \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6stermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Banka ve di\u011fer kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131 ise; ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en kurumlara ait dekont, teminat mektubu, bas\u0131l\u0131 evrak, kimlik belgesi, giri\u015f kart\u0131, banka c\u00fczdan\u0131, \u00e7ek, kredi kart\u0131 gibi ilgili kurumda etkin i\u015flevi bulunan maddi varl\u0131klard\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lan maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n belge niteli\u011finde bulunmas\u0131 \u015fart olmay\u0131p belge niteli\u011finde olanlar\u0131n da \u00f6zel belge niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131 ile resmi belge niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir fark bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Banka veya kredi kurum unun su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesinden sonra \u00f6deme arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, di\u011fer bir anlat\u0131mla doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k sonucunda elde edilen kazanc\u0131n banka veya kredi kurumuna yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da banka veya kredi kurumu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile failin veya g\u00f6sterece\u011fi ba\u015fka bir \u015fahs\u0131n hesab\u0131na transfer edilmesi, bu nitelikli halin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmeyecektir. Banka veya kredi kurumunun veya personelinin ad\u0131n\u0131n veya \u015f\u00f6hretinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 da banka veya kredi kurumunun doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc i\u00e7in yeterli olmay\u0131p, maddi bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Banka veya kredi kurumu personelinin hileli davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkat edilmesi gereken husus ise, bu ki\u015filerin kurumun mutat bir faaliyeti kapsam\u0131nda ve kurumu temsilen hareket edip etmedikleri, bu \u015fekilde banka ve kredi kurumuna duyulan g\u00fcvenden istifade ile ma\u011fdurun kolayl\u0131kla aldat\u0131l\u0131p aldat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k konusu de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde; bankada i\u015flem yetkilisi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 08.10.2004 tarihinde bankadaki g\u00f6revinden istifa edip ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen halen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta oldu\u011fu izlenimini vererek bankada sadece \u00f6zel m\u00fc\u015fterilere ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey banka y\u00f6neticilerine mahsus “referans hesap” isimli y\u00fcksek faiz getirisi veren gizli-\u00f6zel bir hesab\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyip deneme ama\u00e7l\u0131 verilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktardaki paralara k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede y\u00fcksek tutarl\u0131 faiz \u00f6deyerek kat\u0131lanlardan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu elden teslim edilmek, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise EFT veya havale yoluyla banka hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lmak suretiyle y\u00fcksek faiz \u00f6deme vaadiyle para toplamas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bankan\u0131n mutat bir faaliyeti kapsam\u0131nda bankay\u0131 temsilen hareket etmemesi ve su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bankan\u0131n herhangi bir maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0131rf bankada \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor izleniminin verilmesi, bankan\u0131n ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey banka y\u00f6neticilerinin ad\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ma\u011fdurlardan al\u0131nan paran\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n EFT veya havale yoluyla san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hesab\u0131na transfer edilmesinin banka veya kredi kurumunun doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131* n\u0131n kabul\u00fc i\u00e7in yeterli olmayaca\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemlerinin “banka veya kredi kurumlann\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu de\u011fil “basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. Bununla birlikte su\u00e7un yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan i\u015fleni\u015f bi\u00e7iminin TCK’ran 61. maddesi uyar\u0131nca temel cezan\u0131n belirlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015fma gerek\u00e7esi olarak g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00d6te yandan su\u00e7tan do\u011frudan zarar g\u00f6rmeyen … Bankas\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131lan olarak kabul\u00fc ile lehine vek\u00e2let \u00fccretine h\u00fckmolunmas\u0131 ve zincirleme su\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131rken g\u00fcn para cezas\u0131ndan da art\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin g\u00f6zetilmemesi de kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Bu itibarla, yerel mahkeme direnme h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemlerinin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funun g\u00f6zetilmemesi, su\u00e7tan do\u011frudan do\u011fruya zarar g\u00f6rmeyen … Bankas\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131lan olarak kabul\u00fc ile lehine vek\u00e2let \u00fccretine h\u00fckmolunmas\u0131 ve zincirleme su\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131rken g\u00fcn para cezas\u0131ndan da art\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmemesi isabetsizliklerinden, h\u00fckm\u00fcn yaln\u0131z san\u0131k m\u00fcdafii taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle 1412 say\u0131l\u0131 CMUK’n\u0131n 326\/son maddesi uyarmca cezan\u0131n t\u00fcr ve miktan y\u00f6n\u00fcnden kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hakk\u0131n korunmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla bozulmas\u0131na karar verilmelidir. A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle; … Mahkemesinin 1… g\u00fcn ve 56-174 say\u0131l\u0131 direnme h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemlerinin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funun g\u00f6zetilmemesi, su\u00e7tan do\u011frudan do\u011fruya zarar g\u00f6rmeyen … bankas\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131lan olarak kabul\u00fc ile lehine vek\u00e2let \u00fccretine h\u00fckmolunmas\u0131 ve zincirleme su\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131rken g\u00fcn para cezas\u0131ndan da art\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmemesi isabetsizliklerinden, h\u00fckm\u00fcn yaln\u0131z san\u0131k m\u00fcdafii taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle 1412 say\u0131l\u0131 CMUK’un 5320 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 8. maddesi uyar\u0131na halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan 326\/son maddesi uyar\u0131nca cezan\u0131n t\u00fcr ve miktar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hakk\u0131n korunmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla bozulmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Bu kararla bankan\u0131n su\u00e7tan do\u011frudan do\u011fruya zarar g\u00f6rmemesi nedeniyle sahte \u00e7ek su\u00e7unda kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sahte \u00e7eklerde,<\/strong><\/span> bankan\u0131n kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r, Yarg\u0131tay 15. Ceza Dairesi’nin genel uygulamas\u0131<\/span> da bu y\u00f6ndedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; Dairenin, 12\/U6\/2U14 tarih ve 2014\/1241 Esas ve 2014\/11871 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda,<\/span> kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle bankan\u0131n temyiz talebinin reddine karar verildikten sonra bir \u00fcye muhalefetinde \u015fu gerek\u00e7eyle karara kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u015e\u00f6yle ki ilgili muhalefet \u015ferhinde; say\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funluk ile aram\u0131zdaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k, bankaya ibraz edilerek tahsil edilmek istenen sahte \u00e7ek ile ilgili olarak a\u00e7\u0131lan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k davas\u0131nda, ilgili bankan\u0131n davaya kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’nun “kamu davas\u0131na kat\u0131lma” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 237\/1. maddesi “ma\u011fdur, su\u00e7tan zarar g\u00f6ren ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filer ile malen sorumlu olanlar, ilk derece mahkemesindeki kovu\u015fturma evresinin her a\u015famas\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm verilinceye kadar \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirerek kamu davas\u0131na kat\u0131labilirler.” \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu yasal d\u00fczenleme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda su\u00e7tan zarar g\u00f6renlerin davaya kat\u0131lma haklan oldu\u011fu konusunda bir teredd\u00fct bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Burada \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gereken sorun sahte \u00e7ek ile bankadan tahsilat yap\u0131lmak istenmesi halinde ma\u011fdur ve su\u00e7tan zarar g\u00f6renlerin belirlenmesidir. Sahte \u00e7eki hakl\u0131 nedenle elinde bulunduran, yani para yerine ba\u015fkas\u0131ndan \u00e7ek alan ve bunu bankaya ibraz eden hamilin ma\u011fdur oldu\u011fu konusunda teredd\u00fct bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak bankan\u0131n bu su\u00e7tan zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcp g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi konusu uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. 5941 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ek Kanunu<\/strong><\/em>‘nun 3. Maddesine g\u00f6re muhatap banka, ibraz eden d\u00fczenleyici d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki hamile, s\u00fcresinde ibraz edilen ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmayan her \u00e7ek yapra\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 1000 liraya kadar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. M\u00fclga \u00e7ek yasas\u0131nda da benzer d\u00fczenleme mevcut olup, sadece bankan\u0131n \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu miktar de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Gerek eski \u00e7ek kanunlar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, gerekse mevcut 5941 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ek Kanunu d\u00f6neminde i\u015flenmi\u015f olsun bu t\u00fcr su\u00e7larda, banka \u015fubesi ibraz edilen \u00e7ekin sahte oldu\u011funu anlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde Kanun’un emretti\u011fi asgari \u00f6deme tutar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eki ibraz edene \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. B\u00f6yle bir durumda bankan\u0131n zarar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilmeyecek midir? Bankan\u0131n sahteli\u011fi tespit etmesi \u00fczerine \u00f6deme yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle zarar do\u011fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk bak\u0131\u015fta makul bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gibi g\u00f6z\u00fckse de; bu konu sahte \u00e7ekin i\u011ffal kabiliyetini haiz olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0konusuyla alakal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi takdirde sahte \u00e7ekin, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ma\u011fdur taraf\u0131ndan sahteli\u011finin belirlenmesi durumunda da zarar do\u011fma-maktad\u0131r. Ancak su\u00e7a te\u015febb\u00fcs vard\u0131n Su\u00e7a te\u015febb\u00fcste, zarar do\u011fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle davayla kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 do\u011fmayacak m\u0131d\u0131r? Malum dur ki, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa te\u015febb\u00fcs su\u00e7lar\u0131nda ma\u011fdurun do\u011frudan zarar g\u00f6rme ihtimali bulundu\u011fundan su\u00e7 olu\u015fur. Bankada da durum b\u00f6yledir. Zarar do\u011fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama zarar tehlikesi do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Kald\u0131 ki, baz\u0131 durumlarda arada ba\u015fka bir ma\u011fdur bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, sahte \u00e7ek ile do\u011frudan banka doland\u0131r\u0131lmak istenmektedir. B\u00f6yle bir durumda su\u00e7un ma\u011fduru banka olaca\u011f\u0131ndan davaya kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 evleviyetle olacakt\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak somut olayda \u00e7ekin sahte oldu\u011funun belirlenerek \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 bankan\u0131n zarar g\u00f6ren olarak kabul edilmesine engel de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle davan\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi gerekti\u011finden say\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun ret kararma kat\u0131lmamaktay\u0131m, diyerek bankan\u0131n kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu savunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bankan\u0131n arac\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u ile ilgili uygulamadaki \u00f6nemli noktalara bak\u0131lacak olursa;<\/p>\n

\n

Banka veya di\u011fer kredi kuramlar\u0131n\u0131n arac\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k\u00a0eyleminde, bankan\u0131n ve di\u011fer kredi kuramlar\u0131n\u0131n bir maddi i varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n su\u00e7ta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur. Hilenin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra paran\u0131n banka arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6nderilmesi eyleminde, hilenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinde \u00f6deme arac\u0131 durumunda bulunan bankan\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-f maddesi kapsam\u0131nda bankan\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 su\u00e7unun olu\u015fmayacak, ayn\u0131 Kanunun\u00a0157\/1. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015facakt\u0131r<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Sahte n\u00fcfus c\u00fczdan\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n yerine bankadan para \u00e7ekme eyleminde ma\u011fdur, kimli\u011fi kullan\u0131lan ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fidir ve su\u00e7 bankan\u0131n arac\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7udur.<\/p>\n

Sahte \u00e7ek vermek suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k eylemi…<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00c7ek<\/strong> bir bankaya hitaben yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve TTK’da belirtilen h\u00fck\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f, \u00f6deme emri niteli\u011finde olan k\u0131ymetli bir evrakt\u0131r. \u00c7ek de \u00fc\u00e7 taraf bulunur. Ke\u015fideci, \u00e7eki d\u00fczenleyen, muhatap, \u00e7eki \u00f6deyecek banka \u015fubesi, bor\u00e7lu; Hamil, ke\u015fide edilmi\u015f \u00e7eki elinde bulunduran ki\u015fi, alacakl\u0131 ki\u015fidir. Ke\u015fide ise, \u00e7ekin d\u00fczenlenerek imza edilmesi\u00a0ve hamile verilmesi anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ek<\/strong>, hukuki mahiyeti itibariyle bir \u00f6deme arac\u0131d\u0131r. Bir \u00e7ekin ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in mutlaka “\u00c7EK”<\/span><\/strong> kelimesinin bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. E\u011fer \u00e7ek T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden ba\u015fka bir dilde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise o dilde \u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan kelime bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ek kredi arac\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in faiz \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez. \u00a0\u00c7ekin \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lan faiz \u015fart\u0131 yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7ek bankaya ibraz edildi\u011fi zaman e\u011fer bor\u00e7lunun hesab\u0131nda\u00a0\u00a0yeteri kadar para varsa banka taraf\u0131ndan herhangi bir \u015fart konulmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6denmesi gerekir. T\u00fcrkiye de\u00a0\u00a0“\u00f6denecek \u00e7eklerde muhatap ancak bir banka veya \u00f6zel finans kurumu olabilir. \u00c7ekte \u00f6deme yerinin g\u00f6sterilmesi zorunlu de\u011fildir. G\u00f6sterilmedi\u011fi takdirde, muhatab\u0131n ad ve soyad\u0131 yan\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilen yer \u00f6deme yeridir. \u00c7ek \u00fczerinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 tarih ile ger\u00e7ek ke\u015fide g\u00fcn\u00fc birbirine uymuyorsa, \u00e7ek \u00fczerinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 bulunan tarih dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Ke\u015fide g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak g\u00f6sterilen g\u00fcnden \u00f6nce \u00f6denmek i\u00e7in ibraz edilen \u00e7ek, ibraz g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6denir. \u00c7eki d\u00fczenleyene ke\u015fideci denir. \u00c7eki, bankada hesab\u0131 bulunan ve yetkili olan ki\u015fi imzalayabilir. \u0130mza yerine, parmak izi ge\u00e7erli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi m\u00fch\u00fcr de kullan\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ek karnesi isteminde bulunan firma ya da ki\u015filerin mevduat hesaplar\u0131nda yeterli bakiye bulundurmas\u0131, hesap sahibinin ticari ve mali durumunun yeterli ve \u00f6deme ahlak\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. Bankalar\u0131n kendilerine her ba\u015fvuran ki\u015fiye \u00e7ek karnesi verme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yoktur. \u00c7ek karneleri, bankalar taraf\u0131ndan bas\u0131l\u0131r veya bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bankalar, \u00e7ek karnesi verdikleri m\u00fc\u015fterilerinin a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik ve adresleri ile vergi kimlik numaralar\u0131n\u0131 talep ederler.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ek d\u00fczenlenirken zorunlu \u015fekil \u015fartlar\u0131na uyulmas\u0131 gerekir. Yukar\u0131da verilen \u015fekil \u015fartlar\u0131na uyuldu\u011fu takdirde d\u00fczenlemede herhangi bir zorluk ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaz. Ancak \u00f6zellikle rakam yaz\u0131l\u0131rken \u00e7ok dikkat edilmesi gerekir. Uygulamada \u00e7ekler hamiline veya nama yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak d\u00fczenlenebilir. Hamiline yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7eklerde isim belirtilmez. \u00c7ek kimin elinde ise o ki\u015fi \u00e7eki tahsil edebilir. Nama yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7eklerde ise isim belirtilir ve ismi yaz\u0131l\u0131 ki\u015fiden ba\u015fkas\u0131 \u00e7eki tahsil edemez.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ekte ayn\u0131 bonoda oldu\u011fu gibi ciro ile ba\u015fkas\u0131na devredilebilir. Ciro yapan ki\u015fiye ciranta denir. \u0130ki t\u00fcr ciro vard\u0131r: Tam ciroda, \u00e7ekin devredildi\u011fi ki\u015finin ad ve soyad\u0131 ile “\u00f6deyiniz” yaz\u0131larak imzalan\u0131r. \u0130smi yazan ki\u015fiden ba\u015fkas\u0131 tahsil edemez. Beyaz ciroda ise \u0130sim belirtilmeden sadece “\u00f6deyiniz” yaz\u0131l\u0131r ve imzalan\u0131r. \u00c7ek kimin elinde ise tahsil edebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ek g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00f6denir. Buna ayk\u0131r\u0131 herhangi bir kay\u0131t yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ge\u00e7ersizdir. Ke\u015fide g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak g\u00f6sterilen g\u00fcnden \u00f6nce \u00f6denmek i\u00e7in ibraz olunan bir \u00e7ek ibraz g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6denir. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yok ise arkas\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7ek g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00f6denir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ek bir \u00f6deme arac\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebeple, \u00e7eklerde kabul ve vade yoktur. Fakat ke\u015fide ve \u00f6deme yerleri\u00a0dikkate al\u0131narak\u00a0 \u00e7ekler i\u00e7in ibraz s\u00fcreleri belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcreler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u00c7ek, ke\u015fide edildi\u011fi yerde \u00f6denecekse \u00e7ekin \u00fczerinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 muhatap banka \u015fubesi ile ke\u015fide yeri ayn\u0131 ise on g\u00fcn, Ke\u015fide edildi\u011fi yerden ba\u015fka bir yerde \u00f6denecekse, \u00e7ek \u00fczerindeki muhatap banka \u015fubesi ile ke\u015fide yeri farkl\u0131 ise, bir ay i\u00e7inde muhataba ibraz edilmelidir. T\u00fcrkiye’de ke\u015fide edilen \u00e7ek, ba\u015fka bir yerde ve fakat ayn\u0131 k\u0131ta \u00fczerindeki bir \u00fclkede \u00f6denecekse bir ay, (Bir Avrupa \u00fclkesinde \u00e7ekilip de Akdeniz’de sahili bulunan bir \u00fclkede \u00f6denecek olan veya Akdeniz’de sahili bulunan bir \u00fclkede \u00e7ekilip bir Avrupa \u00fclkesinde \u00f6denecek \u00e7ekler, ayn\u0131 k\u0131tada ke\u015fide edilmi\u015f ve \u00f6denmesi \u015fart k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ek say\u0131l\u0131r.) Bir k\u0131tada ke\u015fide edilen \u00e7ek, ba\u015fka bir k\u0131tada \u00f6denecekse \u00fc\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde ibraz edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu s\u00fcreler, \u00e7ekte ke\u015fide g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak g\u00f6sterilen tarihten itibaren i\u015flemeye ba\u015flar. \u00c7ek, bu s\u00fcreler i\u00e7inde ibraz edilmezse, ke\u015fideci \u00e7ekten r\u00fcc\u00fb edebilir. Etmemi\u015fse, muhatap s\u00fcrenin ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6demede bulunabilir. Fakat, ibraz s\u00fcresi ge\u00e7tikten sonra muhatab\u0131n alacakl\u0131ya \u00d6demede bulunma zorunlulu\u011fu yoktur. Bu durumda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n, cirantalara ve ke\u015fideciye de m\u00fcracaat hakk\u0131 yoktur. Ke\u015fide yeri ile \u00f6deme yeri ayr\u0131 k\u0131talarda bulunsa dahi her iki yer \u00fclkesinin Akdeniz’de k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 halinde ibraz s\u00fcresi \u00fc\u00e7 ay de\u011fil, bir ay olarak kabul edilir. Yukar\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcddetler, \u00e7ekte ke\u015fide g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak g\u00f6sterilen tarihten (ke\u015fide g\u00fcn\u00fc hari\u00e7) itibaren ba\u015flar. S\u00fcrenin son g\u00fcn\u00fc tatile rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, s\u00fcre takip eden ilk i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcne kadar uzar. Aradaki tatil g\u00fcnleri s\u00fcre hesab\u0131na dahildir.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de en fazla sahtecilik ve doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alan, sahte \u00e7ek<\/strong><\/span> dosyalar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle bu nitelikteki dosyalar\u0131n ana mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na genel olarak bakmakta bir yarar vard\u0131r. San\u0131k, sahte bir \u00e7eki tanzim edip ma\u011fdura vermekte, ma\u011fdurda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7eke kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak san\u0131\u011fa mal\u0131 teslim etmektedir, daha sonra bankaya ibraz\u0131nda \u00e7ekin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z-ve-sahte oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00d6nceden do\u011fan bor\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ek verilmesi durumunda, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fmaz.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 03\/03\/1998 tarih ve 6\/ 8-69 E. K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda<\/span> da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, \u00f6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in hileli davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunulmas\u0131 halinde, zarar veya bor\u00e7 kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nitelikte davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu do\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak beraat karar\u0131 verilmelidir. \u00d6nceden do\u011fan bor\u00e7 kavram\u0131na k\u0131saca de\u011finecek olursak, \u00f6rne\u011fin san\u0131k, ma\u011fdurdan bir mal al\u0131yor ve paras\u0131n\u0131 bir ay sonra pe\u015fin olarak \u00f6deyece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, ya da san\u0131k ma\u011fdurdan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda senet veriyor, senedin vadesi geldi\u011finde ma\u011fdura \u00f6deme yapm\u0131yor, san\u0131k borcun do\u011fumu a\u015famas\u0131nda ma\u011fdura herhangi bir \u00e7ek vermiyor, bu a\u015famada, mal\u0131n bedelini bir \u015fekilde \u00f6demeyi\u00a0d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor, \u00f6deme yapamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131nca sonradan ma\u011fdura sahte bir \u00e7ek veriyor, art\u0131k burada ma\u011fdurun zarar\u0131, sahte \u00e7ekin verilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda de\u011fil, \u00f6nceki bor\u00e7 ili\u015fkisinin yerine getirilmemesinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ve san\u0131k ba\u015fta doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kast\u0131yla hareket etmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u \u201c olu\u015fmayacak, bu su\u00e7tan beraat karar\u0131 verilecek, ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 halinde resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7undan mahkumiyet karar\u0131 verilecektir.<\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n ya da kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n bu y\u00f6nde bir beyan\u0131 var ise, bu husus mutlaka ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, sahte \u00e7ek dosyalar\u0131nda ifade al\u0131n\u0131rken, \u00e7ekin \u00f6nceden mi sonradan m\u0131 verildi\u011fi mutlaka taraflara sorulmal\u0131, sadece taraflardan biri iddia ediyor, di\u011feri bu iddiay\u0131 kabul etmiyorsa, bu husus mutlaka ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan; kat\u0131lan, san\u0131\u011fa mal verdikten on be\u015f yirmi g\u00fcn sonra san\u0131ktan \u00e7ek ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m belirtmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00f6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in hileli davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunulmas\u0131 halinde, zarar veya bor\u00e7 kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nitelikte davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu do\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eki kat\u0131lana \u00f6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in verip vermedi\u011finin kesin olarak belirlenmesi, bu ticari ili\u015fkiye dair belgelerin, ticari defterlerin, muhasebe kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n getirtilmesi, onayl\u0131 suretlerinin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n, fiilen kimle hangi tarihte al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha \u00f6ncesinde san\u0131kla bir ticari ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, gerekirse bildirilecek tan\u0131klar\u0131n dinlenilmesi, sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumu tayin ve takdir edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n verdi\u011fi \u00e7ekin sahte oldu\u011funu ma\u011fdur biliyorsa doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r, ayr\u0131ca, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sahte olarak imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belir-\u00e7ekin bu \u015fekilde imzalanmas\u0131na ke\u015fideci ya da ciro sahibi ba\u015ftan muvafakat verdi\u011fini belirtmi\u015f ise, ortada ger\u00e7e\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir belgeden bahsedilmeyece\u011finden, resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7u da olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00c7eki alan hamilin, ke\u015fideci ya da ciro sahibinin ifadesi al\u0131n\u0131rken, ke\u015fideciye\u00a0\u00e7ekin imzalanmas\u0131 hususunda san\u0131\u011fa ba\u015ftan muvafakat verip vermedi\u011fi sorulmal\u0131, \u00e7eki alan hamile de, \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada, \u00e7ekin sahte oldu\u011funu bilip bilmedi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde sorulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin; kat\u0131lan\u0131n, su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nce san\u0131k M. ile ticari ili\u015fkisinin bulundu\u011fu, bu ili\u015fki \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, \u015firketin muhasebesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan san\u0131k Y yi, yetkili olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde san\u0131k Y’nin verdi\u011fi bir\u00e7ok \u00e7ekin \u00f6dendi\u011fi, buna ra\u011fmen su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, \u00e7ekin, \u015firket yetkilisi olan san\u0131k M. yerine, yetkisiz olan san\u0131k Y. taraf\u0131ndan imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131k M. nin, bilerek san\u0131k Y ye imza att\u0131rarak, \u00e7ekle ilgili \u00f6deme yapmay\u0131p imza inkar\u0131nda bulunarak kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00a0zarar\u0131na sebebiyet verdi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131klar\u0131n resmi belgede sahtecilik ve nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, \u00f6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir zarar veya do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in hileli davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunulmas\u0131 halinde zarar veya bor\u00e7 kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nitelikteki davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu do\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131, ar\u0131ca san\u0131k M\/nin r\u0131zas\u0131 dahilinde san\u0131k Y’nin \u00e7eki imzalayarak kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi dikkate al\u0131narak resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n da olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak beraat karar\u0131 verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na imza yetkisi bulunmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00e7eki imzalayarak ma\u011fdura vermesi<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131k, \u015firket yetkililerinden biri olarak di\u011fer yetkiliden habersiz bir \u015fekilde \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etti\u011fi, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131nda, sadece bu nedenle ma\u011fdura \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lan icra takibi s\u0131ras\u0131nda da, tek imza at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stererek san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7ersizlik iddias\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu durumlarda su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131yla hareket etti\u011fi kabul edilecektir.<\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n yetkilisi oldu\u011fu \u015firketin di\u011fer orta\u011f\u0131 olan ki\u015fi, san\u0131\u011fa tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7eki imzalamas\u0131 hususunda yetki verdi\u011fini, ba\u015ftan buna muvafakatinin oldu\u011funu bildirmesi durumunda resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7u olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r. Yine ma\u011fdur, ger\u00e7ekte \u00e7ift imza gerekti\u011fini bilmesine ra\u011fmen bunu bilerek \u00e7eki al\u0131rsa, bu durumda doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undaki aldatma \u00f6\u011fesinin bulunmayaca\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u da olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r. San\u0131kla ma\u011fdur aras\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce de bir\u00e7ok kez \u00e7ekle al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6nceden verilen \u00e7ekler de san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan \u015firket ad\u0131na tek imza ile tanzim edilmesine ra\u011fmen bedeli \u00f6denmi\u015f, kat\u0131lan da bu hususta bilgi sahibi ise, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k\u00a0kast\u0131 ile hareket etmedi\u011fi kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7eK\u0130 in yasal unsurlar\u0131 eksikse resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7u yerine \u00f6zel belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7u olu\u015fur, fakat bu unsur eksikli\u011fine ra\u011fmen, eylem yine de TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-f maddesi kapsam\u0131nda kalacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 11\/07\/2014 tarih ve 2013\/15-782 Esas ve 2014\/355 Karar say\u0131l\u0131<\/span> karar\u0131nda da vurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere \u00e7ekin hile unsuru olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n daha a\u011f\u0131r bir cezay\u0131 gerektirmesinin nedeni ma\u011fdura bakan y\u00f6n\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yasal unsurlar\u0131 eksik ya da t\u00fcmden sahte olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir \u00e7ek kullan\u0131larak i\u015flenen doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131nda da, bankan\u0131n bir maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya b\u00f6yle bir maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulundu\u011fu alg\u0131s\u0131 hile olarak kullan\u0131lmakta,\u00a0ma\u011fdur *\u00e7ek e g\u00fcvendi\u011fi i\u00e7in daha kolay aldat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki \u00e7ekin unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n eksik olmas\u0131 bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu olgusunu da de\u011fi\u015ftirmemektedir. Bu nedenle aldatma kabiliyetini haiz olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla \u00e7ekin t\u00fcmden sahte olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 veya unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n eksik olmas\u0131n\u0131n su\u00e7un bu nitelikli halinin olu\u015fumu bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bir \u00f6nemi bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin; ke\u015fide yeri bulunmayan bir \u00e7ekin ma\u011fdura verilmesi durumunda, TCK’nun 158\/1-f ve 207\/1. maddesindeki su\u00e7lar olu\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00c7ekin asl\u0131 hi\u00e7 yoksa sadece fotokopisi varsa, sahtecilik su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bu durumda belgenin aldatma kabiliyetinin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenemeyecektir, ne \u00f6zel belgede sahtecilik ne de resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7u olu\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ek asl\u0131n\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilememesi, nedeniyle \u00e7ek \u00fczerinde bilirki\u015fi incelemesi yapt\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve sahte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilememesi ve onays\u0131z fotokopiden ibaret olan belgenin hukuki sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle beraat karar\u0131 verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ekte bulunmas\u0131 gerekli zorunlu unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu’nun 692. maddesinde “vergi kimlik numaras\u0131n\u0131n” \u00e7eklere yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu unsur olarak g\u00f6sterilmedi\u011fi gibi ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 Hukuk Genel Kurulu’nun 08.06.2005 tarih ve 2005\/12-357 Esas ve 2005\/363 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 ilam\u0131n-da da belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere 4814 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile de\u011fi\u015fik 3167 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ek Hamillerinin Korunmas\u0131 ve \u00c7ekle \u00d6demelerin D\u00fczenlenmesi Hakk\u0131ndaki Kanun’un 3. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin TTK’n\u0131n 692. maddesini de\u011fi\u015ftirir mahiyette olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle su\u00e7a konu zorunlu unsurlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00e7ekin resmi belge niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131narak resmi belgede sahtecilik<\/strong> <\/span>su\u00e7undan mahkumiyet karar\u0131 verilmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fide veri yoksa ya da ke\u015fide verinin neresi oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yorsa\u00a0 \u00e7ek resmi belge say\u0131lmaz<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Kambiyo senetlerinde yap\u0131lan sahtecili\u011fin resmi belgede yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f say\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in ilgili kambiyo senedinin T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu’nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen b\u00fct\u00fcn unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gerekli olup Yarg\u0131tay \u0130BK’n\u0131n 14.12.1992 tarih ve 1\/5 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere 6762 say\u0131l\u0131 TTK’n\u0131n 692\/5. maddesi gere\u011fince \u00e7eklerde bulunmas\u0131 zorunlu olan ke\u015fide yerinin bir duraksamaya meydan vermeyecek bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Somut olayda, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin “G.Z.A.T.P” bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilen ke\u015fide yerinin anla\u015f\u0131labilir bir idari birim ad\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmemesi nedeniyle \u00f6zel belge niteli\u011finde bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek, \u00f6zel belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7undan mahkumiyet karar\u0131 verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00c7eklerde ya da di\u011fer sahte belgelerde aldatma yetene\u011finin takdiri\u00a0Hakime aittir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011fa at\u0131l\u0131 sahtecilik su\u00e7una konu te\u015fkil eden \u00e7ekin asl\u0131n\u0131n dosyaya getirtilerek, yap\u0131lan sahtecilikte aldatma yetene\u011finin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n takdir ve tayininin hakime ait oldu\u011fu da dikkate al\u0131narak, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekin mahkeme heyeti taraf\u0131ndan incelenip \u00f6zelliklerinin zapta ge\u00e7irilmesi, bu \u015fekilde, sahtecilikte aldatma kabiliyeti bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespitinden sonra sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun tayin ve takdiri gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Belgenin aldatma kabiliyeti y\u00f6n\u00fcnden hakim taraf\u0131ndan incelenmesi gerekse de zaten bu hususu da belirtir kriminal raporu al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fsa Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan bu husus tek ba\u015f\u0131na bozma nedeni yap\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sahte \u00e7ekle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lmas\u0131 olaylar\u0131nda soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken baz\u0131 hususlara dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131k, ke\u015fideci yerine sahte imza atarak \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etmi\u015f ve bu \u015fekilde ma\u011fdurdan mal alarak doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fi iddia edilmi\u015f ise, ma\u011fdurun sahtecili\u011fi iddia etmesiyle ba\u015flayan soru\u015fturmada, ma\u011fdurun ifadesi al\u0131narak, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki, kimden, hangi tarihte ve hangi belgelere istinaden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, bu hukuksal ili\u015fkiye dair belgelerin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, ma\u011fdurun yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rnekleri ile mukayeseye elveri\u015fli belge as\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n getirtilmesi, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ek asl\u0131n\u0131n getirtilerek adli emanete al\u0131nmas\u0131, ilgili bankaya yaz\u0131 yaz\u0131larak, \u00e7ekin ke\u015fidecisinin kim oldu\u011fu, ke\u015fidecinin \u015firket olmas\u0131 halinde imzaya yetkili ki\u015filerin kim oldu\u011funun sorulmas\u0131, buna dair imza sirk\u00fcleri ve karar defterinin onayl\u0131 suretinin istenmesi, ke\u015fidecinin de m\u00fc\u015fteki s\u0131fat\u0131yla ifadesinin almayarak, \u00e7ekin sahte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da cirolar\u0131n kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, \u00e7eki kaybetmi\u015f ya da \u00e7\u0131ld\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ise, buna dair dosyalar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p getirtilmesi, onayl\u0131 suretinin bu dosya i\u00e7ine konulmas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ifadesinin al\u0131narak, \u00e7eki, kimden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu ki\u015filerin a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik bilgileri ve adresinin ne oldu\u011fu, \u00e7eki hangi hukuksal ili\u015fkiye dair ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, buna dair belge ya da faturas\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlar\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ki\u015finin bulunmas\u0131 halinde ifadesinin al\u0131narak, san\u0131k ve ilgili di\u011fer ki\u015filerle olan irtibat\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, \u00e7eki kendisinin san\u0131\u011fa verip vermedi\u011fi, ke\u015fideci ve san\u0131kla ne \u015fekilde bir ticari ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu hususlar\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131. \u00e7ekte cirosu bulunan ki\u015filerin dinlenerek san\u0131k, ma\u011fdur ve di\u011fer cirantalarla olan hukuksal ili\u015fkilerinin sorulmas\u0131, \u00e7ekin \u00f6nceden do\u011fan bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in verilip verilmedi\u011finin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ticari ili\u015fkilere dair belgelerin getirtilmesi, onayl\u0131 suretlerinin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, san\u0131k, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi ki\u015fi, ke\u015fideci, hamil ve di\u011fer cirantalar\u0131n yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rnekleri ile mukayeseye elveri\u015fli belge as\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n getirtilerek \u00e7ek asl\u0131 ile birlikte kriminale g\u00f6nderilmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, \u00e7ekin duru\u015fmaya getirtilerek, unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n tam olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenerek \u00e7ekin ne \u015fekilde sahte oldu\u011funun kesin olarak belirlenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

\n

Baz\u0131 durumlarda, san\u0131k ke\u015fideci yerine imza atmaz, fakat cirantalardan biri yerine sahte imza atarak \u00e7eki ma\u011fdura verip mal almak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fler. Bu durumda, ke\u015fidecinin ifadesi al\u0131narak, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eki ciranta ya da san\u0131\u011fa verip vermedi\u011fi, \u00e7ekin ne \u015fekilde elinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorulur. Ciranta olarak ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ki\u015finin de m\u00fc\u015fteki s\u0131fat\u0131yla dinlenerek \u00e7ekteki imzan\u0131n kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ke\u015fideci, san\u0131k ve hamille ne \u015fekilde bir ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 bulundu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, buna dair belgelerin dosyaya konulmas\u0131 istenir. Ciroda sahtecilik denen bu durumlarda da, san\u0131k, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m belirtti\u011fi ki\u015fi, ciranta, ke\u015fideci, hamil ve di\u011fer cirantalar\u0131n yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rnekleri ile mukayeseye elveri\u015fli belge as\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n getirtilerek \u00e7ek asl\u0131 ile birlikte kriminale g\u00f6nderilmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

San\u0131k, ke\u015fideci olarak \u00e7eki d\u00fczenlemesine ve ma\u011fdura vermesine ra\u011fmen, bazen, \u00e7ekin elinden r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eder. \u015eirket yetkilisi ve \u00e7ek ke\u015fidecisi olan bu san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte bu \u00e7ekleri d\u00fczenledi\u011fi ve \u00e7ekleri ba\u015fkas\u0131na imzalat\u0131p dola\u015f\u0131ma koymas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 vermek suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131m i\u015fledi\u011fi iddia edilmi\u015f ise;<\/p>\n

Bu durumda; su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin ke\u015fideci ve cirantalar\u0131na ait ticaret sicili kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n getirtilerek su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nce ve sonras\u0131nda \u015firket yetkililerinin kim oldu\u011funun belirlenmesi ve su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eklerin ke\u015fideci taraf\u0131ndan hangi ticaret ili\u015fkisi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde cirantalara veya hamillere verildi\u011finin belirlenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u00e7eklerin verilmesine esas fatura, irsaliye, defter kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ile di\u011fer bilgi ve belgelerin getirtilip incelenmesi, onayl\u0131 suretlerinin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn ke\u015fideci \u015firket yetkililerinin ifadelerinin al\u0131narak, \u00e7ekin hangi tarihte, hangi ili\u015fkiye istinaden verildi\u011fi ve \u00e7eklerin imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte kimin yetkili oldu\u011fu hususlar\u0131n\u0131n kesin olarak belirlenmesi, ilgili bankalara yaz\u0131 yaz\u0131larak \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131n\u0131n hangi tarihte kim taraf\u0131ndan hangi gerek\u00e7eyle verildi\u011finin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, ilgili kay\u0131tlar\u0131n ve varsa soru\u015fturma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n getirtilip incelenmesi, san\u0131k, \u015firket yetkilisi g\u00f6revinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise, bu g\u00f6revin sona ermesinden \u00f6nce ileri tarihli \u00e7ek d\u00fczenleyip d\u00fczenlemedi\u011finin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, buna dair kay\u0131tlar\u0131n getirtilmesi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eklerle ilgili olarak yaz\u0131 ve imza inkar\u0131nda bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi, san\u0131\u011fa ait \u015firketin di\u011fer ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131yla ifadelerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131, ilgili icra ve dava dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n onayl\u0131 suretlerinin getirtilmesi, b\u00fct\u00fcn delillerin toplanmas\u0131ndan sonra, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hangi tarihte \u015firket yetkilisi oldu\u011fu, \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131n\u0131n kim taraf\u0131ndan konuldu\u011fu, \u00e7eklerin kim taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenip hangi tarihte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, ileri tarihli \u00e7ek d\u00fczenlenip d\u00fczenlenmedi\u011fi ve su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131yla hareket edilip etmedi\u011finin karar yerinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayin edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak icra takiplerini ve soru\u015fturmalar\u0131 sonu\u00e7suz b\u0131rakmak amac\u0131yla kendisine ait olan resmi belge niteli\u011findeki \u00e7ekleri bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na doldurtarak ve kendisi yerine bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na imzalatarak kullan\u0131p haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmek suretiyle zincirleme nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve zincirleme resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edilmi\u015f ise ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kendisine ait \u00e7ek ko\u00e7anlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nce kollu\u011fa m\u00fcracaat etti\u011fini, s\u00f6z konusu soru\u015fturman\u0131n halen devam etti\u011fini, ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ek bedellerinin \u00f6denmemesi i\u00e7in su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nce bankaya da m\u00fcracaat etti\u011fini belirtmekle, ilgili soru\u015fturma dosyas\u0131n\u0131n getirtilip incelenerek onayl\u0131 suretinin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, ger\u00e7ekte b\u00f6yle bir h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k olay\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131lan bir kamu davas\u0131 bulunuyor ise, birle\u015ftirme hususunun de\u011ferlendirilmesi, ilgili bankaya yaz\u0131 yaz\u0131larak, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nce s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eklerin \u00f6denmemesi i\u00e7in bir talimat\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, ilgili belgelerin istenerek dosyaya konulmas\u0131, kat\u0131lan \u015firket yetkilileri, san\u0131k ile san\u0131\u011fa ait \u015firketin di\u011fer yetkililerinin yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rneklerinin usul\u00fcne uygun olarak al\u0131narak, mukayeseye elveri\u015fli belge as\u0131llar\u0131yla birlikte kriminale g\u00f6nderilerek, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ile imzan\u0131n kime ait oldu\u011funun kesin olarak belirlenmesi, dosya i\u00e7inde bulunan ve kat\u0131lan \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan ibraz edilen faturalara g\u00f6re, belirtilen tutarlarda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015firketine mal sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmekle, s\u00f6z konusu al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f ili\u015fkisine dair san\u0131k ve kat\u0131lan\u0131n ticari defterleri, muhasebe kay\u0131tlar\u0131, teslim fi\u015fleri, kantar kay\u0131tlar\u0131, sevk irsaliyeleri ile t\u00fcm belgelerin getirtilerek dosyaya konulmas\u0131, ayr\u0131ca san\u0131kla kat\u0131lan aras\u0131nda, su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nce bir\u00e7ok al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmekle, s\u00f6z konusu al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fe dair bilgi ve belgelerin de istenerek dosyaya konulmas\u0131, buna g\u00f6re, b\u00fct\u00fcn delillerin toplanmas\u0131ndan sonra, \u00e7ekin verilmesine esas olan mallar\u0131n kime, hangi tarihte teslim edildi\u011fi, faturalar alt\u0131nda teslim eden ve teslim alan ki\u015filerin imzalar\u0131n\u0131n da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak, s\u00f6z konusu faturalar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, fatura ve \u00e7eklere esas mallar\u0131n \u015firket kay\u0131tlar\u0131na i\u015flenip i\u015flenmedi\u011fi, belirtilen tarihlerde san\u0131kla kat\u0131lan aras\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir ticari ili\u015fki bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, fatura veya \u00e7eklerin her iki \u015firket kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcp g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi\u011fi hususlar\u0131nda denetime elveri\u015fli bilirki\u015fi raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131, san\u0131k ve kat\u0131lan firmada mallar\u0131n teslimiyle ilgilenen ki\u015filerin tan\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131yla dinlenmesi ile san\u0131kla kat\u0131lan aras\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fkinin boyutu ve s\u00fcresi de dikkate almayarak, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da karar yerinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra sonucuna g\u00f6re karar verilmesi gerekecektir.<\/p>\n

Su\u00e7 kast\u0131 olmadan \u00f6demeden men yasa\u011f\u0131 konulmas\u0131nda doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fmaz.<\/strong> <\/span>San\u0131k ger\u00e7ekte \u00e7eki kaybetmi\u015f ya da \u00e7ald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ise ve bu a\u015famadan sonrada \u00f6demeden men yasa\u011f\u0131 koydurmu\u015f ise bu durumda hukuksal hakk\u0131m kullanan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat etmesi gerekir. Bu nitelikteki dosyalarda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131 ile hareket edip etmedi\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve karar yerinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 i\u015fyerini kullanan ve karde\u015f olan san\u0131klardan \u0130’nin, N’ye ait bo\u015f \u00e7eki bizzat doldurarak alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00e7elik kap\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi, daha sonra \u00e7ek bedeli \u00f6denmedi\u011finde yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, \u00e7eki veren ki\u015finin N. olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131klar\u0131n eylem ve fikir birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket etmek suretiyle \u00e7ekin ke\u015fidecisinden ba\u015fkas\u0131na imzalat\u0131larak kat\u0131lana verilmek suretiyle resmi belgede sahtecilik ve nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edilmi\u015f ise,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

San\u0131k \u0130’nin, karde\u015finin \u00f6nceden verdi\u011fi r\u0131zaya dayal\u0131 olarak imzalay\u0131p kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi \u00e7ekin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 nedeniyle<\/strong><\/span> kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u015fikayet\u00e7i oldu\u011fu, san\u0131klar\u0131n, kat\u0131lana, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekle birlikte iki adet daha \u00e7ek verdiklerini, bu iki \u00e7ekin \u00f6denerek geriye al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin de, mallar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n eksik gelmesi nedeniyle tam olarak \u00f6denmedi\u011fini, bu \u00e7eke mahsuben 1.000 TL banka arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile 1.250 TL de elden kat\u0131lana verildi\u011fini belirttikleri dikkate al\u0131narak, kat\u0131lan ve san\u0131klar\u0131n aralar\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fkiye dair ticari defter, bilgisayar ve muhasebe kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ile di\u011fer t\u00fcm belgeler ile bahse konu \u00f6dendi\u011fi belirtilen di\u011fer \u00e7eklerin getirtilerek incelenmesi, onayl\u0131 suretlerinin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, san\u0131klarla kat\u0131lan aras\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fkinin, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekten ibaret olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve san\u0131klar\u0131n, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re eksik mal teslim edilmesi nedeniyle mi kal ilana \u00f6deme yapmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n yeniden ifadesinin al\u0131narak, san\u0131k \u0130’nin, di\u011fer san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yerine imza att\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilip bilmedi\u011finin sorulmas\u0131, fatura ve irsaliyelerin getirtilerek, \u00e7eke konu al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte fatura veya irsaliyenin kimin ad\u0131na d\u00fczenlendi\u011finin tespit edilmesi, kat\u0131lan, borcun \u00f6denmemesi \u00fczerine san\u0131klar aleyhine icra takibi ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmekle, s\u00f6z konusu icra dosyas\u0131n\u0131n getirtilmesi, onayl\u0131 suretlerinin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, san\u0131klar\u0131n imza inkar\u0131nda bulunup bulunmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi ve \u00f6demeye dair belgelerin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, san\u0131klar\u0131n bu \u015fekilde su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131yla hareket edip etmediklerinin karar yerinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131larak sonucuna g\u00f6re hukuki durumlar\u0131n\u0131n tayin ve takdir edilmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n

Ke\u015fideci ma\u011fdurun, \u00e7ekin ikiz \u00e7ek oldu\u011funu, asl\u0131n\u0131n elinde oldu\u011funu, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin sonradan tamamen sahte olarak \u00fcretildi\u011fini belirtmesi halinde;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin ikiz \u00e7ek niteli\u011finde ve sahte oldu\u011fu-iddia edilmekle, \u00f6ncelikle ilgili bankaya yaz\u0131 yaz\u0131larak \u00e7ekin ger\u00e7ekte sahte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ekin orijinalinin nerede oldu\u011funun sorulmas\u0131, san\u0131k, kat\u0131lan Bayram ve ke\u015fideci \u015firket yetkililerinin yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rneklerinin almayarak, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ek asl\u0131 ve mukayeseye elveri\u015fli belge as\u0131llar\u0131yla birlikte kriminale g\u00f6nderilerek \u00e7ekin sahte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n kime ait oldu\u011funun kesin olarak belirlenmesi, ayr\u0131ca resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7una konu te\u015fkil eden \u00e7ekin asl\u0131n\u0131n dosyaya getirtilerek, yap\u0131lan sahtecilikte aldatma yetene\u011finin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n takdir ve tayininin hakime ait oldu\u011fu da dikkate almayarak, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekin mahkeme heyeti taraf\u0131ndan incelenip \u00f6zelliklerinin zapta ge\u00e7irilmesi, bu \u015fekilde, sahtecilikte aldatma kabiliyeti bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti ile b\u00fct\u00fcn delillerin toplanmas\u0131ndan sonra sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun tayin ve takdir edilmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n

San\u0131k, su\u00e7a konu sahte \u00e7eki x ki\u015fiden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsa veya bu ki\u015fiden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair fatura ibraz ediyorsa bu iddia ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde tespiti bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin arkas\u0131nda, san\u0131ktan \u00f6nce ba\u015fka cirolar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7eki bu ki\u015filerden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmesi halinde, ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ki\u015filerin ger\u00e7ek olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, b\u00f6yle ki\u015filer var ise, a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik bilgileri ve adreslerinin tespit edilerek bilgi sahibi s\u0131fat\u0131yla beyanlar\u0131na ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin ne \u015fekilde ellerine ge\u00e7ti\u011fi, kimden ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, bu ki\u015filerin san\u0131kla ilgilerinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rneklerinin al\u0131narak \u00e7ekteki ciro ve ke\u015fideci imzalar\u0131n\u0131n veya di\u011fer yaz\u0131lar\u0131n kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ekspertiz raporu ile kesin olarak belirlenmesi, aralar\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fkiye dair makbuz, dekont ve fatura gibi belgelerin dosyaya konulmas\u0131ndan sonra toplanan deliller bir b\u00fct\u00fcn ” h\u00e2linde de\u011ferlendirilerek sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumu de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

-TCK 158\/1-f maddesini tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6revi, \u00fcst dereceli a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesine aittir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, har\u00e7 bedelini \u00f6demek amac\u0131yla kat\u0131lan .. Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na su\u00e7a konu iki adet sahte d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f \u00e7eki teslim etmek suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia ve kabul edilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, bankan\u0131n maddi unsuru olan \u00e7ekin su\u00e7ta kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak, eylemin su\u00e7 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-f maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen “Bili\u015fim sistemlerinin, banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delillerin takdirinin \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi’ne ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi yerine, yarg\u0131lamaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 27\/10\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/12827 Esas, 2014\/17387 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 28.12.2004 g\u00fcn ve 2004\/173-228 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda<\/em> <\/span>da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olan \u00e7eki kullanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia olunmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; eylemin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-f maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen “bankan\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delillerin takdirinin \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilip g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken, yarg\u0131lamaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/10\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/13123 Esas, 2014\/17449 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-Sahte \u00e7ekle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lmas\u0131 eyleminde, su\u00e7tan zarar g\u00f6rmeyen bankan\u0131n kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011fa y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7 nedeniyle, do\u011frudan zarar g\u00f6rmeyen …. Bankas\u0131 A.\u015e\/nin kamu davas\u0131na kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve usuls\u00fcz verilmesinden dolay\u0131 hukuken ge\u00e7ersiz olan kat\u0131lma karar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fckm\u00fc temyiz etme yetkisi vermeyece\u011fi dikkate al\u0131narak, vaki temyiz isteminin 5320 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 8\/1. maddesi gere\u011fince uygulanmas\u0131 gereken 1412 say\u0131l\u0131 CMUK’n\u0131n 317. maddesi uyar\u0131nca REDD\u0130NE, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 25\/11\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/16942 Esas, 2014\/19652 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011fa y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7tan do\u011frudan do\u011fruya zarar g\u00f6rmeyen bankan\u0131n kamu davas\u0131na kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve usuls\u00fcz verildi\u011finden dolay\u0131 hukuken ge\u00e7ersiz olan m\u00fcdahillik karar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fckm\u00fc temyiz etme hakk\u0131 vermeyece\u011finden, \u015fikayet\u00e7i banka ad\u0131na\u00a0vekilinin 20.02.2013 havale tarihli dilek\u00e7esiyle vaki temyiz isteminin\u00a05320 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un\u00a08\/1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca uygulanmas\u0131 gereken 1412 say\u0131l\u0131 CMUK’ un 317. maddesi uyar\u0131nca REDD\u0130NE, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 25\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/20438 Esas 2014\/22141 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n sahte n\u00fcfus c\u00fczdan\u0131 ile sahte noter vekaletnamesi verip, vekaletname ile bankadan ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait para \u00e7ekmesi eyleminde; TCK’n\u0131n 204\/1-3,43,158\/1-f maddeleri uygulanacakt\u0131r,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sahte belgelerle ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n paras\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekme olay\u0131nda, banka su\u00e7tan zarar g\u00f6ren oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in davaya kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kimlik bilgileri tespit edilemeyen su\u00e7 orta\u011f\u0131 ile birlikte kat\u0131lan’ M. ve o\u011flu C. ad\u0131na sahte n\u00fcfus c\u00fczdan\u0131 tanzimini sa\u011flay\u0131p notere m\u00fcracaatla M, taraf\u0131ndan o\u011flu C\/ye bankalardaki hesaplar\u0131ndan para \u00e7ekebilece\u011fine dair vekaletname tanzimini sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131, su\u00e7a konu …bank … \u015eubesine m\u00fcracaat ederek kat\u0131lan M nin banka hesab\u0131ndan 13.269.64 TL ABD dolar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 25.000 TL para \u00e7ekmeleri \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin resmi belgede sahtecilik ve nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve buna g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na dair mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 10\/07\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/12045 Esas, 2014\/13962 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131k, \u00e7alman ve sahte olarak doldurulan \u00e7eki, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesine ra\u011fmen, bu ki\u015finin kim oldu\u011funu bilmemesi, a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik bilgileri ve adresini bilmemesi, bu ki\u015fiyle su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir belge veya fatura sunup ispat edememesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00e7eki kullanan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n mahkumiyetine karar verilmelidir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, K. isimli petrol istasyonundan sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 3.800,00 TL bedelindeki mazot kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7a konu \u015fikayet\u00e7i A.A\/n\u0131n temsilcisi oldu\u011fu A. Ltd. \u015eti.’ye ait olup cana \u00f6ncesinde \u00e7al\u0131narak sonradan doldurulmu\u015f 4.800,00 TL bedelindeki \u00e7eki verdi\u011fi somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n savunmas\u0131nda \u00e7eki bir d\u00f6nem ortakl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130.Z\/ye satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 keresteler kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesine ra\u011fmen \u00e7ekte tan\u0131k \u0130.Z.’nin cirosunun bulunmamas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011fa ve kereste satt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair herhangi bir belge ibraz edememesi ve tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki ilk defa g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne, \u00e7ek ile bir alakas\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik beyan\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sahte olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f \u00e7eki kullanmak suretiyle resmi belgede sahtecilik ve nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 03\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/15276 Esas, 2014\/6322 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-M. ayakkab\u0131 isimli i\u015fyerinin ortaklar\u0131ndan olan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ayakkab\u0131 malzemesi alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ma\u011fdur \u015e.A.’ya bu malzemelerin bedeli kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7a konu sahte \u00e7eki ciro ederek verdi\u011fi, ma\u011fdur \u015e\/nin de bu \u00e7eki ma\u011fdur S.H.’ye devretti\u011fi S.’nin \u00e7ek bedelini tahsil i\u00e7in bankaya ibraz etti\u011finde \u00e7ekin sahte oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 olayda, San\u0131\u011f\u0131n M. isimli i\u015fyerinin orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve orada \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7eki M.T. isimli arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n getirdi\u011fi K.K\/dan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, M.T\/nin telefonunun … oldu\u011funu beyan etmesi, an\u0131lan telefon hatt\u0131n\u0131n G.A.G. ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011funun 13\/07\/2007 tarihli GSM operat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yaz\u0131s\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki \u015e.A\/dan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ma\u011fdur \u015e\/nin ise \u00e7eki M. \u015firketi personeli olan san\u0131ktan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde tespiti i\u00e7in M. isimli \u015firketinin yetkililerinin tespiti ile olayla ilgili beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015firketin orta\u011f\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, ma\u011fdur \u015e.A’dan daha evvel mal al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131klar\u0131, ticari defter ve kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda K.K. isimli bir \u015fahsa mal sat\u0131p su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki ald\u0131klar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir kayd\u0131n veya belgenin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, an\u0131lan GSM hatt\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011fu G.A.G\/\u0131n beyan\u0131 al\u0131narak hatt\u0131 kullan\u0131p kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, M.T. isimli \u015fahs\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131p tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6z konusu hatt\u0131 M. isimli \u015fahsa verip vermedi\u011fi hususlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayin gerekirken eksik inceleme ile yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 23\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/19775 Esas, 2014\/12574 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-Tekstil i\u015fi ile u\u011fra\u015fan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u015fikayet\u00e7i Y.K’ya sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 aksesuar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1.480 TL bedelli, 4136117 seri nolu \u00e7eki; \u015fikayet\u00e7i B.C.S\/ye ise yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuma\u015f bask\u0131s\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 9.500 TL bedelli, … seri nolu \u00e7eki verdi\u011fi, \u015fikayet\u00e7ilerin \u00e7ekleri tahsil etmek amac\u0131yla bankaya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcklerinde, \u00e7eklerin banka taraf\u0131ndan sahteli\u011finin tespit edildi\u011fi olayda,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekleri ticari ili\u015fkisinin bulundu\u011fu R.\u00c7. ve M.O\/dan al\u0131p ciro etmeden m\u00fc\u015ftekilere verdi\u011fine ili\u015fkin savunmas\u0131, yine B.C.S\/ye verdi\u011fi \u00e7eki R. ve M. ile birlikte olan ancak tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 M.S\/nin ciro etti\u011fini beyan etmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya meydan verilmeyecek \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan R., M\u00fc. ve M.S. adl\u0131 \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n adreslerinin tespiti ile san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131 ge\u00e7enlerle ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011funu beyan etti\u011fi … numaral\u0131 telefonu su\u00e7 tarihi itibariyle kullanan \u015fahs\u0131n tan\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131yla dinlenmesi, gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrse \u00e7eklerdeki yaz\u0131 ve imzan\u0131n aidiyetinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, san\u0131kla ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda varsa ticari ili\u015fkiye dair bilgi ve belgelerin getirtilmesi sonras\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun tayini gerekirken, eksik inceleme ve yetersiz de\u011ferlendirmeyle karar verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 05\/11\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/2272 Esas, 2014\/18186 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-Somut olayda, A.\u0130. isimli ki\u015finin san\u0131\u011fa kuru kay\u0131s\u0131 sat\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7a konu 30\/03\/2009 ke\u015fide tarihli, ke\u015fidecisinin kat\u0131lan D. Limited \u015eirketi oldu\u011fu, 22.000 TL bedelli \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015fteri \u00e7eki diyerek ciro yapmadan bu \u00e7eki kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131, A.’n\u0131n, \u00e7eki takasa vermesi \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131nt\u0131 oldu\u011funun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, kat\u0131lan \u015firketin bo\u015f \u00e7eklerinin 15\/11\/2008 tarihinde \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, al\u0131nan bilirki\u015fi raporuna g\u00f6re, \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n kat\u0131lan \u015firket yetkilisi ile san\u0131\u011fa ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sahte olarak d\u00fczenledi\u011fi ya da d\u00fczenlettirdi\u011fi \u00e7eki kullanmak suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa te\u015febb\u00fcs ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki, satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuru kay\u0131s\u0131lar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda H.K. usunda bilgisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi, yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, b\u00f6yle bir ki\u015finin var oldu\u011funun da tespit edilemedi\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, H.K. isimli ki\u015fi ile aras\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fkiyi ispatlayacak herhangi bir irsaliye, fatura veya ba\u015fka bir belge sunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ekin miktar\u0131n\u0131n fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 san\u0131kla ticaret yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak ticaretle u\u011fra\u015fan bir ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu da dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mal verdi\u011fi ki\u015finin kimlik bilgileri hakk\u0131nda bilgi sahibi olmamas\u0131 ve bu konuda herhangi bir fatura d\u00fczenlememesinin hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu, ayr\u0131ca, her ne kadar \u00e7ekteki imza ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131n san\u0131\u011fa ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f ise de, san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan bo\u015f olarak elde edilen su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin, ba\u015fkas\u0131na d\u00fczenlettirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n her zaman m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015fteri \u00e7eki olarak kullan\u0131rken de, ciro yapmayarak sorumluluktan kurtulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, sahtecili\u011fin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan sonra, \u00e7eki verdi\u011fi ki\u015fiye hemen \u00f6deme yapmas\u0131n\u0131n, tek ba\u015f\u0131na su\u00e7un olu\u015fumunu etkilemeyece\u011fi, netice olarak, \u00e7ekin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla menfaat temin etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015finin san\u0131k oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131narak, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-f ve 204\/1. maddeleri kapsam\u0131nda mahkumiyetine karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden, yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde beraat karar\u0131 verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 27\/01\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/32187 Esas, 2014\/1107 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, sahte oldu\u011fu belirlenen 30\/12\/2009 ke\u015fide tarihli \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kat\u0131lan M.\u00c7\/ye verdi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00e7eki bankaya ibraz etmesi \u00fczerine sahte oldu\u011funun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131\u011f\u0131n haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmek suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015famalarda de\u011fi\u015fmeyen b\u00fct\u00fcn ifadelerinde \u00e7eki, ikinci ciranta olan a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik bilgileri ve adresini bilmedi\u011fi H.K. isimli ki\u015fiden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kendisinin f\u0131st\u0131k ticaretiyle u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu ki\u015fiye de f\u0131st\u0131k satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu olaydan \u00f6nce de \u00fc\u00e7 defa kendisiyle al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmekle, bu al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flere ili\u015fkin fatura, irsaliye veya ba\u015fka bir belge bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131ktan sorulmas\u0131, bu ki\u015fiyle, … ve … numaral\u0131 telefonlarla irtibat kurdu\u011funu belirtmekle ve bu telefon numaralan ba\u015fka ki\u015filer ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 olsa bile, ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ki\u015filerin dinlenmesi, b\u00f6yle bir telefon kullan\u0131p kullanmad\u0131klar\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131p tan\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131 ve H.K. ile irtibatlar\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, b\u00f6yle bir ki\u015finin tespiti halinde san\u0131kla ili\u015fkisi ve iddialar\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, yine \u00e7ekte birinci ciranta konumunda bulunan ve adresi ile telefon numaras\u0131 \u00e7ekte yaz\u0131l\u0131 olan \u00d6. Ticaret isimli i\u015fyerinin yetkilisinin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131larak dinlenmesi, cironun kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7eki ne \u015fekilde temin etti\u011fi, kendisinin \u00e7eki H.K. isimli ki\u015fiye verip vermedi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131p tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ke\u015fideci \u015firketle hangi ticari ili\u015fkiye istinaden \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, yine \u00e7ekin ke\u015fi-decisi olan Y. \u0130n\u015faat yetkilisinin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131larak ma\u011fdur s\u0131fat\u0131yla dinlenilmesi, \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, bu \u015fekilde taraflar bulunup dinlendikten sonra ke\u015fideci \u015firket yetkilisi, \u00d6. Ticaret yetkilisi, bulunmas\u0131 halinde H.K. ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rneklerinin al\u0131narak \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131, imza ve cirolar\u0131n kendilerine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in kriminal raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve kat\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda zarar\u0131 giderdi\u011fini beyan etmekle, buna ili\u015fkin delillerinin sorulmas\u0131, varsa ilgili belge ve delillerin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, bunlara kar\u015f\u0131 kat\u0131lan\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131, sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun tayin ve takdirinin gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden eksik inceleme ve yetersiz gerek\u00e7eyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 10\/02\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/8706 Esas, 2014\/2180 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ke\u015fidecisi M. \u015eirketi olan 15.000 TL bedelli \u00e7eki arkada\u015f\u0131 olan temyiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131 san\u0131k K\/ya verdi\u011fi, bu ki\u015finin de san\u0131kla birlikte kat\u0131lan\u0131n yan\u0131na gidip birlikte hareket ederek, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki, kat\u0131lan K. Otomotiv \u0130n\u015faat \u015eirketi yetkilisine verdi\u011fi, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131nda sahte olarak olu\u015fturulan ikiz bir \u00e7ek oldu\u011funun belirlendi\u011fi, yap\u0131lan incelemede, \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n ke\u015fideci \u015firket yetkililerine ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edildi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00e7eki, satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karpuz kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik bilgilerini ve adresini bilmedi\u011fi bir ki\u015fiden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015f ise de b\u00f6yle bir ki\u015finin var oldu\u011funun ispatlanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7eki ba\u015fkas\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir herhangi bir belge ya da fatura ibraz edemedi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki sahte olarak d\u00fczenleyip ya da d\u00fczenlettirip kullanmak suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131k ve kat\u0131lan beyanlar\u0131, kriminal raporu ve banka kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ile t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re, su\u00e7lar\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011fi sabit olmakla bu gerek\u00e7elere dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 30\/03\/2015 Tarih ve 2015\/3749 Esas, 2015\/22637 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00d6. Ticaret Ltd. \u015firketi orta\u011f\u0131 ve yetkilisi oldu\u011fu, kat\u0131lana ait A. Ltd. \u015eirketinden 27500 TL tutar\u0131nda diki\u015f makinesi sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 3000 TL nakit 2000 TL bedelli senet ve su\u00e7a konu iki adet \u00e7eki ciro ederek kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi, \u00e7ekin banka ibraz\u0131nda sahte oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi olayda;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ekleri ikinci kalite \u00fcr\u00fcn alan pazarc\u0131lara satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7eki onlardan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmas\u0131, temyiz dilek\u00e7esinde bu sat\u0131ma ili\u015fkin faturalar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu beyan etmesi, 11\/01\/2010 tarihli bilirki\u015fi raporunda, yaz\u0131lar\u0131n, daha \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 yerlerde mevcut bilgilerin fiziksel yolla silinmelerinden sonra husule getirilmi\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde tespiti i\u00e7in, \u00e7ekin lehtar\u0131 ve birinci cirantas\u0131 konumunda olan \u00dc.A\/n\u0131n, … adresinden ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak olayla ilgili beyan\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyan etti\u011fi faturalar\u0131n ibraz\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n san\u0131k veya bulunmas\u0131 halinde lehtar \u00dc.A\/n\u0131n eli \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilirki\u015fi raporu al\u0131narak sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayini gerekirken eksik inceleme ile yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 02\/03\/2015 Tarih ve 2013\/9001 Esas, 2015\/21713 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n soru\u015fturmadaki ifadesinde, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki tan\u0131k H.A\/n\u0131n D.K ile olan ticari ili\u015fkisi nedeniyle D.K’den al\u0131p tan\u0131k H\/ye g\u00f6nderdi\u011fini, kovu\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131nda soru\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131ndaki beyan\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak olay\u0131n kendisiyle alakas\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir \u00e7ek almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmesi, tan\u0131k H.A\/n\u0131n ise a\u015famalarda de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ifadesinde, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eki iplik satm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu san\u0131k A.B\/den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, D.K hakk\u0131nda tefrik edilen dosyan\u0131n ak\u0131betinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak incelenmesi, h\u00fck\u00fcm kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f ise aralar\u0131ndaki hukuki ve fiili ba\u011flant\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak davalar\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesi, h\u00fckm\u00fc kesinle\u015fmi\u015f ise bu dosya i\u00e7erisine konularak delillerin birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayinin gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden eksik inceleme ve yetersiz gerek\u00e7eyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 22\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2013\/7021 Esas, 2015\/1103 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-\u00c7ekteki san\u0131k cirosundaki, yaz\u0131 ve imzalar\u0131n san\u0131\u011fa ait olmas\u0131 halinde veya bu cirolardaki imzalar san\u0131\u011fa ait olmasa da, bu cirolar\u0131 yapan ki\u015filerin ger\u00e7ekte var olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tespiti halinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n mahkumiyetine karar verilmelidir<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, M.H.S\/den \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 ile sabit olan ve … Bankas\u0131 … \u015eu-i nezdinde bulunan \u00e7ek hesab\u0131ndan, 15\/06\/2009 ke\u015fide tarihli, ke\u015fide yeri \u0130stanbul olan, 5000 TL bedel i\u00e7eren, hesap sahibi M.H.S\/nin bilgisi ve r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ger\u00e7e\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131\u00a0olarak d\u00fczenledi\u011fi tespit olunan s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eki, arkas\u0131n\u0131 H.K. ve B.A\/dan teslim al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 izlenimi uyand\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla onlar\u0131n ad\u0131na sahte olarak ciro edip, sahte ke\u015fideci imzas\u0131 att\u0131ktan sonra bir ticari al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fe istinaden satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fteriden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015firketin muhasebesine teslim etti\u011fi, \u015firketin muhasebe eleman\u0131 olan A.G\/nin, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eki ciro ederek bankaya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp tahsil etmesi amac\u0131yla \u015firket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 M.\u00d6’ye verdi\u011fi ve tan\u0131k M.\u00d6’n\u00fcn bankaya tahsil etmek amac\u0131yla g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ekin \u00e7al\u0131nt\u0131 oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ek \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan kriminal inceleme neticesinde d\u00fczenlenen ekspertiz raporunda; s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ek \u00fczerindeki ke\u015fideci imzas\u0131 ile \u00e7ekin arkas\u0131ndaki ilk iki s\u0131radaki cirantalar ad\u0131na at\u0131l\u0131 olan imzalar\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131n el \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 olan nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda; (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 08\/07\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/22257 Esas, 2014\/13622 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-\u00c7eklerin ke\u015fidecinin elinde dolu olarak \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131p kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia ediliyor ise, \u00e7eklerin \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair belgelerin dosyaya konulmas\u0131, sonucuna g\u00f6re bir karar verilmesi zorunludur.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kat\u0131lan E.S.A’n\u0131n i\u015fyerinden \u00e7al\u0131nan bo\u015f \u00e7ek yapraklar\u0131ndan birisini bir \u015fekilde eline ge\u00e7iren san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kat\u0131lan M.E’nin tekstil at\u00f6lyesinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kotlar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 14.875 TL bedelli, 30.02.2007 ke\u015fide tarihli \u00e7al\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7eki ciro ederek verdi\u011fi sabit olmakla, eylemlerinin nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 04\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/4150 Esas, 2014\/20429 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-M\u00fc\u015fteki A.K.’nin, daha \u00f6nceden san\u0131\u011fa 33.000 TL bor\u00e7 para verdi\u011fi, san\u0131ktan alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 istemesine ra\u011fmen alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, akabinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n borcuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ek verebilece\u011fini, ancak \u00e7ekin 45000 TL mebla\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle aradaki fark\u0131 elden vermesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin de san\u0131\u011f\u0131n teklifini kabul ederek 8500 TL paray\u0131 verdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da di\u011fer kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yetkilisi olduklar\u0131 B. A.\u015e’nin ke\u015fideci olarak g\u00f6z\u00fckt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, … Bankas\u0131 … \u015eubesine ait 31.12.2008 ke\u015fide tarihli 45.000 TL bedelli sahte olarak tanzim edilmi\u015f \u00e7eki verdi\u011fi, m\u00fc\u015fteki A\/n\u0131n su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki tahsil etmek amac\u0131yla bankaya ibraz etti\u011finde \u00e7al\u0131nt\u0131 oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine bedelini alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hileli hareketlerle haks\u0131z menfaat temin ederek \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131k savunmas\u0131, kat\u0131lan ve m\u00fc\u015fteki ifadesi, \u00e7ek fotokopisi, ekspertiz raporu ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re su\u00e7lar\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011fi sabit olmakla bu gerek\u00e7elere dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 27\/11\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/3432 Esas, 2014\/19943 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i L.G.’nin orta\u011f\u0131 ve m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011fu H. Ltd. \u015eti’nin 22.02.2005 tarihinde \u00e7al\u0131nan \u00e7eklerinden biri olan ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00e7eki mal ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 toptanc\u0131ya ciro etti\u011fi, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131 sonras\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nt\u0131 ‘ oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 olayda, nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 17\/02\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/9212 Esas, 2014\/2837 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131klar, eylem ve fikir birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket edip sahte \u00e7eki m\u00fc\u015ftekiye verip mal al\u0131rlarsa her iki san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda da mahkumiyet karan verili<\/em>r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

San\u0131klar\u0131n bir \u015fekilde ele ge\u00e7irdikleri su\u00e7a konu sahte \u00e7eki kullanarak doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yapmak hususunda anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, \u00e7ek \u00fczerinde yer alan yaz\u0131lar\u0131 san\u0131k T.E.’nin doldurdu\u011fu, sonras\u0131nda san\u0131k Y.Z.’nin ma\u011fduru telefon ile arayarak \u00c7. Ltd. \u015eirketinin sahibi oldu\u011funu beyan edip \u00f6demeyi \u00e7ek ile yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirip anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, san\u0131k Y.Z\/nin i\u015flerinin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu bu nedenle \u00e7eki mal\u0131n tesliminde nakliyeci ile birlikte g\u00f6nderece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, nakliyeci tan\u0131k T.A’n\u0131n \u00e7eki al\u0131p mal\u0131 teslim etti\u011fi, \u00e7eki ma\u011fdura verdi\u011fi, ma\u011fdurun da \u00e7ekte cironun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u015f\u00fcphelenip \u00e7ek ke\u015fidecisi firmay\u0131 arad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir \u00e7ekin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi somut olayda, nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 16\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/5221 Esas, 2014\/21343 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-Somut olayda; san\u0131klardan V.Y’nin Z. Triko isimli i\u015f yerinin sahibi oldu\u011fu, di\u011fer san\u0131k M.T\/nin de ayn\u0131 i\u015f yerinde fason takip\u00e7isi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131klar\u0131n^ P. ve Ortaklar\u0131 isimli firman\u0131n … Bankas\u0131n\u0131n … \u015fubesi nezdindeki hesab\u0131ndan ke\u015fide edilmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen, 30.11.2008 ke\u015fide tarihli, 7.200 TL bedelli, hamiline yaz\u0131l\u0131, t\u00fcm\u00fc ile sahte olu\u015fturulmu\u015f \u00e7eki ele ge\u00e7irdikleri ve kat\u0131lan D.K.’n\u0131n pazarlama m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f yerinden sat\u0131n ald\u0131klar\u0131 iplik kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda verdikleri anla\u015f\u0131lmakla; eylemlerinin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-f maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” ve ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 204\/1. maddesindeki “resmi belgede sahtecilik” su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 06\/02\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/8308 Esas, 2014\/2120 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-\u015eirket yetkilisi olan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00e7eki yetkili olmayan di\u011fer orta\u011fa imza-at\u0131p piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcp, daha sonra \u00e7ekin \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ihbarda bulunup \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 vermesi olay\u0131nda, \u00e7ekin r\u0131zayla ba\u015fkas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan imzalanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle TCK’n\u0131n 204. maddesinin unsur-lan olu\u015fmayacak, \u00e7eki ba\u015fkas\u0131na imzalat\u0131p piyasaya s\u00fcrme eyleminde ise TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-f ko\u015fullan olu\u015facak, \u00f6nceden do\u011fan bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in verilmesi halinde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u da olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131klar\u0131n ortak olduklar\u0131 M. Limited \u015eirketi ad\u0131na \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisi san\u0131k .K\/ye ait oldu\u011fu halde, san\u0131k M.K’nin 15.06.2007 ve 10.07.2007 tarihli su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekleri ke\u015fide ederek piyasaya s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, daha sonra da san\u0131k \u00d6. taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7eklerin ellerinden r\u0131za hilaf\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilerek bankaya \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 verildi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n bankay\u0131 ara\u00e7 olarak kullanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda; san\u0131k M.K’nin su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekleri ke\u015fideci \u015firketin 02.02.2007 tarihli ortaklar kurulu karar\u0131 ile kendisine verilen yetkiye istinaden ke\u015fide etti\u011fi( san\u0131k savunmalar\u0131 ve \u015firketin di\u011fer orta\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131k H.A’n\u0131n da ifade etti\u011fi \u00fczere, \u015firketin i\u015flerini fiilen san\u0131k M\/nin idare etti\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde ke\u015fide edilip \u00f6denen \u00e7eklerin de bulundu\u011funun belirtilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00e7eklerin zaten \u015firket yetkilisinin r\u0131zas\u0131 ve izni ile ke\u015fide edildi\u011finin kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn gerekece\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca kat\u0131lan\u0131n su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekleri ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 birinci ciranta M.\u00c7.’nin de ifadesinde su\u00e7a tonu \u00e7ekten \u00f6nceden do\u011fan borca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, eylemin bu haliyle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7ek ke\u015fidesinden ibaret olup, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik \u00a0su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, san\u0131klar\u0131n at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lardan ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 beraatine dair kararda isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 22\/05\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/2451 Esas, 2014\/10146 Karar\u0131)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131k T.G\/nm \u015firket kurdu\u011fu ve \u015firket ad\u0131na ..bank … \u015eubesi nezdinde \u00e7ek hesab\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 akabinde Z0047446 seri numaral\u0131, 5.1.2005 ke\u015fide tarihli ve 4.752,745 TL mebla\u011f-l\u0131 \u00e7eki karde\u015fi olan di\u011fer san\u0131k CG.ye verip sahte imza ile tanzim ettirdi\u011fi, daha sonra ortaklar\u0131 Ek.E. ve Er.E. oian G. Ltd. \u015eti’nin ka\u015fesini vurarak san\u0131klar Ek. ve Er.in bilgisi ve ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dahilinde ald\u0131klar\u0131 mallara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k fatura mukabilinde m\u00fc\u015fteki \u015firkete verdi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n birlikte hareket ederek \u00fczerlerine at\u0131l\u0131 nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015flediklerinin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, su\u00e7 tarihinin 5.1.2005 oldu\u011fu, san\u0131klar\u0131n eyleminin 765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 504\/1. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu su\u00e7 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresinin doldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esine dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 16\/10\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/17979 Esas, 2014\/16620 say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, D. Limited \u015eirketi’nde \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisi bulunmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen su\u00e7a konu 6.500 TL bedelli \u00e7eki ke\u015fide ederek kendi borcu i\u00e7in kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak resmi belgede sahtecilik ve nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekin ke\u015fideci \u015firket yetkilisinin r\u0131zas\u0131 dahilinde san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenerek kat\u0131lana verildi\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ekin d\u00fczenlenmesinden sonra, ya\u015fanan ekonomik kriz nedeniyle bedelinin \u00f6denemedi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00e7ekteki imzay\u0131 ve borcunu inkar etmedi\u011fi gibi \u00f6demek istedi\u011fini ifade etti\u011fi, ke\u015fidecinin de kat\u0131lana olan borcun kabul edildi\u011fini belirtti\u011fi, tek ba\u015f\u0131na, \u00e7ek bedelinin \u00f6denememesinin hile olarak kabul edilemeyece\u011fi ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131yla hareket etmedi\u011fi dikkate al\u0131narak, her iki su\u00e7un yasal unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, bu gerek\u00e7elere dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 02\/07\/2014 Tarih-ve-2012\/21565 Esas, 2014\/13041 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131k, ke\u015fideci ad\u0131na imza atarak ya da ba\u015fkas\u0131na imza att\u0131rarak mal almas\u0131 halinde sahtecilik ve doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015facakt\u0131r. Ke\u015fideci im-u san\u0131\u011fa ait olmasa da san\u0131k, \u00e7eki nereden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispatlayamazsa su\u00e7 yine olu\u015fur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc san\u0131k \u00e7eki ba\u015fkas\u0131na da imzalatt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olabilecektir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n kat\u0131landan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sobalar sebebiyle ke\u015fidecisi E.K. olan \u0130stanbul 15.12.2005 ke\u015fide yer ve tarihli hamiline d\u00fczenlenen 10.000 TL bedelli sahte \u00e7eki \u015firket ka\u015fesiyle ciro ederek kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00e7ek bedelini tahsil i\u00e7in bankaya gitti\u011finde \u00e7ekin sahte oldu\u011funun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olayda, nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7unun olu\u015ftu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 20\/01\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/6945 Esas, 2014\/650 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iden iki adet d\u00fcve sat\u0131n alarak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7a konu sahte \u00e7eki verdi\u011fi, \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fc geldi\u011finde \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin bu \u00e7eki tahsil etmek amac\u0131yla bankaya ibraz etti\u011finde \u00e7ekin \u00fczerindeki imza ile bankada bulunan ke\u015fideciye ait \u0130mzalar\u0131n birbirini tutmamas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ekin i\u015fleme konulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ekspertiz raporunda, tetkik konusu \u00e7ekin \u00f6n y\u00fcz\u00fcndeki “29.06.2009 tarih ve 7000 TL hamiline” ibareli el yaz\u0131lan ve ke\u015fideci imzas\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eli \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemlerinin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funa dair mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 31\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/14916 Esas, 2014\/5943 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022San\u0131k, e\u015fi ad\u0131na i\u015fyeri a\u00e7\u0131p, yine e\u015fi ad\u0131na \u00e7ek karnesi alm\u0131\u015f, e\u015finin bilgisi dahilinde \u00e7eki imzalay\u0131p m\u00fc\u015ftekiye vermi\u015f, \u00e7ek bedellerini \u00f6de-yemese de borcunu inkar etmemi\u015f ise, \u00e7ek sahibinin r\u0131zas\u0131 ile \u00e7ekin imzalanmas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kast\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 nedeniyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011f\u0131n e\u015fi olan kat\u0131lan ad\u0131na i\u015fyeri a\u00e7\u0131p, i\u015fletti\u011fi kartlar\u0131n iki ayn\u0131 bankadan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ek karnesinin san\u0131kta durdu\u011fu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n baz\u0131 \u00e7ekleri e\u015fi olan kat\u0131lan\u0131n bilgisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda fakat onun ad\u0131na sahte imza atmak suretiyle tanzim edip kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iddia edilen olayda;<\/p>\n

Kat\u0131lan\u0131n kendisi ad\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015fyerini e\u015fi olan san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletildi\u011fini, bankalardan kendisi ad\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ek karnelerinin e\u015finde durdu\u011funu belirtmesi ve bu \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenip \u00f6denen \u00e7ekler bulunmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; kat\u0131lan\u0131n z\u0131mni muvafakati ile san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekleri d\u00fczenleyip imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n, z\u0131mni muvafakatini ortadan kald\u0131racak bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulundu\u011fu tespit edilemedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 kast\u0131yla hareket etti\u011fine dair delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7lardan beraat\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 27\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/20310 Esas, 2014\/5800 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

-San\u0131k A\/n\u0131n, S. isimli i\u015fyerinin kayden yetkilisi oldu\u011fu, i\u015flerin fiilen e\u015fi di\u011fer san\u0131k H. taraf\u0131ndan idare edildi\u011fi, san\u0131k H\/nin, kat\u0131lan \u015firketle daha \u00f6nce s\u00fcrekli mal al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde bulundu\u011fu, olay tarihinde de, \u00f6nceki bir borca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olmak \u00fczere, Ke\u015fidecisinin K.D. isimli ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu, 15.000 TL bedelli m\u00fc\u015fteri \u00e7ekini kat\u0131lan \u015firkete verdi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan taraf\u0131ndan, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, yap\u0131lan icra takibi s\u0131ras\u0131nda san\u0131k A\/n\u0131n ciro alt\u0131ndaki imzan\u0131n kendisine ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stererek itirazda bulundu\u011fu, daha sonra al\u0131nan ifadesinde ise, e\u015fine i\u015flerin idaresi ve \u00e7ek imzalamas\u0131 i\u00e7in daha \u00f6nce vekaletname verdi\u011fini, e\u015finin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekten sonradan haberinin oldu\u011funu ve \u00e7eke konu borcu kabul etti\u011fini, \u00f6deme yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi, san\u0131k H\/nin de, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki, e\u015finin muvafakati ile imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, i\u015fleri vekalete dayal\u0131 olarak kendisinin fiilen idare etti\u011fini, kat\u0131lana olan borcu kabul etti\u011fini ve su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi, yap\u0131lan incelemede, ciro alt\u0131ndaki imzan\u0131n san\u0131k H\/ye ait oldu\u011funun belirlendi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131klar\u0131n eylem ve fikir birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket ederek, ciro alt\u0131ndaki imzay\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131na imzalat\u0131p imzaya itirazda bulunmak suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flediklerinin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131k A\/n\u0131n, \u00e7ekin di\u011fer san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan imzalanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00f6nceden muvafakatinin bulundu\u011fu, kat\u0131lan \u015firketin, daha \u00f6nceki ticari ili\u015fkiler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde sadece san\u0131k A\/n\u0131n imzaya yetkili oldu\u011funu bildi\u011fi, zaten ka\u015fenin alt\u0131nda san\u0131k A\/n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenle ortada bir hilenin veya aldatman\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ekin \u00f6nceden do\u011fan borca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak kat\u0131lana verildi\u011fi, ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 03\/03\/1998 tarih ve 6\/ 8-69 E. K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda<\/em> da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, \u00f6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in hileli davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunulmas\u0131 halinde, zarar veya bor\u00e7 kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nitelikte davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu do\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bu gerek\u00e7elere dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 13\/10\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/1402 Esas, 2014\/16165 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

San\u0131k Z.K\/nin, eni\u015ftesi olan di\u011fer san\u0131k H.K\/nin hesab\u0131na ait olan ve .. Bankas\u0131 … \u015eubesi nezdinde bulunan \u00e7ek hesab\u0131ndan, 20\/01\/2007 d\u00fczenleme tarihli, 28000 TL bedelli ve 10.02.2007 ke\u015fide tarihli, 14.700 TL bedelli iki adet \u00e7eki ciro ederek, ma\u011fdur A.A\/ya verdi\u011fi, yap\u0131lan soru\u015fturma neticesinde, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7eki ke\u015fide etmeye yetkisinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlendi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131k Z.K\/nin, eni\u015ftesi olan san\u0131k H.K’ya ait \u00e7ek hesab\u0131ndan yetkisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde \u00e7ek ke\u015fide ederek ma\u011fdur A.A\/ya vermek suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda;<\/p>\n

Dosya i\u00e7erisindeki t\u00fcm bilgi ve belgelere g\u00f6re; yarg\u0131lama konusu olan \u00e7eklerin, san\u0131k H.K. hesab\u0131na ait bulundu\u011fu hususunda hi\u00e7bir teredd\u00fct\u00fcn bulunmamas\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; san\u0131k H.K\/n\u0131n, kendisine ait \u00e7ek hesab\u0131ndan ke\u015fide edilen ve bilgisi dahilinde d\u00fczenlendi\u011fini belirtti\u011fi \u00e7eklerin, di\u011fer san\u0131k Z.K. taraf\u0131ndan tanzim edilmesi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemde, resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan beraat karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden delillerin takdir ve de\u011ferlendirilmesinde yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmek suretiyle san\u0131klar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde mahkumiyetlerine karar verilmesi,<\/p>\n

San\u0131k Z.K\/nin a\u015famalarda verdi\u011fi savunmalar\u0131nda; s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ek hesab\u0131n\u0131n eni\u015ftesi olan di\u011fer san\u0131\u011fa ait oldu\u011funu ve kendisinin bilgisi dahilinde ke\u015fide edildi\u011fini, sonras\u0131n-v da \u00e7eki kendisinin ciro ederek ma\u011fdur A.A\/ya al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte kullanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla verdi\u011fini, bu \u015fekilde bir\u00e7ok defa \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etti\u011fini ve \u00e7o\u011funu \u00f6dedi\u011fini, ma\u011fdur A.A\/ya bu \u015fekilde daha \u00f6nce de \u00e7ek tanzim ederek verdi\u011fini, \u00e7ek hesab\u0131 sahibi olan san\u0131k H.K\/n\u0131n da s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ek hesab\u0131ndan \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etmesine r\u0131za g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini belirtmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fin hi\u00e7bir ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan; \u00f6ncelikle san\u0131k Z.K\/nin benzer \u015fekilde \u00e7ek ke\u015fide edip etmedi\u011fi, ma\u011fdur A.A. ile daha \u00f6ncesinde bu \u015fekilde bir ticari ili\u015fki i\u00e7erisinde bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi ve san\u0131klar\u0131n somut olayda fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde ne \u015fekilde hareket edip etmediklerinin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya konulmas\u0131, su\u00e7 kas\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n veya ne \u015fekilde hileli hareketler sergileyerek ma\u011fdur A.A\/y\u0131 aldatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, s\u00f6z konusu doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun kanunda tan\u0131mlanan unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fup olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlar\u0131n\u0131n net bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131ndan sonra toplanan delilere g\u00f6re san\u0131klar\u0131n hukuki durumunun tayin ve takdirinin gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden, eksik inceleme sonucunda nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan san\u0131klar haklar\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcmler kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 15\/09\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/827 Esas, 2014\/14572 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • –\u00c7ek, ke\u015fideci taraf\u0131ndan imzalansa bile san\u0131k \u00e7eki bir \u015fekilde ele ge\u00e7irip ciro ederek kullan\u0131rsa, ciroda sahtecilik olu\u015faca\u011f\u0131ndan TCK’n\u0131n 204\/1,158\/1-f su\u00e7lar\u0131 olu\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • San\u0131k, \u00e7eki hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak ele ge\u00e7irip, bu kez herhangi bir \u015fekilde ciro etmeden kullansa, sadece TCK 158\/1-f su\u00e7u olu\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • San\u0131k, \u00e7eki ke\u015fidecinin i\u015fyerinden \u00e7al\u0131p sahte olarak imzalay\u0131p m\u00fc\u015ftekiye verirse, TCK’n\u0131n 142\/2-h, 204\/1 ve 158\/1-f su\u00e7lar\u0131 olu\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ..bank … \u015fubesine ait 20\/12\/2008 ke\u015fide tarihli ve 1.720 TL | bedelli sahte \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ciranta s\u0131fat\u0131 ile imzalay\u0131p m\u00fc\u015ftekiye verdi\u011fi, anla\u015f\u0131lmakla doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fine dair mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 05\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/10089 Esas, 2014\/4132 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    San\u0131k, sahte \u00e7eki ciro edip, \u00f6nceden do\u011fan borcuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermesi halinde resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7u olu\u015fur, ama nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k \/su\u00e7u olu\u015fmaz, bu hususun mutlaka ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    , San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, tan\u0131k M.Y. hesab\u0131na olan …bank … \u015fubesine ait 14\/08\/2008 ke\u015fide tarihli, B 5928671 seri numaral\u0131, 10000 TL bedelli \u00e7eki yetki belgesi olmadan ke\u015fide etti\u011fi, ve kat\u0131lan \u015firkete verdi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda; tan\u0131k M.Y\/nin san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7eki imzalamas\u0131na muvafakat etti\u011fini beyan etti\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, resmi evrakta sahtecilikten s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi, yine Yarg\u0131tay C.G.K’n\u0131n 03.03.1998 g\u00fcn ve 6\/8-69 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda<\/em> a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere \u00f6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir zarar veya do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in hileli davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunulmas\u0131 halinde zarar veya bor\u00e7, kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nitelikteki davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu do\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, su\u00e7unun olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin \u00f6nceden do\u011fan bor\u00e7 nedeni ile sonradan d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmakla doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lardan beraatine ili\u015fkin mahkeme karar\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 12\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/10711 Esas, 2014\/4604 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00f6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir zarar veya do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7 i\u00e7in hileli davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunmas\u0131 halinde zarar veya bor\u00e7, kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nitelikteki davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu do\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015famalarda verdi\u011fi ifadelerinde; yarg\u0131lama konusu olan ve teknik incelemelerden sonra sahte oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan \u00e7eki, daha \u00f6nceki bir al\u0131\u015fveri\u015ften kaynaklanan borcundan dolay\u0131 kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fini savundu\u011fu, yarg\u0131lama dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011findeki bilgi ve belgelere g\u00f6re de; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nceden do\u011fan bir borcuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak \u00e7eki kat\u0131lana verip vermedi\u011fi hususunun net olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fin hi\u00e7bir ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, sahte \u00e7ekin \u00f6nceden do\u011fan borcu nedeniyle sonradan tanzim edilerek kat\u0131lana verilip verilmedi\u011fi hususunun ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra toplanan delilere g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun tayin ve takdirinin gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden, eksik inceleme sonucunda yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 13\/10\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/1415 Esas, 2014\/16197 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u00c7ek tamamen sahte olu\u015fturulmu\u015f ise ve san\u0131k bu \u00e7eki kullanm\u0131\u015fsa su\u00e7 olu\u015fur, san\u0131k \u00e7eki ba\u015fkas\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyor ise, bu ki\u015finin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p bulunmas\u0131, san\u0131k, ke\u015fideci ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi ki\u015finin yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rneklerinin al\u0131narak yaz\u0131 ve imza incelemesi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bilirki\u015fi raporuna g\u00f6re tamamen sahte olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f 30\/08\/2007 tarihli ve 6.300 TL bedelli \u00e7eki m\u00fc\u015ftekiden sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 akaryak\u0131t kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ciro etmek suretiyle vermesi, katlan\u0131n bankaya ibraz\u0131nda \u00e7ekin ke\u015fideciye ait \u00f6denmi\u015f \u00f6nceki bir \u00e7ekin bilgilerinden faydalan\u0131larak sahte olu\u015fturuldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 iddias\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan davada, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve buna g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131rmas\u0131na dair mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 09\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/17947 Esas, 2014\/11367 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131k satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015ftekiden \u00e7eki al\u0131r, m\u00fc\u015fteki \u00e7ek bedelini \u00f6der, buna ra\u011fmen san\u0131k bu \u00e7eki hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak elinde tutup tahrifat yap\u0131p piyasaya s\u00fcrerse eylem, TCK 204\/1,158\/1-f, kapsam\u0131nda kal\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    San\u0131k, satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015ftekiden bedel k\u0131sm\u0131 bo\u015f \u00e7eki al\u0131r,; m\u00fc\u015fteki \u00e7ek bedelini \u00f6der, buna ra\u011fmen san\u0131k bu \u00e7eki hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak elinde tutup bo\u015f k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 doldurup piyasaya s\u00fcrer ve tahrifat yaparsa eylem, TCK’n\u0131n 209\/2 delaletiyle TCK 204\/1,158\/1-f maddeleri kapsam\u0131nda kal\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, tan\u0131k U.G\/ye hayvan sat\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ..bank … \u015eubesine ait 01.08.2006 ke\u015fide tarihli, 10.500 TL mebla\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7eki ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha sonra tan\u0131k U.’nun su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin bedelini elden \u00f6deyerek \u00e7eki san\u0131k O\/dan istedi\u011fi, ancak san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ekin yan\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtip sonra verece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, akabinde s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekin \u00fczerinde tahrifat yap\u0131p 20.10.2006 ke\u015fide tarihli bir \u00e7eke d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek canl\u0131 hayvan sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kat\u0131lan H.B.’ye verdi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n da \u00e7ekin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 nedeniyle alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahsil edemedi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hileli hareketler yaparak haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmek suretiyle \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin i\u011ffal kabiliyetine haiz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7ekte yap\u0131lan tahrifat\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair mahkumiyete yeterli kesin ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esine dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 25\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/5999 Esas, 2014\/22161 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u00d6ncelikle \u00e7ekin sahte olarak olu\u015fturulup olu\u015fturulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin olarak belirlenmesi, ciro silsilesinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sundu\u011fu belgelerin incelenmesi, cirantalar\u0131n dinlenilmesi, aralar\u0131ndaki hukuki ili\u015fkiye dair belgelerin getirtilerek incelenmesi gerekir.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ma\u011fdur K.G.’ye ait arac\u0131n cam\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lmak sureti ile bir\u00e7ok \u00e7ek yapra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n imzas\u0131z ve bo\u015f olarak \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, 3209350 seri no’lu \u00e7ekin de bu \u00e7ekler aras\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin, san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tan\u0131k M.D\/ye verildi\u011fi, bu ki\u015finin de \u00e7eki M. \u015eirketi ne ciro yapmadan verdi\u011fi, bu \u015firketin de, \u00e7eki, yine ciro yapmadan ma\u011fdur S.E. ye\u00a0ticari ili\u015fki gere\u011fi verdi\u011fi, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131nt\u0131 oldu\u011funun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131k savunmas\u0131nda, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki, a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik bilgilerini ve adresini bilmedi\u011fi ve kendisinden \u00f6nce cirosu bulunan F.K. isimli ki\u015fiden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi, bu ki\u015finin kim oldu\u011funun tespit edilmedi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131\u011f\u0131n nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda,<\/p>\n

    Ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u00f6ncelikle su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin sahte olarak d\u00fczenlenip d\u00fczenlenmedi\u011finin tespiti i\u00e7in, san\u0131k ve \u00e7ekte ke\u015fideci g\u00f6r\u00fcnen U. \u015eirketi yetkilisinin usul\u00fcne uygun olarak yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rneklerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131, mukayeseye esas yaz\u0131 ve imza as\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir belge as\u0131llar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7ek asl\u0131n\u0131n da Adli T\u0131p Kurumu ya da kriminal laboratuvar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilerek, yaz\u0131, imza ve cirolar\u0131n san\u0131k ve ke\u015fideci g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u015firket yetkilisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin olarak belirlenmesi i\u00e7in denetime elveri\u015fli rapor al\u0131nmas\u0131, \u00e7ekin arkas\u0131nda birinci ciranta olarak yer alan H.Y. isimli ki\u015finin a\u00e7\u0131k kimlik bilgileri ve adresinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak, bulunmas\u0131 halinde bilgi sahibi s\u0131fat\u0131yla ifadesinin al\u0131nmas\u0131, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, bu \u00e7eki, kimden ve hangi tarihte ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha sonra hangi ticari ili\u015fki gere\u011fi kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131, kendisinden sonra cirosu bulunan F.K. isimli ki\u015fiyi tan\u0131y\u0131p tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da sorularak, varsa buna dair belgelerin istenmesi, yine bu ki\u015fiye ait yaz\u0131 ve imza \u00f6rnekleri de al\u0131narak, \u00e7ekteki yaz\u0131 ve imzalan\u0131n bu ki\u015fiye ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin olarak belirlenmesi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeniden ifadesinin al\u0131narak, \u00e7ekte birinci ciranta olan H.Y. isimli ki\u015fiyi tan\u0131y\u0131p tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususunun sorulmas\u0131ndan sonra hukuki durumunun tayin ve takdiri gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden eksik inceleme ve yetersiz gerek\u00e7eyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 20\/01\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/7483 Esas, 2014\/550 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131k, kendi kimlik bilgileri ile ad\u0131na \u015firket kuruldu\u011funu, \u00e7ek hesab\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p piyasan\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015f ise, ilgili \u015firketin belgeleri ve \u00e7ek as\u0131llar\u0131 getirtilerek yaz\u0131 ve imza incelemesi yap\u0131larak iddia ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunmada; kimli\u011finin a\u011fabeyinin damad\u0131 olan T.K. adl\u0131 \u015fah\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan taklit edilerek kendisiymi\u015f gibi ad\u0131na a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 banka hesab\u0131 \u00fczerinden ba\u015fka \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n doland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmesi, T.K. Hakk\u0131nda .. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan san\u0131k A.\u00c7\/ye kar\u015f\u0131 resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7undan .. tarih ve .. esas ve .. karar numaral\u0131 ilamla mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 verilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya meydan b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde tespiti bak\u0131m\u0131ndan; T.K. isimli \u015fahs\u0131n tan\u0131k olarak beyan\u0131na ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131, su\u00e7a konu kapora paras\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi hesab\u0131n san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan m\u0131 yoksa T.K. taraf\u0131ndan m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti bak\u0131m\u0131ndan her ikisinden de yeteri kadar al\u0131nacak imza \u00f6rnekleri ile hesap s\u00f6zle\u015fmesindeki imzan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kime ait oldu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in alan\u0131nda uzman bilirki\u015fi incelemesi yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden eksik ve yetersiz gerek\u00e7eyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde karar verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 15\/01\/2014 Tarih ve 2G\u013012\/4955 Esas, 2014\/361 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00c7ekte Ke\u015fide yeri yoksa \u00f6zel belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 otomobil kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fteki B.\u00d6.’ye ciro ederek verdi\u011fi ve dosya i\u00e7erisinde fotokopisi bulunan su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekte TTK’n\u0131n 692. maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ve\u00a0bulunmas\u0131 zorunlu unsurlardan olan “ke\u015fide yerinin” bulunmamas\u0131 nedeniyle, eylemin \u00f6zel belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funun g\u00f6zetilmemesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15, CD, 25\/09\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/16792 Esas, 2014\/15601 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Kambiyo senetlerinde yap\u0131lan sahtecili\u011fin, resmi belgede yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f say\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in ilgili kambiyo senedinin T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu’nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen b\u00fct\u00fcn unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gerekli olup, 6762 say\u0131l\u0131 TTK’n\u0131n 692. maddesi gere\u011fince \u00e7eklerde bulunmas\u0131 zorunlu olan ke\u015fide yerinin bir duraksamaya meydan vermeyecek bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 693. maddesine g\u00f6re ise, ke\u015fide yeri g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015f olan \u00e7ekin, ke\u015fidecinin ad ve soyad\u0131 yan\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 olan yerde ke\u015fide edilmi\u015f say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc de dikkate al\u0131narak, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekte ke\u015fide yeri ve ke\u015fidecinin ad ve soyad\u0131 alt\u0131nda da bir yer bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenle unsurlar\u0131 bulunmayan su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin \u00f6zel belge niteli\u011finde bulundu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin \u00f6zel belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeyerek su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmek suretiyle resmi belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 23\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/20052 Esas, 2014\/12489 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u00c7ekte aldatma yetene\u011finin tespiti hakime aittir, bu nedenle \u00e7ek asl\u0131 ) duru\u015fmada incelenip unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n tam olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmeli ve denetime esas olacak \u015fekilde asl\u0131 ya da onayl\u0131 sureti dosyaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7lar\u0131nda;<\/strong><\/span> aldatma yetene\u011fi bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n takdirinin v mahkemeye ait oldu\u011fu, 02.07.2008 tarihli bilirki\u015fi raporunda su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin bilgisayar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla t\u00fcmden sahte olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f oldu\u011fu ve i\u011ffal kabiliyeti hususunun mahkemece yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131n daha uygun olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, adli emanetin 2009\/237 numaras\u0131nda kay\u0131tl\u0131 su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin getirtilerek incelenmek suretiyle \u00f6zelliklerinin duru\u015fma tutana\u011f\u0131na yaz\u0131lmas\u0131, denetime olanak verecek \u015fekilde sahte belge asl\u0131n\u0131n dosya i\u00e7erisine konulmas\u0131, karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7e b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde aldatma yetene\u011fine sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve neticesine g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayini gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden eksik inceleme sonucu yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 03\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/3988 Esas, 2014\/20291 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, yetkisiz \u00e7ek ke\u015fide edip kullanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fi iddia edilirse, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ger\u00e7ek yetkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilgili \u015firket kay\u0131tlan ve varsa vekaletname getirtilerek incelenir, \u015firketin yetkililerinin, \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etmeye r\u0131zalar\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorulmas\u0131, \u00e7eki alan m\u00fc\u015ftekinin, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yetkisiz oldu\u011funu bilip bilmedi\u011finin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir, e\u011fer \u00e7eki alan m\u00fc\u015fteki, yetkisiz oldu\u011funu bile bile \u00e7eki alm\u0131\u015fsa ortada sakatlanan bir irade bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, K. Limited \u015eirketi’nin muhasebecisi oldu\u011fu, \u015firketin o d\u00f6nem ki m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olan N.K. taraf\u0131ndan 16.05.2007 tarihli vekaletname ile san\u0131\u011fa \u015firket ad\u0131na \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisi verildi\u011fi, ancak N.K’n\u0131n 27.12.2007 tarihinde \u015firketin y\u00f6netimini o\u011flu olan S.K.’ya b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 16.05.2007 tarihli vekaletnameye dayanarak su\u00e7a konu .. Bankas\u0131… \u015eubesine ait 21.01.2009 ke\u015fide tarihli ve 9.500,00 TL bedelli \u00e7eki \u015firket ad\u0131na ke\u015fide ederek \u015fikayet\u00e7iye verdi\u011fi, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ara\u00e7 tamiri yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esi ile bedelinin \u00f6denmedi\u011fi somut olayda; dosya i\u00e7erisindeki … Noterli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f 16.05.2007 tarihli o d\u00f6nem ki \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc N.K. taraf\u0131ndan \u015firket ad\u0131na verilmi\u015f vek\u00e2letname ile san\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ek ke\u015fide ete yetkisinin tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu yetkinin geri al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nceki 15.01.2008 tarihli toplant\u0131da al\u0131nan ve karar defterine yaz\u0131lan karara g\u00f6re de san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015firket ad\u0131na imza atma yetkisinin devam ettirilmesine oybirli\u011fi ile karar verilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu, bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda \u015firket yetkililerinin yeminli beyanlar\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere bilgileri dahilinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fka \u00e7ekleri de \u015firket ad\u0131na ke\u015fide etmesi ve bunlar\u0131n bedellerinin \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmesi ve en son olarak da su\u00e7 tarihinden sonra \u015firketin m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olan S.K. taraf\u0131ndan 05.05.2010 tarihinde .. Noterli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen vekaletname ile san\u0131\u011fa 27.12.2007 tarihinde verilen \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisinin devam etti\u011finin bildirilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131 ile hareket etmedi\u011fi, yarg\u0131lamaya konu \u00e7ek bedelinin \u015firketin ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 nedeni ile \u00f6denmedi\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, unsurlar\u0131 olu\u015fmayan resmi belgede sahtecilik ve nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat\u0131 yerine yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde mahk\u00fbmiyetine karar verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 12\/03\/2015 Tarih ve 2013\/9683 Esas, 2015\/22519 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    San\u0131k, ke\u015fideci olarak \u00e7ekteki imzan\u0131n kendisine ait oldu\u011funu,\u00a0M\u00fc\u015fteki\u00a0ile aras\u0131nda devam eden bir alacak ve bor\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi oldu\u011funu, \u00a0borcunu inkar etmedi\u011fini belirtmesi durumunda su\u00e7 kast\u0131n\u0131n karar yerinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n kat\u0131landan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mala kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki d\u00fczenleyerek verdi\u011fi, \u00e7ekin ibraz\u0131 sonras\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle yap\u0131lan \u015fikayet \u00fczerine \u00e7ekteki ke\u015fideci imzas\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eli \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu suretle san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendisine ait ba\u015fkas\u0131na imzalatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sahte \u00e7eki vermek suretiyle menfaat temin etti\u011finin iddia ve kabul olundu\u011fu olayda;<\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n kat\u0131lan ile bir\u00e7ok kez al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7ek verdi\u011fini, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin kendisinin oldu\u011funu, ancak imzan\u0131n kendisine ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7eki bo\u015f olarak vermi\u015f olabilece\u011fini, hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lan icra takibinde borca ve imzaya itiraz etmedi\u011fini ve borcu kabul etti\u011fini, \u00e7eki ve borcu hi\u00e7bir zaman inkar etmedi\u011fini savunmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya yer b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde tespiti i\u00e7in su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekle ilgili olarak kat\u0131lan taraf\u0131ndan san\u0131k aleyhine yap\u0131lan icra takip dosyas\u0131n\u0131n onayl\u0131 bir \u00f6rne\u011finin getirtilip san\u0131\u011f\u0131n imzaya veya borca itirazda bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edildikten sonra san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayini gerekirken eksik inceleme ile yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 30\/03\/2015 Tarih ve 2013\/9913 Esas, 2015\/22667 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131k \u00e7eki piyasaya s\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra, \u00e7ekin kayboldu\u011fu yalan\u0131n\u0131 uydurup \u00f6demen men talimat\u0131 vermesi olay\u0131nda, ger\u00e7ekten bir kay\u0131p ya da \u00e7al\u0131nma durumunun bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    P. Limited \u015firketinin yetkililerinden olan san\u0131k M.S’nin, A. Limited \u015firketinden sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu mallara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekleri, … Noterli\u011finin 14 A\u011fustos 2006 tarihli ortaklar kurulu karar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca di\u011fer san\u0131k D.A.K. ile m\u00fc\u015ftereken imzalamas\u0131 gerekirken tek ba\u015f\u0131na imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131, A. \u015firket yetkilerinin de alm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 krediye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k kat\u0131lan bankaya \u00e7ekleri verdikleri, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7ekleri tek imza ile imzalay\u0131p kulland\u0131ktan sonra \u00f6denmelerini engellemek i\u00e7in de TTK’n\u0131n 711. madde uyar\u0131nca \u00f6demeden men talimat vermek suretiyle \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131na engel olmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015flediklerinin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda; san\u0131klardan M.S’n\u0131n a\u015famalardaki t\u00fcm savunmalar\u0131nda, \u00e7ekleri kullanan A. \u015firketinin sahiplerinden olan H.A\/n\u0131n, kendilerinin yetkili oldu\u011fu P. \u015firketin ortaklar\u0131ndan oldu\u011funu, bu nedenle su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eklerin \u00e7ift imza ile imzalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bildi\u011fini, ancak aralar\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fki gere\u011fince mallar\u0131n tesliminden sonra ikinci imzan\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, daha sonra A. \u015firketinin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirmemesi nedeniyle \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 verdiklerini belirterek su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 kabul etmemesi, savunma do\u011frultusunda yap\u0131lan incelemede, P. \u015firketinin yetkili m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin san\u0131klar oldu\u011funun karar alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 14.08.2006 tarihli ortaklar kurulu karar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finden, tan\u0131k H.A\/n\u0131n da di\u011fer san\u0131klarla e\u015fit oranda \u015firket orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve imzas\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, ayr\u0131ca dosya kapsam\u0131ndan P. \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan A. \u015firketine verilmi\u015f olan \u00e7ift imzal\u0131 ba\u015fka \u00e7eklerin de oldu\u011funun tespit edilmesi ile .. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi’nin … tarih ve … E-K say\u0131l\u0131 ilam\u0131ndan A. \u015firket yetkilisi A.R.A. ile san\u0131klar\u0131n 30 y\u0131ldan beri ticari al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f i\u00e7erisinde bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, tan\u0131klar\u0131n su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eklerin m\u00fc\u015fterek imza ile imzalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bilmedikleri y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na uygun d\u00fc\u015fmemesi; \u00f6te yandan hesap sahibi ad\u0131na m\u00fc\u015ftereken \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisi bulunanlar\u0131n, tek imza ile \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etmeleri durumunda, hesap sahibi ger\u00e7ek ya da t\u00fczel ki\u015finin hukuki ve cezai sorumlulu\u011fu bulunmamakta ise de; T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmleri gere\u011fince imzalayan ki\u015finin \u00e7ekten kendi ad\u0131na sorumlu olaca\u011f\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, san\u0131k M.’nin tek ba\u015f\u0131na ke\u015fide etti\u011fi \u00e7eklerin, hukuken ge\u00e7erli \u00e7ek niteli\u011finde olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle ondan \u00e7ek bedellerinin tahsil edilmesinin de olanakl\u0131 olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; san\u0131klar\u0131n at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7tan beraatlar\u0131na karar verilmesi gerekirken, yaz\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde mahk\u00fbmiyetlerine h\u00fckmolunmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 10\/11\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/2615 Esas, 2014\/18448 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    – A. Limited \u015eirketi’nin orta\u011f\u0131 ve tek ba\u015f\u0131na yetkilisi olan san\u0131k A.’n\u0131n, \u015firketine ait 20.04.2007 ke\u015fide tarihli, 6.500 dolar bedelli \u00e7eki di\u011fer san\u0131k M.H\/ye imzalatarak kat\u0131lan A. Limited \u015eirketi’nden alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu mallar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda verdi\u011fi, ancak san\u0131k A.’n\u0131n daha sonra \u00e7eklerin elinden r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ederek bankaya \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 verdi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n kat\u0131lan \u015firket aleyhine TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-h maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledikleri iddia ve kabul olunan somut olayda;<\/p>\n

    San\u0131k Ali’nin a\u015famalarda de\u011fi\u015fmeyen savunmalar\u0131nda su\u00e7a konu \u00e7ekin \u015firketine ait oldu\u011funu ancak kendisinin ke\u015fide etmedi\u011fini, ke\u015fide tarihi itibariyle san\u0131k M.H.’nin tek ba\u015f\u0131na temsil ve ilzama yetkili oldu\u011funu, bu hususta 12.02.2007 tarihinde ortaklar kurulu karar\u0131 alarak san\u0131k M.H.’yi \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olarak tayin ettiklerini, kat\u0131lan \u015firketten ald\u0131klar\u0131 mallar\u0131n ay\u0131pl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerine geri vermek istediklerini, ancak kat\u0131lan \u015firketin buna yana\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kat\u0131lan \u015firkete 6.500 dolar bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, olay tarihinde iki adet \u00e7eklerinin kaybolmas\u0131 \u00fczerine bunlar\u0131n hangi \u00e7ekler oldu\u011funu bulabilmek amac\u0131yla 11-12 adet \u00e7ek i\u00e7in \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 verdi\u011fini, kat\u0131lan \u015firkete vermi\u015f olduklar\u0131 di\u011fer \u00e7ekle ilgili \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 vermedi\u011fini ifade etmesi, di\u011fer san\u0131k M.H.’nin de ke\u015fide tarihi itibariyle \u015firket ad\u0131na \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisi oldu\u011funu ve su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki kendisinin ke\u015fide etti\u011fini beyan etmesi, dosyada mevcut ticaret sicili gazetesine g\u00f6re de ke\u015fide tarihi\u00a0itibariyle \u015firket ad\u0131na \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme yetkisinin san\u0131k M.H.’ye ait oldu\u011funun belirtilmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; san\u0131klar\u0131n eylemlerinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etme fiilini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden dosya kapsam\u0131na uygun olmayan gerek\u00e7eyle yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 08\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/4636 Esas, 2014\/20593 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u00c7ift imza ile imzalanmas\u0131 gereken bir \u00e7ekin tek imza ile imzalan\u0131p piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sonra, \u00e7ekin tek imza ile imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esini ileri s\u00fcrerek borca itiraz edilirse doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fur, fakat, san\u0131k tek imzaya ra\u011fmen borcunu \u00f6demeyi kabul eder, herhangi bir itirazda bulunmazsa su\u00e7 olu\u015fmaz.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    S. isimli firman\u0131n orta\u011f\u0131 olan san\u0131k M.A.’n\u0131n, \u015firketi orta\u011f\u0131 \u0130.D. ile birlikte imza atarak temsil etmesi gerekti\u011fini bildi\u011fi halde, su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eke sadece kendisi imza at\u0131p kat\u0131lana vererek kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6ylelikle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fi iddia olunan olayda; gerek san\u0131k gerekse orta\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131k \u0130.D. beyanlar\u0131nda zaman zaman tek imza ile \u00e7ek d\u00fczenleyerek i\u015flerinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, herhangi bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 beyan ettikleri, san\u0131k M.’nin ba\u015ftan beri \u00e7ekteki imzas\u0131n\u0131 ve borcunu kabul etti\u011fi, yap\u0131lan icra takibine herhangi bir itiraz\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilerek, mahkemece san\u0131\u011f\u0131n unsurlar\u0131 itibar\u0131 ile olu\u015fmayan su\u00e7tan beraat\u0131na karar verilmesinde isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 12\/02\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/25174 Esas, 2014\/2463 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, S. A.\u015e ad\u0131na M.S. ya da M.S. ile birlikte m\u00fc\u015fterek imza ile \u00e7ek d\u00fczenlemeye yetkili oldu\u011fu halde tek imza ile \u00e7ek d\u00fczenleyerek kat\u0131lan \u015firkete verdi\u011fi, \u00e7ekin bankaya ibraz\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tek imza ile imzalanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ekin ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrerek icra takibine itiraz etti\u011fi ve takibin iptaline karar verildi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eyleminin bankay\u0131 arac\u0131 k\u0131lmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funun iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n savunmas\u0131nda kat\u0131lan \u015firket ile aralar\u0131nda s\u00fcregelen bir ticari ili\u015fki bulunup daha \u00f6nce de benzer \u015fekilde tek imza ile \u00e7ek ke\u015fide ederek verdi\u011fini, bedelini de \u00f6dedi\u011fini belirtmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kast\u0131n\u0131n tespitine y\u00f6nelik maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan kat\u0131lan \u015firkete daha \u00f6nce tek imza ile \u00e7ek verilip verilmedi\u011fi, verilmi\u015f ise bedelinin \u00f6denip \u00f6denmedi\u011fi hususlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak tespitinden sonra sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun tayin ve takdiri gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden eksik inceleme ile yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 26\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/13802 Esas, 2014\/5673 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u00c7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 mal alan m\u00fc\u015fteri, \u00e7ekin \u00e7ift imza ile ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu bilmesine ra\u011fmen tek imzal\u0131 olan \u00e7eki kabul ederse su\u00e7 olu\u015fmaz.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, S. Limited \u015eirketi yetkilisi ve orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu, \u015firket ad\u0131na olan \u00e7ek hesab\u0131ndan \u00e7ift imza ile \u00e7ek ke\u015fide etmesi gerekirken s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekleri tek imza ile ke\u015fide etmek sureti ile A.K’ye verdi\u011fi, A.K’nin da \u00e7ekleri bor\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi nedeniyle kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00e7ekleri bankaya ibraz\u0131nda, iki imza ile ke\u015fide edilmesi gerekli oldu\u011fu halde \u00e7eklerde tek imza bulunmas\u0131 nedeni ile \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n savunmas\u0131nda; s\u00f6z konusu \u00e7ekleri teminat senedi olarak tanzim edip A.K’ye verdi\u011fini, bu \u015fahs\u0131n \u00e7ekleri\u00a0iki imza ile ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu bilebilecek durumda oldu\u011funu\u00a0belirtmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en\u00a0A.K’nin duru\u015fmaya tan\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131yla davet edilerek konuya ili\u015fkin bilgi ve g\u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fc\u00a0sorulmadan eksik inceleme ile yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde karar verilmesi\u00a0(Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 26\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2 2012\/20921 Esas, 2014\/5650 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131klar\u0131n, E. Ltd. \u015eti\/n\u00een m\u00fc\u015ftereken temsile yetkili olduklar\u0131\u00a0ve \u00e7ekleri \u00e7ift imza ile imzalamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bildikleri halde kat\u0131lan\u00a0\u015firkete san\u0131k E nin \u00a0tek imzal\u0131 olarak \u00e7eki ke\u015fide edip ke\u015fideci imzas\u0131 eksikli\u011fi nedeniyle \u00e7eke \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131 verdikleri \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi iddia edilen olayda ger\u00e7e\u011fin ku\u015fkuya\u00a0yer vermeyecek \u015feklide ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan; kat\u0131lan \u015firket temsilcisinin\u00a0mahkemede \/erdi\u011fi ifadesinde su\u00e7a konu \u00e7eki san\u0131k E\/den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve san\u0131klar\u0131n \u015firketleriyle i\u015f yapt\u0131klar\u0131\u00a0tek imza ile d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f \u00e7eklerin kendilerine verildi\u011finde mal verdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bu ki\u015fiden, \u00e7eklerin \u00e7ift imza ile imzalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden haberdar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorulup \u00e7ift imza ile \u00e7ekler de mal verilip verilmedi\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak\u00a0\u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131n\u0131 veren \u015firket ad\u0131na imza atan ki\u015finin san\u0131k olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti ile kat\u0131lan\u0131n\u00a0dinlenmesi \u00e7ekin verildi\u011fi tarihte M.K’nin g\u00f6revli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilerek mal al\u0131m\u0131na\u00a0muhatap olmayan, \u00f6demeden men talimat\u0131n\u0131 veren ki\u015fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dosya kapsam\u0131 ile belirlenen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7a ne \u015fekilde kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 denetime izin verecek \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klanmadan ve mal al\u0131\u015f veri\u015finin kat\u0131lan taraf\u0131ndan tek imza ile de kabul edilmesi halinde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun ne \u015fekilde olu\u015ftu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klanarak sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131klar\u0131n\u00a0 hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayini gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde eksik incelemeyle mahkumiyet karan verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/01\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/8221 Esas, 2014\/1313 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Madde 157 –<\/span> <\/strong>(1) Hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla bir kimseyi aldat\u0131p, onun veya ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n zarar\u0131na olarak, kendisine veya ba\u015fkas\u0131na bir yarar sa\u011flayan ki\u015fiye bir y\u0131ldan be\u015f y\u0131la kadar hapis ve be\u015fbin g\u00fcne kadar adl\u00ee para cezas\u0131 verilir. (Asliye ceza)<\/em><\/p>\n

    765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK\u2019undaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k maddesi: Madde 503,52l\/a<\/em><\/p>\n

    Temyiz \u0130ncelemesinde G\u00f6revli Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Dairesi: 15. ve 23.CD (1\/2 Ortak)<\/p>\n

    Maddeyle ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ve bilinmesi gerekenler<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n bir k\u0131s\u0131m akrabalar zarar\u0131na (Ba\u015fkalar\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011finde) i\u015flenmesi halinde cezaya h\u00fckmedilmez. (Madde 167\/1) Cezaya h\u00fckmolunmayacak bu hallerde Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131s\u0131 kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verebilir ve bu karara itiraz edilemez. (CMK.171 ve 173)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Yine bu su\u00e7lar bir k\u0131s\u0131m yak\u0131nlar zarar\u0131na (Ba\u015fkalar\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011finde) i\u015flenmesi halinde de soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bu hallerde uzla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fil, cezaland\u0131rmada ise ceza yar\u0131s\u0131 oran\u0131nda indirilir. (Madde 167\/2,CMK.253\/3) Ancak 19.12.2006 tarihine kadar i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda uzla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Su\u00e7a s\u00fcr\u00fcklenenin onbe\u015f ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f \u00e7ocuk olmas\u0131 halinde bu su\u00e7lardan dolay\u0131 tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez. (\u00c7KK.21)<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bu su\u00e7lardan elde edilen hak, alacak ve di\u011fer malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerine elkonulabilir. (CMK.128)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7larda ka\u00e7ak san\u0131\u011f\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019 de bulunan mallar\u0131na, hak ve alacaklar\u0131na elkonulabilir. (CMK.248)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7larda zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sekiz y\u0131ld\u0131r. (TCK, m.66) Buna g\u00f6re: (B\u00fcy\u00fckler i\u00e7in: 8+4 y\u0131l=12 y\u0131l) (16, 17 ve 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndakiler i\u00e7in: 5 y\u0131l 4 ay+2 y\u0131l 8 ay=8 y\u0131l) (13, 14 ve 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndakiler i\u00e7in: 4+2 y\u0131l=6 y\u0131l)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7lardan yabanc\u0131 \u00fclke mahkemelerinden verilen h\u00fck\u00fcmler tekerr\u00fcre esas al\u0131n\u0131r, (m.58\/4)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7larda san\u0131k istinabe suretiyle sorguya \u00e7ekilebilir, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc ve sesli ileti\u015fim tekni\u011finin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle sorgusu yap\u0131labilir. (CMK, m. 196\/2,4)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00ae Bu su\u00e7larda tutukluluk s\u00fcresi en \u00e7ok bir y\u0131ld\u0131r. Ancak bu s\u00fcre, zorunlu hallerde gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6sterilerek alt\u0131 ay daha uzat\u0131labilir.-B\u00f6ylece toplam tutukluluk s\u00fcresi bir y\u0131l alt\u0131 ayd\u0131r. (CMK. 102\/1)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n ma\u011fduru m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarara u\u011frayan ki\u015fidir. 00 Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u hile te\u015fkil eden davran\u0131\u015flarla birlikte bir yarar sa\u011flamada birden fazla fiil s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu nedenle bu su\u00e7 m\u00fcrekkep (bile\u015fik) su\u00e7tur.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u201cKadastro Kanununun 16.maddesine g\u00f6re; Kadastro tutanaklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir kimse sahibi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131 hile ile veya kendisine ait olmayan kay\u0131t ve belgeler kullanarak, kendisi veya ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na kaydettirirse, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k veya belgede sahtecilik su\u00e7una ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d (3402\/43) O\u00a9 \u201c\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcler ve Ayar Kanununun 16.maddesine g\u00f6re; Ayar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fi aletle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc yapan ve bu suretle haks\u0131z menfaat temin eden ki\u015fi, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7una ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d (3516\/16)<\/p>\n

    Kamu g\u00f6revlisinin g\u00f6rev ve s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanarak menfaatin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131 inand\u0131rarak haks\u0131z menfaat elde etmesi halinde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fil, ikna suretiyle irtikap su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

    Kartopu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde (Titan \u00f6rne\u011fi gibi) sisteme sonradan giren ki\u015filerin sistemin i\u015fleyi\u015fi ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 konusunda ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131, buna ra\u011fmen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yerine getirilmemesi durumunda doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan s\u00f6z edilemeyecektir. (\u00d6zt\u00fcrk-Erdem, s.334 ve 342)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Soru\u015fturmay\u0131 yapan Cumhuriyet savc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fu hususlara da dikkat etmeleri gerekir.<\/p>\n

    1-Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n soru\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n bizzat Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc nitelikli halleri (m. 158) a\u011f\u0131r cezal\u0131k su\u00e7lardand\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

    2-Bu su\u00e7larda g\u00f6zalt\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n

    3-Bu su\u00e7larda zincirleme su\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r, (m.43\/1,2)<\/em><\/p>\n

    4-Bu su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gerekli olursa fizik kimli\u011fin tespiti yap\u0131labilir. (CMK, m.81).<\/em><\/p>\n

    5-Bu su\u00e7larda ileti\u015fimin tespiti yap\u0131labilir. Ancak ileti\u015fimin dinlenmesi veya kayda al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u015flemi yap\u0131lamaz. (CMK, m. 135\/6)<\/em><\/p>\n

    6-Bu su\u00e7lar te\u015febb\u00fcse elveri\u015fli su\u00e7lardand\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

    7-Bu su\u00e7lara i\u015ftirak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu m\u00fc\u015fterek faillik, azmettirme ve yard\u0131m etme \u015feklinde de olabilir. Azmettiren ayn\u0131 su\u00e7u birlikte i\u015flemi\u015fse m\u00fc\u015fterek fail gibi cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

    * * \u0130lk derece mahkemesinin bu su\u00e7tan verilen beraat karar\u0131n\u0131 esastan reddeden B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin (istinaf\u0131n) karar\u0131 temyizi kabil de\u011fil, temyiz edilemez. (CMK, m.286\/2-f.)<\/p>\n

    Maddeyle ilgili Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu ve Ceza Daireleri kararlar\u0131ndan \u00f6zetler<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    1- (Konu\u015fmak i\u00e7in ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 telefonu al\u0131p ka\u00e7mak)<\/strong><\/span> Su\u00e7 tarihinde evinde bulunan kat\u0131lan\u0131n ziline bas\u0131p alt katta bulunan kiral\u0131k d\u00fckkan\u0131n kime ait oldu\u011funu soran, kat\u0131lana ait oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenince kot d\u00fckkan\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bir depoya ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funu ifade ederek d\u00fckkan\u0131 kiralama niyetinde oldu\u011fu izlenimini uyand\u0131ran san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kendi d\u00fckkan\u0131nda kahve i\u00e7erek kira s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapmay\u0131 teklif etti\u011fi, bu teklifi kabul eden kat\u0131lanla yolda giderken alaca\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fundan bahisle bir kot d\u00fckkan\u0131na girdikten soma d\u00fckkan sahibini bekliyor izlenimini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, bu s\u0131rada \u00e7e\u015fitli telefon g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri yaparak y\u00fcksek miktarda para havalelerinden bahsetmek suretiyle ekonomik durumu iyi bir i\u015f adam\u0131 oldu\u011fu kanaatini uyand\u0131rd\u0131ktan soma telefonunun \u015farj\u0131n\u0131n bitti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek kat\u0131lan\u0131n cep telefonunu istedi\u011fi ve kendi hatt\u0131n\u0131 takt\u0131\u011f\u0131 telefonla konu\u015fuyormu\u015f gibi yaparak olay yerinden fark ettirmeden uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durum itibariyle ma\u011fduru yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile ustaca sergiledi\u011fi hareketlerin hileli davran\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu, TCK\u2019nun 157. maddesinin d\u00fczenleni\u015f \u015fekli ve maddenin gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, zilyetli\u011fin ge\u00e7ici olarak teslimini sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik bile olsa hileli davran\u0131\u015flar kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu hileli davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu zilyetlik teslim edilmi\u015fse doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fabilece\u011finden, eyleminin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc gerekmektedir. Ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda \u00f6nemli olan husus zilyetli\u011fin hileli davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu devredilmesi olup, zilyetli\u011fin belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in san\u0131\u011fa devredilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u015fartlar\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fabilecektir. Bu itibarla, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemini doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak vas\u0131fland\u0131ran yerel mahkeme h\u00fckm\u00fc ile bu h\u00fckm\u00fc onayan \u00d6zel Daire karar\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz\u0131n\u0131n reddine karar verilmelidir. (CGK, 25.11.2014\/655-515)<\/span><\/p>\n

    2-(Basit yalan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaz)<\/strong><\/span> San\u0131\u011f\u0131n rahats\u0131zlanan annesini \u00fczerinde foto\u011fraf\u0131 bulunan kendisine ait sa\u011fl\u0131k karnesi\u00a0 hastanede tedavi ettirmesi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen somut olayda, safl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015flem yapmak i\u00e7in hastane yetkililerine verdi\u011fi sa\u011fl\u0131k karnesinde kendi foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131, san\u0131k ile annesi aras\u0131ndaki ya\u015f fark\u0131n\u0131n 25 olmas\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k karnesinin yatan hastaya ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hastane g\u00f6revlisi gaf\u0131ndan ilk bak\u0131\u015fta hemen ve kolayl\u0131kla fark edilmesi gibi hususlar birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n basit bir yalandan ibaret olan eyleminin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun maddi konusunun hareket unsurunu olu\u015fturan hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak nitelendirilemeyece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

    3-(Kumas\u0131n\u0131n maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 alan kad\u0131n) –<\/strong><\/span>Ger\u00e7ek hak sahibi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hemen fark edilebilece\u011fi-Hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131) Herhangi bir geliri ya da sosyal g\u00fcvencesi bulunmayan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, e\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan g\u00fcndelik i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak kendisinden on ya\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck ve fel\u00e7li olan kumas\u0131 Cennet Koca\u2019ya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131, kumas\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bankaya birlikte giderek ald\u0131klar\u0131, banka g\u00f6revlilerinin fel\u00e7li olan Cennet\u2019i g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra paray\u0131 \u00f6dedikleri, ikisinin de okuma yazma bilmemesi nedeniyle banka dekontuna ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en \u015fahs\u0131n m\u00fchr\u00fc ile birlikte san\u0131\u011f\u0131n parmak izinin al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, kumas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra ona ait ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilebilecek durumda olmayan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kumas\u0131n\u0131n son maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 almak \u00fczere her zaman gitti\u011fi bankaya m\u00fcracaat edip ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, makbuzda ger\u00e7ek hak sahibinin ismi ve m\u00fchr\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n parmak izinin de bulundu\u011fu, bu durumun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerine \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i kurumun zarar\u0131n\u0131 faiziyle kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yerel mahkemece duru\u015fmada san\u0131k ile kumas\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015f fark\u0131 bulundu\u011fu ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha gen\u00e7 durdu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemine yer verildi\u011fi, hususlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, her ay kumas\u0131n\u0131n maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 almak \u00fczere gitti\u011fi banka g\u00f6revlileri taraf\u0131ndan, kimlikteki foto\u011frafa bak\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde hemen fark edilebilecek nitelikteki fiilinin, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun maddi konusunun hareket unsurunu olu\u015fturan \u201chileli davran\u0131\u015f\u201d olarak nitelendirilemeyece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 11.7.2014\/256-368)<\/span><\/p>\n

    4-Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve G\u00fcveni K\u00f6t\u00fcye Kullanma su\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong> <\/span>aras\u0131nda \u015fu farklar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir:<\/p>\n

    Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ile g\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanmak su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong><\/span> \u201cteslim\u201d gibi ortak noktalar\u0131 varsa da bu iki su\u00e7un farklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    a-) G\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unda mal\u0131n teslimi belirli bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131lmak i\u00e7in hukuka, y\u00f6ntemlere uygun, aldat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir iradeye dayan\u0131larak tesis edildi\u011fi halde, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda hileli davran\u0131\u015flar kullan\u0131larak sakatlanm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zg\u00fcr olmayan bir iradeye dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

    b-) Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda, haks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla su\u00e7 tamamlanmaktad\u0131r. Su\u00e7un olu\u015ftu\u011fu an, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131, zarar\u0131n verildi\u011fi and\u0131r. G\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unda ise, su\u00e7un olu\u015ftu\u011fu an, kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u201czilyedli\u011fin devri amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tasarrufta bulunma veya bu devir olgusunu ink\u00e2r\u201d gibi se\u00e7imlik hareketlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi an olup, bu \u00e2na kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemler su\u00e7 olu\u015fturmaz.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

    c-) Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta olu\u015fan bir kast bulunmaktad\u0131r. Zilyetli\u011fin hileli davran\u0131\u015flar kullan\u0131larak elde edilmesi, bu su\u00e7ta mal\u0131n teslimi \u00f6ncesi kast bulundu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unda ise, sonradan olu\u015fan bir kast s\u00f6z konusudur. Mal fer\u2019i zilyede belli ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in tevdi edildikten sonra, iade edilmesi a\u015famas\u0131nda mal\u0131n tesliminden sonra kast olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Kast \u00f6\u011fesi olaysal olarak de\u011ferlendirilmeli, fail veya faillerin durumu, ma\u011fdurla olan ili\u015fki ve olay\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 nazara al\u0131n\u0131p sonuca var\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em> (CGK, 24.9.2013\/1358-389)<\/span><\/p>\n

    5-H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k ve Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong> <\/span>aras\u0131nda \u015fu farklar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir:<\/p>\n

    a-) H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unda e\u015fya, sahibinin (zilyedinin) r\u0131zas\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda mal, sahibinin (zilyedin) r\u0131zas\u0131yla teslim edilmektedir. Ancak bu r\u0131za failin hileli davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile elde edilmi\u015f olup, ge\u00e7erli bir r\u0131za de\u011fildir.<\/em><\/p>\n

    b-) H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unun konusunu sadece ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar olu\u015fturmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n konusunu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar da olu\u015fturabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n

    c-) H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unda yarar sa\u011flama amac\u0131yla hareket edilmesi ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla genel kast\u0131n yan\u0131nda bu saikin de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekirken, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda b\u00f6yle bir ama\u00e7la hareket edilmesine gerek bulunmamaktad\u0131r, zira kanun metninde failin su\u00e7 i\u015fleme amac\u0131n\u0131n ne olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi yaz\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re failin fiilini bilerek ve isteyerek ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi yeterlidir.<\/em><\/p>\n

    H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k-G\u00fcveni K\u00f6t\u00fcye Kullanma su\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u015fu farklar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir:<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k ile g\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 ortak noktalan bulunmakla birlikte, bu iki su\u00e7un birbirinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde belirlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr:<\/p>\n

    a-) H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unun konusu sadece ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r bir mal iken, g\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unun konusunu hem ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r hem de ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mallar olu\u015fturabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n

    b-) G\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unda mal\u0131n teslimi, muhafaza edilmek veya belirli bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere hukuka ve y\u00f6ntemine uygun, aldat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir iradeye dayan\u0131larak yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unda ise ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mal zilyedinin r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

    c-) H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unda, zilyedinin r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mal\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerden al\u0131nmas\u0131yla su\u00e7 olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unda ise, su\u00e7un olu\u015ftu\u011fu an, zilyetli\u011fin devri amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tasarrufta bulunuldu\u011fu veya bu devir olgusunun ink\u00e2r edildi\u011fi and\u0131r. Bunun sonucu olarak bu a\u015famaya kadar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemler su\u00e7 olu\u015fturmayacakt\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

    d-) H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unda failde ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan itibaren su\u00e7 i\u015fleme kast\u0131 bulunmakta iken, g\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unda sonradan olu\u015fan bir kast s\u00f6z konusudur. Mal\u0131n fer\u2019i zilyede belli ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in tevdi edilmesinden sonra kast olu\u015fmakta ve g\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7u i\u015flenmektedir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k konusu de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde;<\/em><\/p>\n

    M\u00fc\u015ftekinin olay g\u00fcn\u00fc kendisine ait olan motosikleti ile bir bakkala al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapmak \u00fczere gitti\u011fi, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131ktan sonra d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kap\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi ve tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n marketin \u00f6n\u00fcnde duran motosikletin kendisine ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011fu, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin kendisine ait oldu\u011funu belirtti\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde motosikleti sat\u0131n alma niyetinde oldu\u011fu izlenimini kar\u015f\u0131 tarafta uyand\u0131ran san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftekiye yak\u0131ndaki bir kahvehanede bu maksatla oturup konu\u015fmay\u0131 teklif etti\u011fi, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin bu teklifi kabul etti\u011fi ve bir kahvehanede oturduklar\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n burada kendisinden ve hayat\u0131ndan bahsederek g\u00fcven olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, konu\u015fma sonunda 1.000 Liraya motosikleti sat\u0131n alma konusunda anla\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00fczerine san\u0131\u011f\u0131n deneme yalan\u0131 ile motosikleti alarak olay yerinden gitti\u011fi ve bir daha d\u00f6nmedi\u011fi olayda, TCK\u2019nun 157. maddesinin d\u00fczenleni\u015f \u015fekli ve maddenin gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, zilyetli\u011fin ge\u00e7ici olarak teslimini sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik bile olsa hileli davran\u0131\u015flar kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu hileli davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu zilyetlik teslim edilmi\u015fse doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fabilece\u011finden, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc gerekmektedir. Ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda \u00f6nemli olan husus zilyetli\u011fin hileli davran\u0131\u015flar sonucu devredilmesi olup, zilyetli\u011fin belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in san\u0131\u011fa devredilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u015fartlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fabilecektir. (CGK, 24.9.2013\/1358-389)<\/span><\/p>\n

    6-(Evlenme ile dul ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kestirmemede doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fmaz)<\/strong> <\/span>E\u015finden dolay\u0131 dul ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 almaya ba\u015flamas\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 31.10.1997 tarihinde yeniden resmen evlenmesine kar\u015f\u0131n evlendi\u011fini kat\u0131lan kuruma bildirmeyerek bu tarihten sonra da \u00f6len sigortal\u0131 e\u015finden dolay\u0131 ayl\u0131k almaya devam etmesi, (…) san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeniden resmen evlenmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, n\u00fcfus kay\u0131tlar\u0131na resmi olarak i\u015flenen bu hususu kat\u0131lan kuruma bildirmeyerek ayl\u0131k almaya devam etmesi eylemi hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul edilemeyece\u011finden doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kald\u0131 k\u0131, san\u0131\u011fa kanuni d\u00fczenlemelere uygun olarak ayl\u0131k ba\u011fland\u0131ktan sonra da, ayl\u0131k alma \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n devam edip etmedi\u011fi hususunun mevzuatta yer alan d\u00fczenlemeler uyar\u0131nca kat\u0131lan kurum taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilmesi gerekirken bu i\u015flemler de yerine getirilmemi\u015ftir. Nitekim, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeniden evlendi\u011fi hususu, evlenme tarihinden yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 y\u0131l 6 ay sonra n\u00fcfus kay\u0131tlar\u0131 incelenerek tespit edilmi\u015f ve ba\u015flat\u0131lan idari soru\u015fturma sonucunda ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesilerek yersiz \u00f6denen miktar\u0131n iadesi i\u015flemleri ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(…) su\u00e7un yasal unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmamas\u0131 nedeniyle beraatine karar verilmesi bir isabetsizlik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131. (CGK, 3.12.2013\/510-579)<\/span><\/p>\n

    7-(Emekli maa\u015f\u0131 almak i\u00e7in muvazaal\u0131 bo\u015fanma)<\/span><\/strong> 12.05.1969 tarihinde evlenen san\u0131klar\u0131n Bart\u0131n 1. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesinin 09.03.2004 tarihinde kesinle\u015fen ilam\u0131 ile anla\u015fmal\u0131 olarak bo\u015fanmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ayn\u0131 evde oturmaya devam etmeleri, bo\u015fanma karar\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra san\u0131k Ay\u015fe\u2019nin \u00f6len sigortal\u0131 babas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ayl\u0131k almak i\u00e7in kat\u0131lan kuruma m\u00fcracaatta bulunmas\u0131 ve 506 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca 01.04.2004 tarihinden itibaren kat\u0131lan kurumdan ayl\u0131k almaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, bo\u015fanmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen birlikte ya\u015famaya devam eden san\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan mevzuata g\u00f6re verilen, halen de ge\u00e7erli olan ve hukuki sonu\u00e7 do\u011furan bo\u015fanma ilam\u0131na dayanarak kat\u0131lan kuruma ayl\u0131k ba\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuruda bulunmalar\u0131 eylemi hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul edilemeyece\u011finden doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131 olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim bo\u015fanma nedeniyle ayl\u0131k ba\u011fland\u0131ktan sonra bo\u015fan\u0131lan e\u015fle fiilen birlikte ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi halinde, \u00f6denmekte olan ayl\u0131k 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 56. maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca kesilerek yap\u0131lan yersiz \u00f6demeler ayn\u0131 kanunun 96. maddesi ve \u201cFazla veya Yersiz \u00d6demelerin Tahsiline \u0130li\u015fkin Usul ve Esaslar Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca ilgili kurum taraf\u0131ndan kanuni faizi ile birlikte tahsil edilecek, ancak bu y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin 5. maddesine 04.05.2013 tarihinde eklenen 3. f\u0131kraya g\u00f6re ilgili ki\u015filer hakk\u0131nda kurum taraf\u0131ndan art\u0131k Cumhuriyet savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na su\u00e7 duyurusunda da bulunulmayacakt\u0131r. (CGK, 26.11.2013\/1363-533)<\/span><\/p>\n

    8-(Bankamatik s\u0131ras\u0131nda ma\u011fduru kand\u0131rarak elindeki zarf\u0131 almak)<\/span><\/strong> San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bankamatikten para \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fc\u015ftekiye yard\u0131m etmek bahanesiyle yakla\u015farak fazla para \u00e7ekmesini sa\u011flamas\u0131, sonras\u0131nda fazladan \u00e7ekilen paran\u0131n faizini \u00f6dememesi i\u00e7in paray\u0131 zarfa koyarak geri yat\u0131rmay\u0131 teklif etmesi, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin bu teklifi kabul ederek i\u00e7inde 800 Lira paran\u0131n bulundu\u011fu zarf\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa teslim etmesi ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da zar! t bankamati\u011fe yat\u0131r\u0131r gibi yapt\u0131ktan sonra olay yerinden h\u0131zla uzakla\u015fmas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, eylemin h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecek ise de, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi yan\u0131ltacak \\e kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile ustaca planlay\u0131p sergiledi\u011fi\u00a0hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda m\u00fc\u015ftekinin r\u0131zas\u0131yla elindeki para zarf\u0131n\u0131 kendisine teslim etmesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi aldat\u0131p, onun zarar\u0131na olarak, kendisine yarar sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabit oldu\u011fundan, eylemin h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 4.6.2013\/1353-287)<\/span><\/p>\n

    9- (Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda temel cezan\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rdan tayini-G\u00fcven sonucu al\u0131nan arac\u0131n getirilmemesi))<\/span> <\/strong>Daha \u00f6nce de ayn\u0131 tarzda doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flemesi nedeniyle kollukta kayd\u0131 bulunan san\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n soru\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131nda foto\u011fraf \u00fczerinden te\u015fhis etti\u011fi, (…) Yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcreci boyunca maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fe ula\u015fma ve adaleti sa\u011flama yolunda \u00e7aba harcayan, san\u0131\u011f\u0131 birebir g\u00f6zlemleyen yerel mahkemece, alt s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 1 y\u0131l \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131n ise 5 y\u0131l olan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda temel cezan\u0131n alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015f\u0131larak 5 y\u0131l olarak tayin ve takdir edilmesinde isabetsizlik bulunmamakta olup, bu uygulama 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK\u2019nun 3\/1. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen \u201corant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k\u201d ilkesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00d6zel Daire karar\u0131n\u0131n 1 no’lu bendindeki bozma nedeni isabetsizdir.<\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n kat\u0131landan kendisini arac\u0131yla \u015eanl\u0131urfa\u2019ya g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesini istedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n bunu kabul etti\u011fi, birlikte yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131, saat 20.30 s\u0131ralar\u0131nda Birecik\u2019te bir tesiste durduklar\u0131, yemek yedikleri s\u0131rada san\u0131k e\u015finin Birecik\u2019te oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek e\u015fini almak i\u00e7in kat\u0131landan arabas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n bu iste\u011fi kabul ederek arac\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n geri gelmemesi \u00fczerine bir s\u00fcre bekleyen kat\u0131lan\u0131n durumu kolluk birimlerine bildirdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n arabay\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra K\u0131z\u0131ltepe\u2019ye gitti\u011fi, orada arabay\u0131 ba\u015fka bir dosyan\u0131n m\u00fc\u015ftekisi olan Veysel \u00d6zel\u2019in evinin \u00f6n\u00fcne park etti\u011fi ve doktor oldu\u011funu, arac\u0131n\u0131n bozuldu\u011funu, hastaneye malzeme yeti\u015ftirmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek Veysel\u2019e ait arac\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n arac\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131z\u0131ltepe\u2019de bulunarak kendisine iade edildi\u011fi, (eylemin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k oldu\u011fu) (CGK, 9.4.2013\/1534-132)<\/span><\/p>\n

    10- (R\u0131zayla al\u0131nan telefonu vermemek)<\/span><\/strong> Kat\u0131lan\u0131n yolda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve daha \u00f6nceden tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 inceleme d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olan san\u0131k Hakan\u2019\u0131n onu pastaneye davet etmesinden sonra san\u0131klar Recep ve Nevzat\u2019\u0131n gelmesi, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra bir kavga olay\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve Recep\u2019in kavgaya gitmek \u00fczere birine telefon a\u00e7mak zorunda oldu\u011fu bahanesi ile \u00f6nce Recep, sonra da onun ad\u0131na Hakan taraf\u0131ndan cep telefonunun istenmesi \u00fczerine Recep\u2019e telefonunu vermesi, d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan Recep\u2019in yakla\u015f\u0131k onbe\u015f dakika sonra kavga oldu\u011funu haber vererek kat\u0131lan ve di\u011fer san\u0131klar\u0131 pazar yerine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131, pazar yerinde kavga oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde \u00fcst\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131 da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k bir hakle telefonun d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, hatta kavgaya gelen di\u011fer \u015fah\u0131slar taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmesi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n telefonla ilgili olarak g\u00f6revlilere \u015fik\u00e2yette bulunmak istemesi \u00fczerine san\u0131klar\u0131n engel olmalar\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu kavga ile ilgili olarak kolluk g\u00f6revlilerine haber verilmemesi, san\u0131k Recep\u2019in ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n kavga olay\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamamalar\u0131 \u015feklinde geli\u015fen olayda, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan itibaren kat\u0131lan\u0131n telefonunu alma kast\u0131yla hareket etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lan san\u0131klar ile kat\u0131lan aras\u0131nda kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unun olu\u015fmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla aranan nitelikte, taraflar\u0131n aldat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradeleriyle kurulan ve hukuken ge\u00e7erli olan bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hukuksal anlamda ge\u00e7erli bir zilyetlik devri bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, s\u00f6zle\u015fme sonucu meydana gelmi\u015f olan g\u00fcven ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak g\u00fcveni k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7undan s\u00f6z edilemeyecektir. San\u0131klar\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durum itibariyle ma\u011fduru yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile etkin g\u00f6rev payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7inde ustaca sergiledikleri hareketlerinin hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011finden, hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda ma\u011fdur zarar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemin h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 19.2.21l3\/1319-60)<\/span><\/p>\n

    11-(Temel cezan\u0131n belirlenmesi)<\/strong> Yerel mahkemece, temel ceza belirlenirken, \u201csu\u00e7un i\u015fleni\u015f bi\u00e7imi, fiilin \u00f6zellikleri, su\u00e7 konusunun \u00f6nemi, kast\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yo\u011funlu\u011fu\u201d \u015feklinde kullan\u0131lan gerek\u00e7enin TCK\u2019n\u0131n 61. maddesi anlam\u0131nda yasal, yeterli ve dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fine uygun oldu\u011funda ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015f\u0131larak ceza tayin edilmesinin yerinde bir uygulama oldu\u011funda \u015f\u00fcphe bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak, su\u00e7a konu cep telefonun de\u011ferinin 130 Lira oldu\u011fu ve t\u00fcm dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, an\u0131lan Kanunun 157\/1. maddesi gere\u011fince 1 ila 5 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulurken temel h\u00fcrriyeti ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 cezan\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rdan 5 y\u0131l olarak belirlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131, ayn\u0131 Kanunun 3\/1. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen \u201corant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k\u201d ilkesiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmamaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, somut olayda yerel mahkemece san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan temel h\u00fcrriyeti ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 cezan\u0131n, i\u015flenen fiil ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olmayacak \u015fekilde \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rdan belirlenmesi yerinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00d6zel Daire karar\u0131nda isabetsizlik bulunmamaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 25.12.2012\/1280-1864)<\/span><\/p>\n

    12-(Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131nda zincirleme su\u00e7)<\/strong><\/span> Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda zincirleme su\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun temel \u015fekli veya nitelikli hallerinin de\u011fi\u015fik zamanlarda en iki ez ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekmektedir. Yasadaki su\u00e7 tan\u0131m\u0131na uygun en az iki kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k eyleminin fail taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenmesi, her iki eylemin birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ayr\u0131 ayn doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmas\u0131, di\u011fer bir ifade ile t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131yla en az iki doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun fail taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenmesi gerekmektedir. (CGK. 26.06.2012\/420-249)<\/span><\/p>\n

    13-(Su\u00e7 vasf\u0131 nedeniyle bozma)<\/strong><\/span> Asliye Ceza Mahkemesinin TCK\u2019n\u0131n 157\/1 .maddesiyle mahkumiyete dair h\u00fck\u00fcm san\u0131k temyizi \u00fczerine ceza dairesince \u201ceylemin TCK\u2019n\u0131n 158\/1-g maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u2018bas\u0131n ve yay\u0131n ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131ktan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u2019 su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delillerin takdirinin \u00fcst dereceli a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesine ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilip g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken yarg\u0131lamaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle bozulmu\u015f ve itiraz\u0131 inceleyen genel kurulda bu bozmay\u0131 yerinde g\u00f6rerek Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n itiraz\u0131n\u0131 reddetmi\u015ftir (CGK, 22.5.2012\/442-204)<\/span><\/p>\n

    14-(\u00dcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 be\u015f y\u0131l olan bir su\u00e7ta temel cezan\u0131n tayini)<\/strong><\/span> Yerel mahkemece temel ceza belirlenirken, \u201csan\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7u i\u015fleyi\u015f bi\u00e7imi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kast\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlu\u011fu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n amac\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde kullan\u0131lan alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015fma gerek\u00e7esi TCK\u2019n\u0131n 61. maddesi anlam\u0131nda yasal, yeterli ve dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fine uygundur. Yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcreci boyunca maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fe ula\u015fma ve adaleti sa\u011flama yolunda \u00e7aba harcayan, san\u0131\u011f\u0131 birebir g\u00f6zlemleyen yerel mahkemece, alt s\u0131n\u0131n 1 y\u0131l \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131n ise 5 y\u0131l olan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda temel cezan\u0131n alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015f\u0131larak 3 y\u0131l olarak tayin ve takdir edilmesinde isabetsizlik bulunmamakta olup, bu uygulama TCK\u2019n\u0131n 3\/1. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen \u201corant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k\u201d ilkesine de ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmamaktad\u0131r. (CGK. 15.05.2012\/116-191)<\/span><\/p>\n

    15-(Hile ve desisenin niteli\u011fi)<\/span><\/strong> \u201cHile ve desisenin kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k niteli\u011fi, y\u00f6neldi\u011fi ki\u015fi veya ki\u015filerin aldanma yetene\u011fi di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle s\u00fcbjektif durumlar\u0131 itibariyle olaysal olarak de\u011ferlendirmelidir. Objektif bir de\u011ferlendirme ile kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k niteli\u011fi belirlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde herkes i\u00e7in genel ve objektif bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn bulunmas\u0131ndaki zorluk yan\u0131nda daha \u00e7abuk kand\u0131rabilecek zeka seviyesine sahip insanlar hukuki korunmadan yoksun kalacaklard\u0131r. Bu nedenle hile ve desisenin kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k niteli\u011fine ula\u015f\u0131p ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 her somut olayda, olay\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fi, ma\u011fdurun durumu, faille olan ili\u015fkisi, kullan\u0131lan hile, desise vb. kriterler ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ele al\u0131narak yarg\u0131\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmelidir\u201d (…)<\/p>\n

    1- \u00a0Hangi hareketin aldatmaya elveri\u015fli oldu\u011fu somut olaya g\u00f6re ve ma\u011fdurun i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu duruma g\u00f6re belirlenmelidir. Bu konuda \u00d6nceden bir kriter olu\u015fturmak olanakl\u0131 de\u011fildir\u201d (\u00d6zbek)<\/em><\/p>\n

    2- \u201cHileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n anlam\u0131 birtak\u0131m sahte, suni hareketler ile ger\u00e7e\u011fin \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, gizlenmesi ve saklanmas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d(Soyaslan)\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

    3-\u201dHilenin, ma\u011fduru hataya s\u00fcr\u00fckleyecek nitelikte olmas\u0131 yeterli-dir ortalama bir insan\u0131 hataya s\u00fcr\u00fckleyecek nitelikte olmas\u0131 aranmaz. Bu nedenle, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n hile te\u015fkil edip etmedi\u011fi muhataba ve olaya g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.\u201d(Centel vd.)<\/em><\/p>\n

    Bu bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somut olay de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde;<\/p>\n

    Arsas\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 mahallede bulunan ba\u015fka bir arsayla takas etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen kat\u0131lan\u0131n telefon numaras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kendisini Almanya\u2019dan gelen i\u015fadam\u0131 olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p, takas\u0131 istenen arsan\u0131n sahibi oldu\u011funu, arsa ve 25.000 liras\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda takasa haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu belirtip, s\u00f6ylem ve eylemleri ile g\u00fcven telkin ederek, 5.000 liras\u0131 pe\u015fin, kalan 20.000 liras\u0131 ise tapu i\u015flemlerinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn verilmek \u00fczere kat\u0131lanla anla\u015fmaya vard\u0131\u011f\u0131, 5000 liray\u0131 alan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, tapu dairesine gidildi\u011finde ger\u00e7e\u011fin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilinci i\u00e7inde bu kez tapu i\u015flemlerinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn, k\u0131z karde\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve bu nedenle acilen paraya ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde kurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mizansenle katliam inand\u0131rarak kalan 20.000 liray\u0131 da kat\u0131landan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n kendisine olan g\u00fcvenini iyice peki\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla da 25.000 lira de\u011ferinde senedi kat\u0131lana vermesi \u015feklinde geli\u015fen olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendisini Almanya\u2019dan gelen i\u015fadam\u0131 olarak tan\u0131tmas\u0131, k\u0131z karde\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve bu nedenle acilen paraya ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde olu\u015fturdu\u011fu mizansen ve kat\u0131lan\u0131n kendisine olan g\u00fcvenini iyice peki\u015ftirmek ve denetleme olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla kat\u0131lana 25.000 lira de\u011ferinde senet vermesi \u015feklindeki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde hileli olup, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu davran\u0131\u015flar sonucunda kat\u0131lan\u0131 aldatarak kendisine yarar sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u yasal unsurlar\u0131 itibariyle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. (Hangi davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n hileli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu kapsamda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi yolunda genel bir kural koymak olduk\u00e7a zor olmakla birlikte, olaysal olarak de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmal\u0131, olay\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fi, ma\u011fdurun durumu, fiille olan ili\u015fkisi, kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa gizlenen veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilen belgenin nitelikleri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 nazara al\u0131nmak suretiyle sonuca ula\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r)(CGK, 13.3.2012\/488-97) <\/span><\/p>\n

    16-(Kan verdirmek bahanesiyle doland\u0131rmak)<\/span><\/strong> Somut olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 22.08.2005 tarihinde, hastanede bulunan bir yak\u0131n\u0131na kan gerekti\u011finden s\u00f6z ederek ikna etti\u011fi yak\u0131nan\u0131, Hacettepe Hastanesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek burada, kan vermek i\u00e7in gelecek bir ba\u015fka ki\u015fiyi arayaca\u011f\u0131 bahanesiyle m\u00fc\u015ftekiye ait cep telefonunu al\u0131p, daha sonra kay\u0131plara kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 ile sabittir. Sabit olan bu eylem nedeniyle yerel mahkemenin, su\u00e7 niteli\u011fini belirlerken, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aldat\u0131c\u0131 hareketlerinin niteli\u011fini dikkate al\u0131p, ma\u011fdurun durumunu dikkate almayarak, su\u00e7a nitelik vermesi isabetsizdir. (CGK, 24.11.2009\/213-276)<\/span><\/p>\n

    17-(\u00d6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f borcun hileli hareketler ile kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 olanaks\u0131zd\u0131r)<\/span><\/strong> Bu nedenle kat\u0131lan Veli dinlenerek, vekili arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Gaziantep 5. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesine sundu\u011fu 19.11.2001 tarihli dilek\u00e7ede ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, di\u011fer kat\u0131lan Sabiha Kuzu ile tapu iptali ve tescil davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n devri hususunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fi, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcklerinin kabul\u00fc halinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tapuyu devir i\u015flemleri \u00f6ncesinde bu ma\u011fdurun r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve devir i\u015fleminin yaln\u0131zca \u00f6nceki alacak-verecek ili\u015fkisinden kaynaklanan bor\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u0131, yoksa borcu a\u015fan bir miktar belirlenerek \u00fcste para da verilmek suretiyle mi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi hi\u00e7bir ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek bi\u00e7imde belirlenmelidir. (CGK. 27.09.2005\/59-107)<\/span><\/p>\n

    18-\u00d6nceden do\u011fmu\u015f bir bor\u00e7tan dolay\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ma\u011fdura kar\u015f\u0131 hile ve desiseler kullanarak edimini yerine getirmemesi, menfaat daha \u00f6nceden elde edilmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmayacakt\u0131r.<\/strong> <\/span>Somut olayda san\u0131klar\u0131n, ev sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ma\u011fduru kand\u0131racak s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flarda bulunarak, onu yan\u0131ltmalar\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan eylemler, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmay\u0131p sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin iade edilmemesinden kaynaklanan hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k niteli\u011findedir. (CGK, 12.10.2004\/150-192)<\/span><\/p>\n

    19-A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki eylemler doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturur:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    a-Kendisini subay olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p, \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iyi evlenmek vaadi ile\u00a0kand\u0131r\u0131p y\u00fckl\u00fc miktarda paras\u0131n\u0131 alma. (15.CD, 2012\/43091 Karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    b-K\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p el \u00e7abuklu\u011fu ile ki\u015fileri aldat\u0131p oyunda paralar\u0131n\u0131 alma. (15.CD, 2012\/ 42579 Karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    c-Sahte bilezikleri kuyumcuya satma. (15:CD, 2012\/32747 Karar)<\/p>\n

    d-Ba\u015ftan beri \u00f6demeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden bono verme (15.CD, 2012\/ 32021 Karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    e-Telefonun ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek hesab\u0131na para yat\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 isteme. (15.CD, 2012\/31683 Karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    20-(El \u00e7abuklu\u011fu)<\/strong> <\/span>El \u00e7abuklu\u011fuyla elindeki paketi ma\u011fdurun cebine koyup, oradaki paray\u0131 almada eylem TCK, m.l42\/2-b deki su\u00e7u olu\u015fturur. (15.CD, 2012\/42486 Karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    21-(Sahte arama)<\/span><\/strong> Sahte polis kimli\u011fi g\u00f6sterip, ma\u011fdurun \u00fczerini aray\u0131p paralar\u0131n\u0131 almada eylem TCK 142\/2-f madde kapsam\u0131nda h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r. (15.CD, 2012\/33111 Karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    22-(Kand\u0131rarak zilyetli\u011fi almak)<\/span> <\/strong>Kand\u0131rmak suretiyle arac\u0131n zilyetli\u011fini ele ge\u00e7irdikten soma al\u0131p ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

    23-(Yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6nderme vaadi)<\/span> <\/strong>Fiilen ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket eden san\u0131klar\u0131n iftira atmas\u0131 i\u00e7in neden bulunmayan ve aralar\u0131nda husumet oldu\u011fu da ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmeyen katliam, .konsoloslukta adamlar\u0131 oldu\u011fu, onlar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla vize al\u0131p ABD ye g\u00f6nderecekleri konusunda ikna edip haks\u0131z menfaat sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 kat\u0131lan\u0131n a\u015famalardaki samimi, \u0131srarl\u0131, ve birbiriyle tutarl\u0131 beyanlar\u0131, ve dosyada ibraz edilen ABD konsoloslu\u011fundan verilen red yaz\u0131s\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7u s\u00fcbuta ermi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

    24-(Faturan\u0131n tarihini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek)<\/strong><\/span> San\u0131klar\u0131n, kendilerini su\u00e7tan kurtarmaya y\u00f6nelik olarak, su\u00e7a konu faturan\u0131n d\u00fczenlenme tarihini de\u011fi\u015ftirip, Mahkemeye sunmalar\u0131 bi\u00e7imindeki eylemlerinde; sahtecilik su\u00e7unun unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmaz.<\/p>\n

    25-(Sa\u011fl\u0131k karnesini ba\u015fkas\u0131na kulland\u0131rmak)<\/strong> <\/span>San\u0131\u011f\u0131n e\u015finin sa\u011fl\u0131k karnesi ile bald\u0131z\u0131 do\u011fum yapt\u0131ktan sonra e\u015fi ad\u0131na d\u00fczenlenen do\u011fum raporunu bilerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kat\u0131lan kuruma ibraz\u0131 ile haks\u0131z do\u011fum yard\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6dene\u011finden faydaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde su\u00e7 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

    26-(Atama yapt\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 vaadinde bulunma)<\/strong><\/span> San\u0131\u011f\u0131n Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p atama bekledi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi yak\u0131nanlar\u0131 telefonla arayarak kendisini atamadan sorumlu milli e\u011fitim m\u00fcfetti\u015fi, atamadan sorumlu daire ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 isimlerle tan\u0131t\u0131p tayinlerini yapaca\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle masraf ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu bildirdi\u011fi ger\u00e7ek ismi ad\u0131na posta havalesi \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu fiilleri i\u015flerken kamu g\u00f6revlileriyle ili\u015fkisi oldu\u011fundan ya da onlar nezdinde hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetmeden bizzat kendisinin yetkili ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu belirtmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda su\u00e7 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

    Nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k TCK Md. 158<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n

    (1) Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun;<\/p>\n

    a) Din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    b) Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    c) Ki\u015finin alg\u0131lama yetene\u011finin zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yararlanmak suretiyle,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    d) Kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n, kamu meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n, siyasi parti, vak\u0131f veya dernek t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerinin ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    e) Kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n zarar\u0131na olarak,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    f) Bili\u015fim sistemlerinin, banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    g) Bas\u0131n ve yay\u0131n ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131ktan yararlanmak suretiyle,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    h) Tacir veya \u015firket y\u00f6neticisi olan ya da \u015firket ad\u0131na hareket eden ki\u015filerin ticari faaliyetleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda; kooperatif y\u00f6neticilerinin kooperatifin faaliyeti kapsam\u0131nda,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    i) Serbest meslek sahibi ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan, mesleklerinden dolay\u0131 kendilerine duyulan g\u00fcvenin k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    j) Banka veya di\u011fer kredi kurumlar\u0131nca tahsis edilmemesi gereken bir kredinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak maksad\u0131yla,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    k) Sigorta bedelini almak maksad\u0131yla,<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015flenmesi halinde, iki y\u0131ldan yedi y\u0131la kadar hapis ve be\u015fbin g\u00fcne kadar adl\u00ee para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmolunur. (Ek c\u00fcmle: 29\/6\/2005 \u2013 5377\/19 md.) Ancak, (e), (f) ve (j) bentlerinde say\u0131lan h\u00e2llerde hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n alt s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ldan, adl\u00ee para cezas\u0131n\u0131n miktar\u0131 su\u00e7tan elde edilen menfaatin iki kat\u0131ndan az olamaz.<\/p>\n

    (2) Kamu g\u00f6revlileriyle ili\u015fkisinin oldu\u011fundan, onlar nezdinde hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle ve belli bir i\u015fin g\u00f6rd\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fi vaadiyle aldatarak, ba\u015fkas\u0131ndan menfaat temin eden ki\u015fi, yukar\u0131daki f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7lar bir k\u0131s\u0131m yak\u0131nlar zarar\u0131na (Ba\u015fkalar\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011finde) i\u015flenmesi halinde de soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bu hallerde uzla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fil, cezaland\u0131rmada ise ceza yar\u0131s\u0131 oran\u0131nda indirilir. (Madde 167\/2,CMK.253\/3) Ancak 19.12.2006 tarihine kadar i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda uzla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7lardan elde edilen hak, alacak ve di\u011fer malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerine elkonulabilir. (CMK. 128)<\/p>\n

    Bu su\u00e7larda ka\u00e7ak san\u0131\u011f\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019 de bulunan mallar\u0131na, hak ve alacaklar\u0131na elkonulabilir. (CMK.248)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi onbe\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7larda san\u0131k istinabe suretiyle sorguya \u00e7ekilebilir, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc ve sesli ileti\u015fim tekni\u011finin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle sorgusu yap\u0131labilir. (CMK, m. 196\/2,4)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7lardan yabanc\u0131 \u00fclke mahkemelerinden verilen h\u00fck\u00fcmler tekerr\u00fcre esas al\u0131n\u0131r, (m. 5 8\/4)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7larda tutuklama s\u00fcresi en \u00e7ok iki y\u0131ld\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre zorunlu hallerde gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6sterilerek uzat\u0131labilir. Uzatma s\u00fcresi toplam \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7emez. -B\u00f6ylece toplam tutukluluk s\u00fcresi be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r-(CMK 102\/2-5320\/12)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Muskac\u0131l\u0131k, \u00fcf\u00fcr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck gibi faaliyetler sonucu kar\u015f\u0131 taraftan menfaat elde edilmesi l\/a bent kapsam\u0131na girer.<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 l\/c- bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n ya\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ak\u0131l zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, sarho\u015fluk gibi nedenlerle \u201calg\u0131lama\u201d yetene\u011finin zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu nitelikli halin bizzat fail taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulup olu\u015fturulmamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi yoktur. Kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n fail taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fvurulan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n\u201d hileli oldu\u011funu alg\u0131lama ve anlayabilme yetene\u011fine sahip olmamas\u0131 durumunda, bu ki\u015finin \u201caldat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011finden doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fil, yerine g\u00f6re h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

    \u2666 \u2666\u0130lk derece mahkemesinin bu su\u00e7tan verilen beraat karar\u0131n\u0131 esastan reddeden B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin (istinaf\u0131n) karar\u0131 temyizi kabil de\u011fil, temyiz edilemez. (CMK, m.286\/2-f)<\/p>\n

    1- (Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kta \u00e7ekin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/span> <\/strong>San\u0131\u011f\u0131n ke\u015fide yeri g\u00f6sterilmeyen\u00a0sahte bir \u00e7ek vermek suretiyle kat\u0131landan mal ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut\u00a0olayda, bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u00e7ekin su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle eyleminin, TCK\u2019nun 158\/1-f maddesinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 21.102014\/724-433)<\/span><\/p>\n

    2-\u00a0(Sahte \u00e7ek vererek doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k)<\/span><\/strong> San\u0131klar\u0131n ke\u015fide yeri g\u00f6sterilmeyen sahte bir \u00e7ek vermek suretiyle kat\u0131landan hayvan sat\u0131n ald\u0131klar\u0131 somut olayda, bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u00e7ekin su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle eylemin, TCK\u2019nun 158\/1-f maddesinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. Di\u011fer taraftan, Ceza Genel Kurulunun 29.01.2013 g\u00fcn ve 1364-51 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda ula\u015f\u0131lan sonu\u00e7 cezan\u0131n, su\u00e7tan elde edilen menfaatin iki kat\u0131ndan az olmas\u0131 durumunda adli para cezas\u0131n\u0131n, TCK\u2019nun 158. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n son c\u00fcmlesi uyar\u0131nca su\u00e7tan elde edilen menfaatin iki katma \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin g\u00f6zetilmemesi kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 ise de, bu husus aleyhe temyiz bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bozma nedeni say\u0131lmay\u0131p, ancak ele\u015ftiri konusu yap\u0131labilecektir. (CGK, 21.10.2014\/729-433)<\/span><\/p>\n

    3-\u00a0(Bankadan ay\u0131r\u0131lan memurun m\u00fc\u015fterileri doland\u0131rmas\u0131)<\/strong> <\/span>Bankada i\u015flem yetkilisi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 08.10.2004 tarihinde bankadaki g\u00f6revinden istifa edip ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen halen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta oldu\u011fu izlenimini vererek bankada sadece \u00f6zel m\u00fc\u015fterilere ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey banka y\u00f6neticilerine mahsus \u201creferans hesap\u201d isimli y\u00fcksek faiz getirisi veren gizli-\u00f6zel bir hesab\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyip deneme ama\u00e7l\u0131 verilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktardaki paralara k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede y\u00fcksek tutarl\u0131 faiz \u00f6deyerek kaplanlardan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu elden teslim edilmek, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise EFT veya havale yoluyla banka hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lmak suretiyle y\u00fcksek faiz \u00f6deme vaadiyle para toplamas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bankan\u0131n mutad bir faaliyeti kapsam\u0131nda bankay\u0131 temsilen hareket etmemesi ve su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bankan\u0131n herhangi bir maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u0131rf bankada \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor izleniminin verilmesi, bankan\u0131n ve \u00fcst d\u00fczey banka y\u00f6neticilerinin ad\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ma\u011fdurlardan alman paran\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n EFT veya havale yoluyla san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hesab\u0131na transfer edilmesinin banka veya kredi kurumunun doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc i\u00e7in yeterli olmayaca\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemlerinin \u201cbanka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle\u201d nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu de\u011fil \u201cbasit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. Bununla birlikte su\u00e7un yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan i\u015fleni\u015f bi\u00e7iminin TCK\u2019nun 61. maddesi uyar\u0131nca temel cezan\u0131n belirlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan uzakla\u015fma gerek\u00e7esi olarak g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00d6te yandan su\u00e7tan do\u011frudan zarar g\u00f6rmeyen Yap\u0131 Kredi Bankas\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131lan olarak kabul\u00fc ile lehine vek\u00e2let \u00fccretine h\u00fckmolunmas\u0131 ve zincirleme su\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131rken g\u00fcn para cezas\u0131ndan da art\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin g\u00f6zetilmemesi de kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. (CGK,21.10.2014\/53-437)<\/span><\/p>\n

    4- (\u00c7ekin su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/span><\/strong> San\u0131klar\u0131n ke\u015fide yeri g\u00f6sterilmeyen ve tamamen sahte olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f \u00e7eki kullanarak kat\u0131lan Remzi\u2019den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut olayda, bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olan \u00e7ekin su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle eylemin TCK\u2019nun 158\/1-f madde ve f\u0131kras\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 23.09.2014\/111-394)<\/span><\/p>\n

    5- (T\u00fcm\u00fcyle sahte \u00e7ek)<\/strong><\/span> San\u0131\u011f\u0131n ke\u015fide yeri g\u00f6sterilmeyen ve t\u00fcmden sahte olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f \u00e7eki kullanarak kat\u0131lan Fatih\u2019den ara\u00e7 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve di\u011fer sahte \u00e7eki ciro ederek bankadan bedelini tahsil etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut olayda, bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olan \u00e7ekin su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle eylemin TCK\u2019nun 158\/1-f madde ve f\u0131kras\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 banka veya kredi kumullar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 11.7.2014\/23-360) (CGK, 11.7.2014\/108-358) (CGK, 11.7.2014\/74-357)<\/span><\/p>\n

    6- (Sahibinin elinden iste\u011fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7ek)<\/strong> <\/span>San\u0131klar\u0131n ke\u015fide yeri g\u00f6sterilmeyen ve sahibinin elinden iste\u011fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan bir \u00c7eki sahte olarak d\u00fczenleyip kullanarak kat\u0131lanlardan mal ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut olayda, bankan\u0131n maddi varl\u0131klar\u0131ndan olan \u00e7ekin su\u00e7ta ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle eylemin TCK\u2019nun 158\/1-f madde ve f\u0131kras\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 banka veya kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK,11.7.2014\/110-359)<\/span><\/p>\n

    7-\u00a0(B\u00fcy\u00fc bozma-Cin \u00e7\u0131karma)<\/strong><\/span> Aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fc bozma ya da cini \u00e7\u0131karma\u201d vb. hususlar\u0131n ma\u011fdurun alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulara y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu, san\u0131klar\u0131n etkisinde kalan ma\u011fdurun bu duygular\u0131n\u0131n istismar edilerek irade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 sonucunda san\u0131klara alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131klar\u0131n sabit kabul edilen eylemi din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.(CGK, 04.02.2014\/262-37)<\/span><\/p>\n

    8– (Kendisini ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k eleman\u0131 olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k nitelikli bir durumdur)<\/span> <\/strong>San\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6ncelikle Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131kta g\u00f6revli oldu\u011fu konusunda S. \u00d6zel \u0130dare M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc inand\u0131r\u0131p, m\u00fc\u015ftekiler ile irtibat kurmas\u0131na arac\u0131l\u0131k etmesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zel idare m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn resmi s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 da kullanarak tan\u0131k k\u00f6y muhtarlar\u0131nda Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131kta g\u00f6revli bir ki\u015fiyle muhatap olduklar\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve k\u00f6y muhtarlar\u0131 ile m\u00fc\u015ftekilerin \u00f6zel idare m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00f6nlendirmesiyle Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131kta g\u00f6revli bir \u015fah\u0131sla muhatap olduklar\u0131 kanaatiyle hareket etmelerini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlar\u0131 hep birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015famal\u0131 olarak arac\u0131l\u0131k yapan tan\u0131klar ile m\u00fc\u015ftekileri yan\u0131lt\u0131p, onlar\u0131 kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile planlay\u0131p ustaca sergiledi\u011fi hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda m\u00fc\u015ftekilerin zarar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi eylemlerinin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu konusunda bir teredd\u00fct bulunmamaktad\u0131r.(…) san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemleri bu \u015fekliyle TCK\u2019nun 158\/1-d maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 5.11.2013\/1354-437)<\/span><\/p>\n

    9-\u00a0(Tarikat mensubu olma, muska, fal, melek gibi ifadelerle yap\u0131lan kand\u0131rmalar nitelikli bir doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r)<\/strong> <\/span>Fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket eden san\u0131klar\u0131n, kendilerini tarikat mensubu olarak tan\u0131tarak, \u00e7ocu\u011funun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendikleri m\u00fc\u015ftekiye \u201cyedi kap\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131yoruz \u015feker topluyoruz, \u00e7ocu\u011fu olmayanlara \u00e7ocuk olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyoruz\u201d, san\u0131k Bahriye\u2019nin kuca\u011f\u0131nda bebek olan di\u011fer san\u0131k Fatma\u2019y\u0131 g\u00f6stererek \u201cbak bunun da \u00e7ocu\u011fu olmuyordu ama siz \u00e7ocuk sahibi yapt\u0131k\u201d dedikleri, m\u00fc\u015ftekiden yumurta ve bez isteyerek \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerinde Arap\u00e7a harfler yaz\u0131l\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131t par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterip m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi k\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 yumurtadan muska \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, m\u00fc\u015ftekiye \u201cavucunu a\u00e7 fal\u0131na bakaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d, avucunu a\u00e7\u0131nca da \u201csenin 18 par\u00e7a alt\u0131n\u0131n var\u201d dedikten sonra sarf ettikleri bu s\u00f6z ve sergiledikleri davran\u0131\u015flarla m\u00fc\u015ftekiden ziynet alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 istedikleri, m\u00fc\u015ftekin san\u0131klar\u0131n yumurtadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledikleri muskay\u0131 ceplerinden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 fark edince de \u201cbizi melekler \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yor\u201d diyerek evden ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 olayda, san\u0131klar\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, ma\u011fduru yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile planlay\u0131p ustaca sergiledikleri hareketlerinin hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011finden, hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen, ancak tamamlanamayan eylemlerinin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7una te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan \u201ctarikat mensubu olma, muska, fal, melek\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/em> vb. hususlar\u0131n\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulara ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu, ma\u011fdurun dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulan istismar edilerek irade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u i\u015flenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131klar\u0131n sabit kabul edilen eylemleri din\u00ee inan\u00e7\u00a0ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7una te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 1.10.2013\/1535-400)<\/p>\n

    10-\u00a0(Mevlit okutma, dua okuyarak tesbih \u00e7ekme, hocaya okutma bahanesiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k)<\/strong><\/span> Kendisini tan\u0131mayan kat\u0131lana o\u011flu Ferhat\u2019\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 izlenimi veren san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc iddia etti\u011fi kay\u0131nvalidesinin vasiyeti gere\u011fi erzak ve para da\u011f\u0131taca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyip, bunu kat\u0131landan yapmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi, bu iste\u011fi kabul eden katliam, kay\u0131nvalidesi i\u00e7in mevl\u00fct okuyan hocaya paras\u0131n\u0131 okutmak suretiyle bereketlenece\u011fine inand\u0131r\u0131p, kimli\u011fi belirlenemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in evrak\u0131 ayr\u0131lan ikinci bir ki\u015fi ile birlikte kand\u0131rarak paras\u0131n\u0131 almak \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, kat\u0131lan\u0131 yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile planlay\u0131p ustaca sergiledikleri hareketlerinin hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011finden, hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda kat\u0131lan zarar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan \u201cMevlit okutma, dua okuyarak te\u015fbih \u00e7ekme, hocaya okutma\u201d hususlar\u0131n\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulara ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu, kat\u0131lan\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n\u0131n istismar edilerek irade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle san\u0131\u011fa para vermesinde etkili oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sabit kabul edilen eylemi din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 24.9.2013\/1365-381)<\/span><\/p>\n

    11-\u00a0(Bili\u015fim sistemini ara\u00e7 olarak kullanma)<\/strong><\/span> Bili\u015fim sistemlerinin ayn\u0131 anda bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiye ula\u015fmas\u0131ndaki \u00e7abukluk ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131\u011fa dayanarak \u201cwww.sahibinden.com\u201d adl\u0131 internet sitesinde emsallerine g\u00f6re fiyat\u0131n\u0131 da ucuz g\u00f6stererek ara\u00e7 sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in ilan veren san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bu ilan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcp kendisini telefonla arayan \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iden kapora ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda 250 Lira almas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bili\u015fim sistemini ara\u00e7 olarak kullanmak suretiyle su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, eylemin TCK\u2019nun 158. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (f) bendinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olan nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 11.6.2013\/239-289)<\/span><\/p>\n

    12-\u00a0(Bili\u015fim sisteminin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/strong><\/span> Bili\u015fim sistemlerinin ayn\u0131 anda bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiye ula\u015fmas\u0131ndaki \u00e7abukluk ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0kolayl\u0131\u011fa dayanarak \u201cwww.sa…..com\u201d adl\u0131 internet sitesinde ara\u00e7 sat\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00a0i\u00e7in ilan veren san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, Bursa\u2019da ya\u015fayan ve ilan\u0131 internet \u00fczerinden g\u00f6rerek kendisini arayan kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00f6nce kaparo ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda 150 Lira, ard\u0131ndan aralar\u0131nda vard\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015fma gere\u011fi Edirne\u2019ye gelen kat\u0131lana e\u015finin do\u011fum yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hastanede oldu\u011fu ve yanma gelmesi i\u00e7in paraya ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek iki defada 2.350 Lira paray\u0131 PTT \u015fubesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile g\u00f6ndermesini sa\u011flamas\u0131, daha sonra da telefonunu kapatarak kat\u0131lanla olan irtibat\u0131n\u0131 kesmesi \u015feklinde meydana gelen olayda; bili\u015fim sisteminin ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen eylemlerin TCK\u2019nun 158. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (f) bendi uyar\u0131nca nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 16.4.2013\/1407-140)<\/span><\/p>\n

    13-\u00a0(Gazete ilan\u0131yla ev sat\u0131\u015f\u0131)<\/strong> <\/span>\u0130ddianame i\u00e7eri\u011finde \u015f\u00fcphelinin kendisine ait olmayan, herhangi bir yetkisi ve vek\u00e2leti olmayan evi kendisininmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6stererek gazeteye ilan verip bu ilan \u00fczerine arayan ma\u011fdura haricen satarak 400 Lira kaparo ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtilmesi ve ma\u011fdurun a\u015famalarda ilk bulu\u015fmada tapuyu g\u00f6rme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, gazete ilan\u0131na g\u00fcvenerek san\u0131\u011fa 400 Lira kapora verdi\u011fini beyan etmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK\u2019nun 158. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (g) bendinde d\u00fczenlenen \u201cBas\u0131n ve yay\u0131n ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131ktan yararlanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k\u201d su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu g\u00f6rev ise, 5235 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 12. maddesi uyar\u0131nca a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesine aittir. (CGK, 9.4.2013\/226-135)<\/span><\/p>\n

    14- (Muska ile doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k)<\/strong> <\/span>Kendilerini hoca olarak tan\u0131tan san\u0131klar\u0131n, kat\u0131lanlara k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n baht\u0131n\u0131n kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, evlerinde muska oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyip evlerine gelerek, \u00e7e\u015fitli dualar okuyup k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n elbisesinden muska \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131r\u0131p bu muskay\u0131 bozup yeni muska yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek paralar\u0131n\u0131 almalar\u0131, ayr\u0131ca evlerinin bah\u00e7esinde bir k\u00fcp alt\u0131n oldu\u011funu bu alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli dualar ve t\u00f6renler yap\u0131p getirecekleri ila\u00e7la k\u00fcp i\u00e7erisindeki maddeyi alt\u0131na \u00e7evirecekleri vaatleri ile kat\u0131lanlar\u0131 kand\u0131r\u0131p alt\u0131n ve paralar\u0131n\u0131 almalar\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, san\u0131klar\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile planlay\u0131p ustaca sergiledikleri hareketlerinin hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011finden, hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda ma\u011fdur zarar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemlerin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan \u201cmuskay\u0131 bozma ya da cini etkisiz hale getirme veya k\u00fcpten alt\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karma i\u00e7in dua okuma\u201d vb. hususlar\u0131n\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulara ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu, kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n\u0131n istismar edilerek irade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle san\u0131klara alt\u0131n ve para vermelerinde etkili oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131klar\u0131n sabit kabul edilen eylemleri din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle zincirleme \u015fekilde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 2.4.2013\/1398-112)<\/span><\/p>\n

    15- (\u0130nternet sitesiyle sat\u0131\u015f vaadi)<\/strong><\/span> Bili\u015fim sistemlerinin ayn\u0131 anda bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiye ula\u015fmas\u0131ndaki \u00e7abukluk ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131\u011fa dayanarak\u00a0\u201cwww….com\u201d adl\u0131 internet sitesinden R. Market \u015eirketler Toplulu\u011fu isimli i\u015fyeri ad\u0131na. HP marka diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayarlar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in ilan veren san\u0131klar\u0131n, Giresun\u2019da ikamet eden ve ilan\u0131 g\u00f6rerek bildirdikleri telefon numaras\u0131n\u0131 arad\u0131ktan sonra hesaplar\u0131na para aktaran \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iye s\u00f6zde al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fe konu bilgisayar\u0131 g\u00f6ndermemeleri \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda; bili\u015fim sisteminin ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen eylemlerin TCK\u2019nun 158. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (f) bendi uyar\u0131nca nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmelidir. (CGK, 2.4.2013\/1293-111)<\/span><\/p>\n

    16- (Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131nda adli para cezas\u0131n\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131)<\/strong><\/span> 5377 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunun 19. maddesinin gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan adli para cezas\u0131na karar verilirken, TCK\u2019nun 158. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca h\u00fckmolunan g\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 para cezas\u0131, \u015fartlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde takdiri indirim uygulamas\u0131 da yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ayn\u0131 Kanunun 52. maddesi uyar\u0131nca adli para cezas\u0131na \u00e7evrilecek, ula\u015f\u0131lan cezan\u0131n su\u00e7tan elde edilen menfaatin iki kat\u0131ndan az olmas\u0131 durumunda adli para cezas\u0131, an\u0131lan Kanunun 158. maddenin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n son c\u00fcmlesi uyar\u0131nca su\u00e7tan elde edilen menfaatin iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacakt\u0131r. (…) Alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan ceza tayin eden yerel mahkemece, hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda temel para cezas\u0131 olarak belirlenen be\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcn, TCK\u2019nun 62. maddesindeki takdiri indirim h\u00fckm\u00fc uygulanmak suretiyle d\u00f6rt g\u00fcne indirilmesi, ayn\u0131 kanunun 52\/1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 20 Liradan uygulama yap\u0131larak 80 Lira adli para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmolunmas\u0131, ancak 158. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n son c\u00fcmlesi uyar\u0131nca bu miktar su\u00e7tan elde edilen 850 Liral\u0131k haks\u0131z menfaatin iki kat\u0131ndan az olamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan para cezas\u0131n\u0131n 1.700 Liraya y\u00fckseltilmesi isabetli bir uygulamad\u0131r. (CGK, 12.2.2013\/1364-51)<\/span><\/p>\n

    17-(Bas\u0131n yay\u0131n yoluyla su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesi)<\/strong> <\/span>\u0130ddianame i\u00e7eri\u011finde \u201c\u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin, \u015f\u00fcphelinin gazeteye verdi\u011fi ilan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcp spor malzemesi sipari\u015f etti\u011fi, ancak paras\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ndermesine kar\u015f\u0131n kendisine k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t ve naylon par\u00e7alar\u0131 g\u00f6nderilmek suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d hususunun dava konusu yap\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin, TCK\u2019n\u0131n 158\/1-g bendinde d\u00fczenlenen \u201cbas\u0131n ve yay\u0131n ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131ktan yararlanmak\u00a0suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k\u201d su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. (CGK. 22.05.2012\/442-204) <\/span><\/p>\n

    18- (Do\u011frudan gelir deste\u011fi almak i\u00e7in doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k)<\/strong> <\/span>Sivas \u0130li Kangal il\u00e7esinde\u00a0kuyumculuk yapan, bu il\u00e7eye ba\u011fl\u0131 Arpal\u0131 K\u00f6y\u00fcnde geni\u015f miktarda arazileri bulunan ve belirli bir miktardaki arazisi i\u00e7in\u00a0do\u011frudan gelir deste\u011finden (DGD) yararlanan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, destek alamayaca\u011f\u0131 arazilerini, o k\u00f6yde oturmayan ve \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik yapmad\u0131klar\u0131 saptanan di\u011fer san\u0131klara adi senetler d\u00fczenlemek suretiyle satm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, gerekli belgelerin tamamlanarak do\u011frudan gelir deste\u011fi almak i\u00e7in Kangal \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne de\u011fi\u015fik tarihlerde yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvuru \u00fczerine, banka hesaplar\u0131na do\u011frudan gelir deste\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda 2002 y\u0131l\u0131 Aral\u0131k ay\u0131 i\u00e7inde toplam 16.065.000.000 Liran\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bankaya yat\u0131r\u0131lan paran\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n bu ki\u015filerden daha \u00f6nceden alman vek\u00e2letnameler ile san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015fik zamanlarda \u00e7ekildi\u011fi konular\u0131nda anla\u015fmazl\u0131k bulunmayan olayda; doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n, ayn\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015fleme karar\u0131 alt\u0131nda, ayn\u0131 ma\u011fdura kar\u015f\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015fik zamanlarda i\u015flenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK\u2019n\u0131n 43\/1. maddesinin uygulanmas\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik bulunmamaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 29.3.2011\/249-24)<\/span><\/p>\n

    19- (Ma\u011fdur say\u0131s\u0131nca doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k)<\/strong><\/span> T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki i\u015flerini takip etme yetkisini ma\u011fdur E.S. \u0130thalat ve \u0130hracat Ticaret Limited \u015eirketi\u2019ne verdikleri; kat\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 yabanc\u0131 \u015firketin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki temsilcisi E.S. \u0130thalat ve \u0130hracat Tic. Ltd. \u015eti olsa dahi, bu \u015firketlerin sahiplerinin ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u015fah\u0131slar olmas\u0131, bankalardaki hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n ve malvarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131 olmas\u0131, 1. ve 2. haciz ihbarnamelerinin her \u015firkete ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131, ma\u011fdur say\u0131s\u0131nca nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 9.3.2010\/109-48)<\/span><\/p>\n

    20-(Kand\u0131r\u0131larak al\u0131nan telefonla kay\u0131plara kar\u0131\u015fmak)<\/strong><\/span> Somut olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n 22.08.2005 tarihinde, hastanede bulunan bir yak\u0131nma kan gerekti\u011finden s\u00f6z ederek ikna etti\u011fi m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi, Hacettepe Hastanesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek burada, kan vermek i\u00e7in gelecek bir ba\u015fka ki\u015fiyi arayaca\u011f\u0131 bahanesiyle yak\u0131nana ait cep telefonunu al\u0131p, daha sonra kay\u0131plara kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 ile sabittir. Sabit olan bu eylem nedeniyle yerel mahkemenin, su\u00e7 niteli\u011fini belirlerken, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aldat\u0131c\u0131 hareketlerinin niteli\u011fini dikkate al\u0131p, ma\u011fdurun durumunu dikkate almayarak, su\u00e7a nitelik vermesi isabetsizdir. (CGK. 24.11.2009\/213-276)<\/span><\/p>\n

    21- (Kendili\u011finden gelip teslim olma-Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k-K\u0131smi iade)<\/strong><\/span> San\u0131k \u00d6.A., di\u011fer san\u0131klarla birlikte ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi ya\u011fma eyleminden dolay\u0131, duydu\u011fu pi\u015fmanl\u0131k neticesinde kendili\u011finden kollu\u011fa gelerek teslim olmu\u015f ve cep telefonunun ma\u011fdura iadesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, olay\u0131n meydana geli\u015f \u015feklini ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer san\u0131klar\u0131n anlat\u0131mlar\u0131ndan k\u0131smen farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterecek \u015fekilde ve eyleminin ba\u015fka bir su\u00e7 tipine girmesine y\u00f6nelik olarak savunmada bulunmu\u015f olmas\u0131, pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duyarak kendili\u011finden gelerek kollu\u011fa teslim oldu\u011fu ve r\u0131zai olarak k\u0131smi iadeyi sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131rmayacak ve etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131na engel olu\u015fturmayacakt\u0131r.\u00a0Di\u011fer taraftan, olay s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u011fmalanan cep telefonunun iki adet sim kart\u0131 ma\u011fdura iade edilmemi\u015f oldu\u011fundan, iade eksiksiz olmay\u0131p k\u0131smi iade s\u00f6z konusudur. 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK Md. 168\/4 maddesinin; uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in ma\u011fdurun r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 gerek) oldu\u011fundan, ma\u011fdurun k\u0131smi iadeye r\u0131za g\u00f6sterip g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi hususunun yerel mahkemece ma\u011fdura sorularak belirlenmesi zorunludur K\u0131smi\u00a0iadeye ma\u011fdurun r\u0131za g\u00f6sterdi\u011finin saptanmas\u0131 halinde ise, gerekli di\u011fer ko\u015fullar da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finden san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. (CGK, 27.10.2009\/132-251)<\/span><\/p>\n

    22-(Otoban \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait bileti g\u00f6stermek)<\/strong> <\/span>\u00d6deme s\u0131ras\u0131nda mesafeyi daha k\u0131sa g\u00f6sterip, daha az bedel \u00f6demeyi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ba\u015fkas\u0131na ait bileti g\u00f6steren san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, tahsilat\u0131 yapacak Karayollar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn gi\u015fe g\u00f6revlisini kand\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik bu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 hile ve desise niteli\u011findedir. Elveri\u015fli vas\u0131ta ile doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7una y\u00f6nelik icra hareketlerine ba\u015flan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de, ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmadan durumun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle su\u00e7, kalk\u0131\u015fma a\u015famas\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu itibarla, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemi kamu kurumunu doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa eksik kalk\u0131\u015fma su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu halde, otomatik aletlerden kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z yararlanma su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturur. (CGK, 30.1.2007\/247-15)<\/span><\/p>\n

    23-(Bankan\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/strong><\/span> Banka hizmet, kay\u0131t ve belgelerinden yararlan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k eyleminde bankan\u0131n arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle, su\u00e7 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan “65 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Yasas\u0131n\u0131n 504\/3. madde ve f\u0131kras\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Ancak, su\u00e7 tarihinden sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Yasas\u0131nda bu eylem i\u00e7in \u00f6ncekinden farkl\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ve etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel bir d\u00fczenleme getirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun yeni yasal d\u00fczenlemeye g\u00f6re Yerel Mahkemece yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesi zorunludur. (CGK. 07.02.2006\/129-13)<\/span><\/p>\n

    24-(\u00d6\u011frencileri ucuz telefon vaadiyle kand\u0131rma)<\/strong>\u00a0Y<\/span><\/span>u<\/span>rdun a\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir su\u00e7 i\u015fleme karar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, ayn\u0131 yurtta kalan ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 ucuz cep telefonu ve bilgisayar malzemesi getirece\u011finden\u00a0toplu bi\u00e7imde kand\u0131rarak haks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flamak \u015feklindeki eyleminin m\u00fcteselsilen doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilmeli, nurdur ay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oklu\u011fu, TCK 29.maddesi uyar\u0131nca temel ceza belirlenirken *?a\u011f\u0131 hadden uzakla\u015fmay\u0131 gerektiren bir neden olarak dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r (CGK, 15.2.2005\/12-12)<\/span><\/p>\n

    25- (Maddedeki para cezas\u0131n\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131)<\/strong><\/span> TCK n\u0131n 158. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (e), (f) ve (J) bentlerinde say\u0131lan hallerde adli\u00a0para cezas\u0131n\u0131n tayininde \u00f6ncelikle su\u00e7tan elde edilen haks\u0131z menfaat miktar\u0131n\u0131n belli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lacakt\u0131r. E\u011fer somut olayda su\u00e7tan elde edilen haks\u0131z menfaat ;<\/p>\n

    a-Miktar\u0131 belli de\u011filse,<\/span> TCK. n\u0131n 61. maddesi h\u00fckm\u00fc g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak, 5 ila 5.000 tam g\u00fcn aras\u0131nda, takdir edilen g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden artt\u0131rma ve eksiltmeler yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak sonu\u00e7 g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 ile bir g\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131 kanunun 52. maddesi gere\u011fince 20-100 YTL aras\u0131nda takdir olunacak miktar\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131lmas\u0131 neticesinde sonu\u00e7 adli para cezas\u0131 belirlenecektir.<\/p>\n

    b-Ancak su\u00e7tan elde edilen haks\u0131z menfaat miktar\u0131 belli ise;<\/span> o takdirde maddede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen 5 ila 5.000 tam g\u00fcn aras\u0131nda belirlenecek g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden varsa art\u0131r\u0131m ve indirim nedenleri uygulanarak tespit olunan sonu\u00e7 g\u00fcn ile bir g\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 20-100 YTL. aras\u0131nda takdir edilecek miktar \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lacak ve bulunan miktar su\u00e7tan elde olunan haks\u0131z menfaatin iki kat\u0131ndan az ise adli para cezas\u0131 asgari bu miktara y\u00fckseltilerek, bu miktar \u00fczerinden varsa indirimler yap\u0131larak sonu\u00e7 adli para cezas\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

    26-San\u0131\u011f\u0131n gazeteye verdi\u011fi ilan\u0131n sadece \u015fikayet\u00e7iye ula\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fu, hileli hareketlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi ve \u015fikayet\u00e7inin aldat\u0131lmas\u0131nda bir kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu (md 157) olu\u015fturur. Bu maddenin l\/g maddesindeki su\u00e7 olu\u015fmaz.<\/strong> <\/span>(CGK\u2019n\u0131n karar\u0131 da ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndedir, ancak karar hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in numaras\u0131 verilmemi\u015ftir.)<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n

    T.C.<\/span>
    \nYarg\u0131tay<\/span>
    \n15. Ceza Dairesi<\/span><\/p>\n

    Esas No:2012\/20518<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Karar No:2014\/13663<\/span><\/p>\n

    K. Tarihi:8.7.2014\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Dosya incelenerek gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc; Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in; failin bir kimseyi, kand\u0131rabilecek nitelikte hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla hataya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp, onun veya ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n zarar\u0131na, kendisine veya ba\u015fkas\u0131na yarar sa\u011flamas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Hile nitelikli bir yaland\u0131r. Fail taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan hileli davran\u0131\u015f belli oranda a\u011f\u0131r, yo\u011fun ve ustaca olmal\u0131, sergileni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ma\u011fdurun inceleme olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131racak nitelikte bir tak\u0131m hareketler olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lan hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla ma\u011fdur yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmeli ve bu yan\u0131ltma sonucu yalanlara inanan ma\u011fdur taraf\u0131ndan san\u0131k veya bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na haks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hilenin kand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nitelikte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olaysal olarak de\u011ferlendirilmeli, olay\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fi, fiille olan ili\u015fkisi, ma\u011fdurun durumu, kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa gizlenen veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilen belgenin nitelikleri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 nazara al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kat\u0131lan\u0131n kendisine ait … plakal\u0131 otonun sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi ilan \u00fczerine san\u0131klar Kerim ve Mustan’\u0131n kat\u0131lanla irtibata ge\u00e7ip m\u00fc\u015fteri olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledikleri ve bir \u00e7ek numaras\u0131 vererek arac\u0131 bu \u00e7ek ile sat\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131z dedikleri, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00e7eki ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, sa\u011flam oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenince 15.000 TL bedel ile sat\u0131\u015f konusunda anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, ertesi g\u00fcn san\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7ekte sorun oldu\u011funu, yerine senet vermeyi teklif edip senet bedeli \u00f6deninceye kadar arac\u0131n devrini almayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 taahh\u00fct ettikleri, kat\u0131lan\u0131n buna inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve san\u0131klara noterden sat\u0131\u015fa dair vekalet verdi\u011fi, san\u0131klar\u0131n senet bedelinin \u00f6denme g\u00fcn\u00fc gelmeden arac\u0131 san\u0131k Durmu\u015f’un \u00fczerine vekaleti kullanarak ald\u0131klar\u0131 ve senet bedelinin de \u00f6denmedi\u011fi, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n kat\u0131lan\u0131 doland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 san\u0131k savunmalar\u0131, kat\u0131lan ve tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131 ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, san\u0131klar\u0131n mahkumiyetleri yerine beraatlerine h\u00fckmedilmesi, <\/strong><\/span>Bozmay\u0131 gerektirmi\u015f, san\u0131k m\u00fcdafinin ve kat\u0131lan\u0131n temyiz itirazlar\u0131 bu itibarla yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fundan h\u00fckm\u00fcn bu sebepten dolay\u0131 5320 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 8\/1. maddesi gere\u011fince uygulanmas\u0131 gereken 1412 say\u0131l\u0131 CMUK’n\u0131n 321. maddesi uyar\u0131nca BOZULMASINA, 08\/07\/2014 tarihinde oybirli\u011fiyle karar verildi.<\/p>\n

    Daha az cezay\u0131 gerektiren hal<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Madde 159 –<\/strong> <\/span>(1) Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bir hukuk\u00ee ili\u015fkiye dayanan alaca\u011f\u0131 tahsil amac\u0131yla i\u015flenmesi h\u00e2linde, \u015fik\u00e2yet \u00fczerine, alt\u0131 aydan bir y\u0131la kadar hapis veya adl\u00ee para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmolunur. (Asliye ceza)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’undaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k maddesi: Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yok.<\/p>\n

    Temyiz incelemesinde G\u00f6revli Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Dairesi: 15. ve 23.CD (1\/2 Ortak)<\/p>\n

    Maddeyle ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klamalar ve bilinmesi gerekenler<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Adli para cezas\u0131 180 g\u00fcnden 365 g\u00fcne kadard\u0131r, (m.52\/1,61\/9)<\/p>\n

    Bu su\u00e7larda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilemez. (CMK. 100\/4.) Ancak adl\u00ee kontrole ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulanabilir. (CMK. 109\/2)<\/p>\n

    M\u00fckerrirler hakk\u0131nda hapis cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmolunur. (Madde 58)<\/p>\n

    Hapis cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmedilmi\u015fse, bu ceza adli para cezas\u0131na \u00e7evrilemez. (Madde 50\/2) Ancak verilen bu hapis cezas\u0131 di\u011fer \u015fartlar mevcut ise maddedeki di\u011fer se\u00e7enek yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara \u00e7evrilebilir.<\/p>\n

    Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131, yeterli \u015f\u00fcphenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen, kamu davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n be\u015f y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle ertelenmesine karar verebilir. (CMK. 171\/1)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n bir k\u0131s\u0131m akrabalar zarar\u0131na (Ba\u015fkalar\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011finde) i\u015flenmesi halinde cezaya h\u00fckmedilmez. (Madde 167\/1) Cezaya h\u00fckmolunmayacak bu hallerde Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131s\u0131 kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verebilir ve bu karara itiraz edilemez. (CMK.171 ve 173)<\/p>\n

    Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturmas\u0131 \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bu hallerde uzla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda de\u011fil (CMK.253\/3) Ancak 19.12.2006 tarihine kadar i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda uzla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n bir k\u0131s\u0131m yak\u0131nlar zarar\u0131na (Ba\u015fkalar\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011finde) i\u015flenmesi halinde cezaland\u0131rmada ceza yans\u0131 oran\u0131nda indirilir. (Madde 167\/2)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7larda san\u0131k istinabe suretiyle sorguya \u00e7ekilebilir, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc ve sesli ileti\u015fim tekni\u011finin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle sorgusu yap\u0131labilir. (CMK, m. 196\/2,4)<\/p>\n

    \u00a9 Bu su\u00e7larda zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sekiz y\u0131ld\u0131r. (TCK, m.66) Buna g\u00f6re: (B\u00fcy\u00fckler i\u00e7in: 8+4 y\u0131l=12 y\u0131l) (16, 17 ve 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndakiler i\u00e7in: 5 y\u0131l 4 ay+2 y\u0131l 8 ay=8 y\u0131l) (13, 14 ve 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndakiler i\u00e7in: 4+2 y\u0131l=6 y\u0131l)<\/p>\n

    Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131 er ve erba\u015flar ile yedek subaylar\u0131n askere gitmeden veya sil\u00e2h alt\u0131na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce i\u015flediklerinde, bu su\u00e7lara ait davalarda soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma i\u015flemleri askerliklerini bitirmelerine kadar geri b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. (353 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun m.20)<\/p>\n

    * Bu su\u00e7la ilgili olarak B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin (istinaf\u0131n) her t\u00fcrl\u00fc beraat veya Mahkumiyet karan kesin, temyizi kabil de\u011fil. (CMK, m.286\/2-c)<\/p>\n

    1- (Dini duygular\u0131 istismarla su\u00e7u i\u015fleme)<\/strong> <\/span>Su\u00e7 tarihinde yakla\u015fan san\u0131klar\u0131n; \u201ccenazemiz var, kimsemiz yok, cenaze ya geldi, cenazemizi okuyuverin de zekat\u0131n\u0131 verelim\u201d demeleri\u00a0\u00fczerine, ma\u011fdure Meryem, \u201cokuyay\u0131m ama zek\u00e2ta ihtiyac\u0131m yok\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verince san\u0131klar\u0131n bu kez; \u201csiz okuyun, biz sizin ad\u0131n\u0131za ihtiyac\u0131 olan bir ki\u015fiye zekat\u0131 veririz\u201d diyerek bir miktar para \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p kolundaki bilezi\u011fini vermesi gerekti\u011fini, de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131, okunduktan sonra geri vereceklerini s\u00f6ylemeleri ve ma\u011fdurun da inanarak bilezi\u011fini vermesi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, san\u0131klar\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, ma\u011fduru yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile \u00f6nce planlay\u0131p sonra ustaca sergiledikleri hareketlerinin hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011finden, hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda ma\u011fdur zarar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemin h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan \u201ccenaze i\u00e7in dua ya da Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim okunmas\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan \u00f6len ki\u015finin zekat bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesi\u201d hususunun dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulara ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu ve ma\u011fdur Meryem\u2019in bu y\u00f6nde aldat\u0131larak san\u0131klara bilezi\u011fini vermesinde etkili oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131klar\u0131n sabit kabul edilen eylemleri din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. (CGK, 2.4.2013\/1556-109)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0D\u0130N\u0130 \u0130NAN\u00c7 VE DUYGULARIN \u0130ST\u0130SMAR ED\u0130LMES\u0130 SURET\u0130YLE DOLANDIRICILIK (TCK 158\/1-a)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    3.1.1. Madde Metni<\/span><\/p>\n

    Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun, din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle \u0130\u015flenmesi h\u00e2linde, iki y\u0131ldan yedi y\u0131la kadar hapis ve be\u015f bin g\u00fcne kadar adl\u00ee para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmolunur.<\/p>\n

    3.1.2. Madde Gerek\u00e7esi<\/span><\/p>\n

    Birinci f\u0131kran\u0131n (a) bendinde, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle i\u015flenmesi, bu su\u00e7un temel \u015fekline g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131r ceza ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Burada dikkat edilmesi gereken husus, dinin bir aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nitelikli unsurun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in, din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular, aldatma arac\u0131 olarak k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Su\u00e7un olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen hile ile haks\u0131z bir yarar da sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    3.1.3. Uygulamal\u0131 \u00d6rnekler ve A\u00e7\u0131klamalar<\/span><\/p>\n

    Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle i\u015flenmesi, bu su\u00e7un temel \u015fekline g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131r ceza ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum olarak TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Din, bir toplulu\u011fun sahip oldu\u011fu kutsal kitap, peygamber ve “Allah” kavram\u0131m da genellikle i\u00e7inde bulunduran inan\u00e7 sistemi ve bu sisteme ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yerine getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ahlaki kurallar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Dini inan\u00e7, dine inanan, belirli bir dine mensup ki\u015finin duyguland\u0131r. Bir insan\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131 ile, do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, terbiyesini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailesi, \u00e7evresi ve i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu toplum aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 bir ili\u015fki bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu nitelikli unsurun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi ve su\u00e7un olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, dini kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 olanlar\u0131n, \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi de\u011ferler, din i inan\u00e7 ve duygular aldatma arac\u0131 olarak k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmal\u0131, bu suretle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen hile ile haks\u0131z bir yarar da sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Failin, ma\u011fdurun yanma gelerek dini birtak\u0131m enstr\u00fcmanlar kullan\u0131p hile yaparak haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesi, bu madde kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Fail, hile yaparak, ma\u011fdura ait mal\u0131 gizlice alsa bile eylem h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil, bu madde kapsam\u0131nda nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k say\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Failin eylemlerine bak\u0131lacakt\u0131r, hile noktas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yap\u0131larak, ma\u011fdurdan mal\u0131n gizli ya da a\u00e7\u0131k teslimi s\u00f6z konusu ise, eylem doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k say\u0131lacakt\u0131r, e\u011fer fail, herhangi bir hile eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeden mal\u0131, sahibinin r\u0131zas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda al\u0131rsa eylem h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yapan ki\u015filer, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n zaaflar\u0131ndan, onlar\u0131n hassas duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden hareket ederek iradelerini sakatlarlar. Ki\u015filerin d\u00fcnyada vazge\u00e7emeyece\u011fi baz\u0131 de\u011ferler vard\u0131r, toplumda bu de\u011ferleri farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde anlayan ya da yorumlayan ki\u015filer olabilir, \u00f6rne\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck ve falc\u0131l\u0131k, dini bir de\u011fer olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ki\u015fi bunu dini motifler alt\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirebilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu maddenin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 arg\u00fcman\u0131n dinen do\u011fru kabul edilen bir arg\u00fcman olmas\u0131 gerekmemektedir, objektif olarak dini bir duygunun de\u011fil, ma\u011fdurun \u015fahs\u0131nda s\u00fcbjektif olarak, bu duygunun nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fine bakmak gerekecektir<\/p>\n

    TCK 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen bu su\u00e7, 765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’da yer alm\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

    Uygulamada s\u0131kl\u0131kla rastlan\u0131lan olaylara \u00f6rnek verilecek olursa, genel olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck, falc\u0131l\u0131k, boh\u00e7ac\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/span> suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k bu madde kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rne\u011fin ; fitre ya da zekat verilece\u011finden bahisle para toplanmas\u0131,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Ger\u00e7ekte cami yapt\u0131rma niyetinde olmayan bir kimsenin cami yapt\u0131raca\u011f\u0131ndan veya yar\u0131m kalan camiyi bitirece\u011finden bahisle izinsiz olarak yard\u0131m toplanmas\u0131,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Kiliseye veya ba\u015fka dini bir mabede yard\u0131m bahanesiyle para istenmesi,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Hz. Isa’n\u0131n d\u00fcnyaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in altyap\u0131 olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere para toplanmas\u0131,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    “En b\u00fcy\u00fck hay\u0131r, cami yapt\u0131rmakt\u0131r” denilerek, camiye yard\u0131m bahanesiyle para al\u0131p uzakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Cenaze i\u00e7in “Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim” okunaca\u011f\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan zekat verilece\u011finden bahisle para istenmesi,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, Allah’tan kendisine kutsal bir g\u00fc\u00e7 verildi\u011fini ve bu g\u00fc\u00e7le hastalar\u0131 iyile\u015ftirebilece\u011fini iddia ederek ma\u011fdurdan para almas\u0131,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    “Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim” okuman\u0131n de\u011ferli bir ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 \u00fczerine yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle yard\u0131m toplanmas\u0131,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Kendilerini hoca olarak tan\u0131tan failin, ma\u011fdura, k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n baht\u0131n\u0131n kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, evlerinde muska oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyip evlerine gelerek, \u00e7e\u015fitli dualar okuyup k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n elbisesinden muska \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131r\u0131p bu muskay\u0131 bozup yeni muska yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek paralar\u0131m almalar\u0131,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Failin, ma\u011fdura, evlerinin bah\u00e7esinde bir k\u00fcp alt\u0131n oldu\u011funu bu alt\u0131m \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli dualar ve t\u00f6renler yap\u0131p getirecekleri ila\u00e7la k\u00fcp i\u00e7erisindeki maddeyi alt\u0131na \u00e7evirecekleri vaatleri ile kat\u0131lanlar\u0131 kand\u0131r\u0131p alt\u0131n ve paralar\u0131n\u0131 almalar\u0131 eylemi,<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Ger\u00e7ekte olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde cami ya da Kur’an kursuna yard\u0131m edilece\u011finden bahisle para toplanmas\u0131, yine dinin orijinal b\u00fcnyesinde bulunmayan tarzda ve maddi menfaat temin etmek i\u00e7in muskac\u0131l\u0131k, \u00fcf\u00fcr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck gibi faaliyetler<\/em> <\/span>sonucu ki\u015filerden yarar elde edilmesi hali de, bu bent kapsam\u0131na girecektir.<\/p>\n

    TCK’ n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesi, A\u011f\u0131r Ceza mahkemesinin g\u00f6rev alan\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong> Bu nedenle Asliye ceza Mahkemesi, bu su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekti\u011fi durumlarda mutlak anlamda g\u00f6revsizlik karan verecektir, aksi takdirde Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan, sair y\u00f6nleri\u00a0incelenmeksizin g\u00f6rev bozmas\u0131 yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    TCK’ n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesi ile ilgili soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturmada dikkat edilecek hususlara bak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekirse, \u00f6ncelikle soru\u015fturma s\u0131ras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015ftekinin ifadesi al\u0131n\u0131rken su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ihtiva edecek \u015fekilde ifade al\u0131nmal\u0131, olaya ili\u015fkin tan\u0131klar\u0131 ve deliller sorulmal\u0131, failin ne \u015fekilde hile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi, hangi dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulan istismar etti\u011fi, failin ne kadar haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011fi, bu menfaatin pe\u015fin olarak m\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya da pe\u015fin olarak alman paran\u0131n taksitler halinde mi al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya failin peyder pey de\u011fi\u015fik tarihlerde haks\u0131z menfaat temin edip etmedi\u011fi hususlar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sorulmal\u0131, varsa tan\u0131klar dinlenmeli, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin iddialar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sorulmal\u0131, olayla ilgili bilimsel delil niteli\u011finde kabul edilecek parmak izi, g\u00fcvenlik kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 elde edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

    M\u00fc\u015fteki ile failin y\u00fczle\u015ftirilerek doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yapan ki\u015finin fail olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin olarak belirlemesi, bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 taktirde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n te\u015fhise elveri\u015fli olan ve b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00f6nlerden \u00e7ekilmi\u015f yeni foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131n temin edilerek kesin te\u015fhisinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131ndan sonra toplanan t\u00fcm delillerin birlikte de\u011ferlendirilerek sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayin edilmesi gerekmektedir. Failin nezarethane defterinde kay\u0131tl\u0131 bulunan foto\u011fraflar\u0131 ile yap\u0131lacak te\u015fhis, usul\u00fcne uygun bir te\u015fhis olarak kabul edilmeyecektir. Ayr\u0131ca, failin, birden fazla ki\u015fi ara\u015ft\u0131rma konulmas\u0131 suretiyle te\u015fhis yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 daha uygun olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    M\u00fc\u015ftekiye, her a\u015famada zarar\u0131n giderilip giderilmedi\u011fi, giderilmi\u015f ise, hangi tarihte kim taraf\u0131ndan giderildi\u011fi, k\u0131smi giderme s\u00f6z konusu ise TCK’n\u0131n 168\/4. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda buna muvafakatinin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususu sorulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Failin ifadesi al\u0131n\u0131rken, m\u00fc\u015fteki ifadesindeki hususlar sorulmal\u0131, su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n tespitine ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ifade al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    TCK’ n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinin yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, maddenin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re; iki y\u0131ldan yedi y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ve be\u015fbin g\u00fcne kadar adli para cezas\u0131 verilecektir. Burada dikkate edilmesi gereken husus, ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7e ile hapis cezas\u0131 alttan, g\u00fcn para cezas\u0131 alt hadden uzakla\u015f\u0131larak verilemeyecektir, ama gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6sterilerek hapis cezas\u0131 alttan, adli para cezas\u0131 alt hadden uzakla\u015f\u0131larak verilecektir. Yarg\u0131tay 15. Ceza Dairesi, hapis cezas\u0131 alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan tayin edildi\u011fi halde adl\u0131 para cezas\u0131 belirlenirken yeterli ve yasal gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilmeksizin, ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7eyle tam g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n asgari hadden uzakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle belirlenerek fazla ceza tay\u00een edilmesini bozma nedeni olarak kabul etmektedir Hapis ve adli para cezas\u0131 alt hadden verilecekse, 2 y\u0131l hapis ve 5 g\u00fcn adli para cezas\u0131: \u015feklinde temel ceza belirlenmelidir.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay CGK. 02\/04\/2013 tarih ve 2012\/13-1398 Esas ve 21313112 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda;<\/span> su\u00e7un s\u00fcbutuna ili\u015fkin bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k bulunmayan olayda, \u00d6zel Daire ile Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan ve Ceza Genel Kurulu’nca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gereken uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k, su\u00e7 niteli\u011finin belirlenmesine ili\u015fkindir…. do\u011fumlu olup in\u015faat ustas\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kat\u0131lan Z. ile .. do\u011fumlu ve ev han\u0131m\u0131 olan kat\u0131lan K\/rrin,… do\u011fumlu k\u0131zlar\u0131 P\/nin ni\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 sebebiyle fal bakt\u0131rmak maksad\u0131yla bu i\u015flerden anlayan birisini aramaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131, yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n tavsiyesiyle \u00e7evrede “\\L Hoca” olarak bilinen san\u0131k M.B\/nin evine gittikleri, kat\u0131landan dinleyen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ak\u015fam evlerine geleceklerini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn ak\u015fam di\u011fer san\u0131k E. ile birlikte kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n evlerine gittikleri, evde san\u0131k M\/nin kanepede, kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n evdeki k\u0131zlar\u0131 ve gelinleri ile san\u0131k E\/nin de yerde oturduklar\u0131, san\u0131k M\/nin kat\u0131lanlara k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n baht\u0131n\u0131n kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve evlerinde muska oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek muskay\u0131 etkisizle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in dua ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015feyler okuyup k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131yafetini istedi\u011fi, ard\u0131ndan s\u00f6z konusu k\u0131yafetten \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti\u011fi bir muskay\u0131 g\u00f6stererek bu muskay\u0131 bozup yeni muska yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n baht\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131m s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, s\u00f6zlerine inanan kaplanlardan 350 Lira ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca kat\u0131lanlara evlerinin bah\u00e7esinde g\u00f6m\u00fc oldu\u011funu, alt\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve zengin olacaklar\u0131na kat\u0131lanlar\u0131 ikna etti\u011fi, bu alt\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli dualar okuyaca\u011f\u0131m ve t\u00f6renler yapaca\u011f\u0131m, daha sonra getirece\u011fi ila\u00e7la da k\u00fcp i\u00e7erisinde bulunan maddeyi alt\u0131na \u00e7evirece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, takip eden g\u00fcnlerde birka\u00e7 kez gece vakitlerinde gelerek bir k\u0131s\u0131m dualar okuduklar\u0131, herkesin el ele tutu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak yanmakta olan bir mangal\u0131n i\u00e7ine bir tak\u0131m cisimler att\u0131klar\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n kendilerinin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi yere \u00e7ukur kazmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131, bu \u00e7ukurdan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m s\u00f6yledikleri bir k\u00fcp\u00fc kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n evinin bir odas\u0131na koyduklar\u0131, bu oday\u0131 kilitleyen san\u0131k Mesud’un anahtar\u0131 alarak kimsenin i\u00e7eri girmemesi gerekti\u011fini, aksi takdirde cinlerin kendilerini \u00e7arpaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, k\u00fcp\u00fcn i\u00e7indekini alt\u0131na \u00e7evirmek i\u00e7in Suriye’ye ila\u00e7 almaya gideceklerini belirttikten sonra bunun i\u00e7in bir miktar alt\u0131n ve Amerikan Dolar\u0131 istedikleri, san\u0131klar\u0131n daha sonra geldikleri bir g\u00fcn k\u00fcp\u00fc bir madde ile patlatt\u0131klar\u0131, patlama sonras\u0131 alt\u0131n oldu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131ran sar\u0131 renkli bir heykeli ve metal paralar\u0131 g\u00f6sterip k\u00fcp\u00fcn i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek kat\u0131landan g\u00fcvenlerini kazand\u0131klar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 bir kez daha; \u201cila\u00e7 bulursak sizi daha \u00e7ok zengin edece\u011fiz” s\u00f6zleri ve vaatleriyle daha fazla para vermeye ikna ettikleri, kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan bor\u00e7 olarak ald\u0131klar\u0131 paralan san\u0131klara verdikleri, b\u00f6ylelikle san\u0131klara a\u015famalarda toplam 4 alt\u0131n bilezik, 5.000 Lira ve 12.000 Amerikan Dolar\u0131 civar\u0131nda para verdikleri, en son san\u0131klardan haber alamay\u0131nca k\u00fcp\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu odan\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rarak i\u00e7eriye girdiklerinde k\u00fcp\u00fcn i\u00e7inde kum ve toprak oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri ve doland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlayarak \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i olduklar\u0131, san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda benzer eylemler nedeniyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan \u00e7e\u015fitli kamu davalar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131klar\u0131n a\u015famalarda, su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 kabul etmeyerek kat\u0131lanlar\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131m savunduklar\u0131, anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r…<\/p>\n

    TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesi ile, toplumda ya\u015fayan insanlar \u00fczerinde yo\u011fun bir etkisi bulunan dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r… Bu a\u015famada muska, b\u00fcy\u00fc ve istismar s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131nda da yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re, muska<\/strong><\/span>; “\u0130\u00e7inde dinsel veya b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn sakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu san\u0131lan, ta\u015f\u0131yan\u0131, takam veya sahip olan\u0131 zararl\u0131 etkilerden koruyup iyilik getirdi\u011fine inan\u0131lan bir nesne, yaz\u0131l\u0131 k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t vb; \u00fc\u00e7gen bi\u00e7iminde katlanm\u0131\u015f olan \u015fey; ta\u015f\u0131yan\u0131, takam ya da sahip olan\u0131 zararl\u0131 etkilerden koruyup iyilik getirdi\u011fine inan\u0131lan, i\u00e7inde dinsel ve b\u00fcy\u00fcsel bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn sakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu san\u0131lan do\u011fal ya da yapay nesne; insan, hayvan, bitki, nesne ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin uygun d\u00fc\u015fen bir yerine as\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131, ba\u011fland\u0131klar\u0131, dikildikleri ya da konulduklar\u0131 zaman onlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm, salg\u0131n, yer sars\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, su bask\u0131m, y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, yang\u0131n, sava\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fc, g\u00f6z de\u011fmesi gibi daha bir\u00e7ok dokuncalardan korudu\u011funa ve onlara bolluk, vars\u0131ll\u0131k, iyi bir gelecek, a\u015f\u0131lmaz bir g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan do\u011fal ya da yapay nesnelerden her biri”<\/strong><\/span>, b\u00fcy\u00fc<\/span><\/strong> ise; “Tabiat kanunlar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar elde etmek iddias\u0131nda olanlar\u0131n ba\u015fvurduklar\u0131 gizli i\u015flem ve davran\u0131\u015flara verilen genel ad, afsun, efsun, sihir, f\u00fcsun, ba\u011f\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131 durulamaz g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc etki; birtak\u0131m do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7ler, gizemsel s\u00f6zler, kutsal say\u0131lan nesneler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla insanlar\u0131, do\u011fay\u0131, do\u011fa yasalar\u0131m etkilemek, istenilen \u015feyleri elde etmek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fclerce belirli kurallara ve tekniklere uygun bir bi\u00e7imde uygulanan verimsiz, bo\u015f eylem ve i\u015flemler”<\/strong> <\/span>\u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stismar, Arap\u00e7a “semere” kelimesinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015f bir kelime olup TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde “s\u00f6m\u00fcrme” anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Uygulamada yerle\u015fmi\u015f kabule g\u00f6re ise; dinin, bir toplulu\u011fun sahip oldu\u011fu kutsal kitap, peygamber ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131 da genellikle i\u00e7inde bulunduran inan\u00e7 sistemi ve bu sisteme ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yerine getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ahlaki kurallar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011fu, dini inanc\u0131n dine inanan, belirli bir dine mensup ki\u015finin duygulan oldu\u011fu, bir insan\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulan ile, do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, terbiyesini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailesi, \u00e7evresi ve i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu toplum aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 bir ili\u015fki bulundu\u011fu, bu nitelikli unsurun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi ve su\u00e7un olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, dini kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 olanlar\u0131n, \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi de\u011ferler, dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n aldatma arac\u0131 olarak k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bu suretle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen hile ile haks\u0131z bir yarar da sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, TCK’n\u0131n 158. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendinde, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle i\u015flenmesi nitelikli hal olarak kabul edilirken, dinin, dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n ya da iyilik yapma hislerinin bir aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 aranm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nemli olan, dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle insanlar\u0131n aldat\u0131lmas\u0131 olup, aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan din veya mezhebin hangi din veya mezhep oldu\u011funun bir \u00f6nemi bulunmamaktad\u0131r…<\/p>\n

    Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somut olay de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde;<\/p>\n

    Kendilerini hoca olarak tan\u0131tan san\u0131klar\u0131n, kat\u0131lanlara k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n baht\u0131n\u0131n kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, evlerinde muska oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyip evlerine gelerek, \u00e7e\u015fitli dualar okuyup k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n elbisesinden muska \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131r\u0131p bu muskay\u0131 bozup yeni muska yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek paralar\u0131n\u0131 almalar\u0131, ayr\u0131ca evlerinin bah\u00e7esinde bir k\u00fcp alt\u0131n oldu\u011funu bu alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli dualar ve t\u00f6renler yap\u0131p getirecekleri ila\u00e7la k\u00fcp i\u00e7erisindeki maddeyi alt\u0131na \u00e7evirecekleri vaatleri ile kat\u0131lanlar\u0131 kand\u0131r\u0131p alt\u0131n ve paralar\u0131n\u0131 almalar\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, san\u0131klar\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile planlay\u0131p ustaca sergiledikleri hareketlerinin hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011finden, hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda ma\u011fdur zarar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemlerin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan “muskay\u0131 bozma ya da cini etkisiz hale getirme veya k\u00fcpten alt\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karma i\u00e7in dua okuma”<\/strong> <\/span>vb. hususlar\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulara ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu, kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n\u0131n istismar edilerek irade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 suretiyle san\u0131klara alt\u0131n ve para vermelerinde etkili oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131klar\u0131n sabit kabul edilen eylemleri din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle zincirleme \u015fekilde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu itibarla, san\u0131klar\u0131n basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan mahk\u00fbmiyetlerine ili\u015fkin yerel mahkeme h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131na dair \u00d6zel Daire karar\u0131nda\u00a0bir isabetsizlik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz\u0131n\u0131n reddine karar verilmelidir, denilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay CGK’n\u0131n 02\/04\/2013 tarih ve 2012\/6-1556 Esas ve 2013\/109 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 kararma<\/span> g\u00f6re de, \u00f6zel Daire \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ile Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan ve Ceza Genel Kurulunca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gereken uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k, su\u00e7 niteli\u011finin belirlenmesine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u0130ncelenen dosya i\u00e7eri\u011finden;… tarihinde ma\u011fdur M. ve k\u0131z\u0131 S\/nin pazar yerine yaya olarak giderken kendilerine yakla\u015fan san\u0131k Y\/nin; “cenazemiz var, kimsemiz yok, cenaze Almanya’dan geldi, cenazemiz i\u00e7in okuyuverin de zekat m\u0131 verelim” dedi\u011fi, ma\u011fdur M. “okuyay\u0131m ama benim zekata ihtiyac\u0131m yok” deyince, “siz okuyun, biz sizin ad\u0131n\u0131za ihtiyac\u0131 olan bir ki\u015fiye zekat veririz” dedi\u011fi, o s\u0131rada di\u011fer san\u0131k S\/nin geldi\u011fi ve san\u0131klar\u0131n bir miktar para \u00e7\u0131kartarak, “sa\u011f kolundaki bilezi\u011fini ver, bununla de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f yapaca\u011f\u0131z, okunduktan sonra da geri verece\u011fiz” diye s\u00f6yledikleri, M\/nin de san\u0131klara inan\u0131p alt\u0131n bilezi\u011fini kolundan \u00e7\u0131kararak san\u0131k S\/ye verdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdur S\/ye “sende de k\u0131ymetli bir \u015fey varsa \u00e7\u0131kart” dedi\u011fi, S\/nin “yok” demesi \u00fczerine san\u0131klar\u0131n birbirleriyle i\u015faretle\u015ferek S\/nin kolundaki iki bilezi\u011fi zorla al\u0131p ka\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131, arkalar\u0131ndan ko\u015fan S\/nin san\u0131klar\u0131n bir apartmana girdiklerini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmada cenazeleri olmayan san\u0131klar\u0131n girdikleri apartman\u0131n ba\u015fka bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ka\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendikleri, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yeti \u00fczerine e\u015fk\u00e2l bilgileri tespit edilen san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda soru\u015fturma ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131,… g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lan bir operasyon sonucunda su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn faaliyetleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan 46 ki\u015fi ile birlikte yakalanan san\u0131klar\u0131n ma\u011fdur S. taraf\u0131ndan te\u015fhis edilmeleri \u00fczerine haklar\u0131nda ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ma\u011fdura y\u00f6nelik eylemleri nedeniyle ya\u011fma, ma\u011fdur M\/ye y\u00f6nelik eylemleri nedeniyle de h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan kamu davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    Yerel mahkemece olay g\u00fcn\u00fc ma\u011fdurlar taraf\u0131ndan verilen e\u015fk\u00e2l bilgilerinin san\u0131klarla uyumlu oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi, san\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda benzer su\u00e7lardan ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f soru\u015fturmalar ve a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kamu davalar\u0131 oldu\u011funun belirlendi\u011fi,<\/p>\n

    San\u0131klar\u0131n a\u015famalarda su\u00e7lamay\u0131 kabul etmedikleri ve yarg\u0131lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n zarar\u0131n\u0131 giderdikleri, Yukar\u0131da yer alan karardaki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somut olay de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde; Su\u00e7 tarihinde ma\u011fdurelere yakla\u015fan san\u0131klar\u0131n; “cenazemiz var, kimsemiz yok, cenaze Almanya’dan geldi, cenazemizi okuyuverin de zekat\u0131n\u0131 verelim” demeleri \u00fczerine, ma\u011fdure M., “okuyay\u0131m ama zekata ihtiyac\u0131m yok” cevab\u0131m verince san\u0131klar\u0131n bu kez; “siz okuyun, biz sizin ad\u0131n\u0131za ihtiyac\u0131 olan bir ki\u015fiye zekat\u0131 veririz” diyerek bir miktar para \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p kolundaki bilezi\u011fini vermesi gerekti\u011fini, de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f yapacaklar\u0131m, okunduktan sonra geri vereceklerini s\u00f6ylemeleri ve ma\u011fdurun da inanarak bilezi\u011fini vermesi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olayda, san\u0131klar\u0131n basit bir yalan\u0131 a\u015fan, ma\u011fduru yan\u0131ltacak ve kand\u0131racak yo\u011funluk ve g\u00fc\u00e7teki s\u00f6zleri ile \u00f6nce planlay\u0131p sonra ustaca sergiledikleri hareketlerinin hileli davran\u0131\u015f olarak kabul\u00fc gerekti\u011finden, hileli davran\u0131\u015flarla aldatma sonucunda ma\u011fdur zarar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylemin h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Aldatma arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan “cenaze i\u00e7in dua ya da Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim okunmas\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan \u00f6len ki\u015finin zekat bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesi” hususunun dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulara ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu ve ma\u011fdur M\/nin bu y\u00f6nde aldat\u0131larak san\u0131klara bilezi\u011fini vermesinde etkili oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131klar\u0131n sabit kabul edilen eylemleri din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, san\u0131klar\u0131n nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan mahk\u00fbmiyetlerine ili\u015fkin yerel mahkeme h\u00fckm\u00fc ile bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn onanmas\u0131na dair \u00d6zel Daire karar\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu itibarla; Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz\u0131n\u0131n reddine karar verilmelidir, diyerek karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    3.1.4. ilgili Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kendisinin hacdan geldi\u011fini, m\u00fc\u015ftekiye hediye Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesi durumunda TCK 158\/1-a ko\u015fullar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; san\u0131k B. T.’nin, san\u0131k K. G\/ye ait olan ve onun kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u00e7la birlikte ma\u011fdurun evine geldikleri, san\u0131k K.’nin ara\u00e7tan inmedi\u011fi, san\u0131k B\/nin evin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, kap\u0131y\u0131, ma\u011fdurun gelini S.’nin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, daha \u00f6nce hacca gitmi\u015f olan ma\u011fduru kastederek ” Hac\u0131 Ay\u015fe teyze evde mi ? ” diye sordu\u011fu, tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n, evde oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesinden sonra i\u00e7eri girerek, ma\u011fdurun elini \u00f6pt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, hacda kafile ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan H. Hoca’n\u0131n selamlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu, kendisinin A. Hoca oldu\u011funu ve hac kafilesinde g\u00f6revli oldu\u011funu, hatta hacda ma\u011fdura i\u011fne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, ya\u015fl\u0131 olan ma\u011fdurun da inand\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu kez, kendisine Kuran-\u0131 Kerim ve dolap hediyesi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, di\u011fer hafta hediyeleri getirece\u011fini, para almayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi ve H. k\u00f6y\u00fcne camii yapt\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, yard\u0131m yap\u0131p yapamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011fu, ma\u011fdurun da dini hassasiyetleri gere\u011fi 50.00 TL’sini gelininden alarak san\u0131\u011fa toplam 80.00 TL para verdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n paray\u0131 alarak geldi\u011fi ara\u00e7la evden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, ve Kuran\u0131 Kerim vs getirmedi\u011fi, bir daha da eve geldi\u011fi, di\u011fer san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, i\u00e7eri girmedi\u011fi, ma\u011fdur ve tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n san\u0131k Kerim’i g\u00f6rmedikleri, bu san\u0131\u011f\u0131n Kuran-\u0131 Kerim satt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131; fakat olay g\u00fcn\u00fc ma\u011fdura sat\u0131\u015f yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece san\u0131klar\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015flediklerinin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, dini kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 olan ma\u011fdurun \u00f6nem verdi\u011fi de\u011ferler ile dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n aldatma arac\u0131 olarak k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bu suretle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen hile ile haks\u0131z bir yarar da sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir \u0130sabetsizlik bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 08\/07\/2014 tarih ve\u00a02012\/22243 Esas, 2014\/13602 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, evde b\u00fcy\u00fc oldu\u011funu belirterek, m\u00fc\u015ftekiye ait evdeki alt\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7almas\u0131 olay\u0131nda, alt\u0131nlar gizlice al\u0131nsa bile, hile ile \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle eylem, TCK 158\/1 -a su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131klar\u0131n 11\/10\/2011 tarihinde kat\u0131lan S.E.’nin evine gelip mevlit yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, bunun i\u00e7in para toplad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledikleri, ayr\u0131ca “bu oturdu\u011funuz evde b\u00fcy\u00fc var kald\u0131ral\u0131m, senin bu evde bulunan b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fc temizleyelim, senin evde alt\u0131n var, onlar\u0131 getir biz b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fc temizleyelim” diyerek alt\u0131nlar\u0131 istedikleri, kat\u0131lan\u0131n alt\u0131nlar\u0131 bulundu\u011fu yerden getirerek san\u0131klara verdi\u011fi, san\u0131klar\u0131n alt\u0131nlar\u0131 bir t\u00fclbent i\u00e7erisine sarm\u0131\u015f gibi yaparak, alt\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fczerlerine ald\u0131klar\u0131, sanki alt\u0131nlar t\u00fclbent i\u00e7erisindeymi\u015f gibi kat\u0131lana geri vererek “sen bu t\u00fclbendi biz gittikten sonra a\u00e7 ki b\u00fcy\u00fc bozulsun” diyerek olay yerinden h\u0131zla uzakla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, 30\/11\/2011 tarihinde ise kat\u0131lanlar M.A. ve M. K.’n\u0131n evine giderek su istedikleri, ayr\u0131ca “sizde b\u00fcy\u00fc var “dedikleri, daha sonra kat\u0131lanlardan alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve paras\u0131n\u0131 getirmesini istedikleri, ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle alt\u0131nlar\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131, iddia olunan somut olayda; san\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan beri doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kast\u0131yla hareket edip kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n evinde bulunan para ve alt\u0131nlar\u0131 almalar\u0131 \u015feklinde geli\u015fen eylemlerinin, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “Dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden, su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda hataya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 15\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/5604 Esas, 2014\/7084 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fc bahanesi ile evdeki ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7alma eylemi, TCK 158\/1-a kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00dc\u00e7 katl\u0131 binan\u0131n \u00fcst kat\u0131ndaki dairede ikamet eden ve kayden … tarihinde evlenmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnen kat\u0131lan\u0131n, birinci katta oturan eltisi tan\u0131k A\/ye, ikinci katta oturan tan\u0131k kay\u0131n validesi \u0130. ile birlikte ziyarete gittiklerinde; fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket eden san\u0131klar\u0131n A.’nin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131p ona “…Kermesten geliyoruz, \u00e7ember ve sair sat\u0131yoruz…” demeleri, ard\u0131ndan birer bardak su istemeleri ile olu\u015fan diyalog ortam\u0131nda san\u0131klar\u0131n kat\u0131lan\u0131n g\u00f6zleri i\u00e7ine bak\u0131p “…sen yeni evlenmi\u015fsin …\u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7ekmi\u015fsin …sana b\u00fcy\u00fc yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f…” diyerek hem tan\u0131klar\u0131 hem de \u015fikayet\u00e7iyi etki alt\u0131na almalar\u0131, tan\u0131k A\/den istedikleri kuru so\u011fan\u0131 beze sar\u0131p, bir \u015feyler okuduktan sonra k\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131nda, so\u011fan i\u00e7inden muska benzeri bir ka\u011f\u0131t \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 onlara g\u00f6stermeleri, b\u00f6ylece “b\u00fcy\u00fc, muska yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131” inanc\u0131n\u0131 kuvvetlendirmeleri, ev sahibesinden \u00e7orap dahil giyim e\u015fyalar\u0131 isteyip, bunlar\u0131 bir boh\u00e7a haline getirmeleri ve kat\u0131lana “…alt\u0131nlar\u0131 koydu\u011fun \u00e7orab\u0131 boh\u00e7a i\u00e7ine koy getir…” diyerek onun talimata uymas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamalar\u0131, boh\u00e7ay\u0131 kat\u0131landan geri ald\u0131klar\u0131nda yine m\u0131r\u0131ldanarak bir \u015feyler okuyup (bu anda el \u00e7abuklu\u011fu ile ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 dolu \u00e7orab\u0131 al\u0131p) ona “…boh\u00e7an\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcr bir odaya kilitle ve kap\u0131y\u0131-boh\u00e7ay\u0131 yar\u0131m saatten \u00f6nce a\u00e7ma, namaz\u0131n\u0131 da k\u0131l…” dedikten sonra \u015fikayet\u00e7i ve tan\u0131klar\u0131n yan\u0131ndan uzakla\u015farak haks\u0131z yarar sa\u011flamalar\u0131 eylemlerinin “nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k”<\/strong> <\/span>su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu iddia edilen somut olayda;<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun 04.02.2014 tarih ve 2013\/15-262 E; 2014\/37 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda<\/span> da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere; san\u0131klar\u0131n yukar\u0131da da \u00f6zetlendi\u011fi bi\u00e7imiyle s\u00fbbuta eren eylemlerinin TCK’n\u0131n 142\/2-b maddesinde tan\u0131mlanan “nitelikli h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k” su\u00e7unu de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 158\/ 1-a maddesinde tan\u0131mlanan “nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu nazara al\u0131nmadan su\u00e7 vasf\u0131n\u0131n tayininde yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde kararlar verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 05\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/10306 Esas, 2014\/11271 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; san\u0131k \u00d6. Y\/nin, \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin evine gidip hay\u0131r toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iden para ve su istemesi \u00fczerine, \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin san\u0131\u011fa su ile 1 TL para verdi\u011fi, daha sonra evde sigara i\u00e7mek i\u00e7in izin istedi\u011fi, \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin kabul etmesi \u00fczerine eve giren san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iye “sizin evde cin peri b\u00fcy\u00fc var, kocan \u00f6lecek, bunu ben \u00e7\u00f6zece\u011fim, e\u015finin elbiselerini getir, hatta evinizde b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda para var” diyerek para ve alt\u0131nlar\u0131 getirmesini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesine ra\u011fmen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0131srar etmesi \u00fczerine evde bulunan … marka cep telefonunu, beyaz ve sar\u0131 alt\u0131n kordonlu kol saati ile iki adet alyans y\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc san\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bunlar\u0131 bir beze sard\u0131ktan sonra \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7iden yeniden su istedi\u011fi, \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7inin suyu almaya gitti\u011fi s\u0131rada san\u0131\u011f\u0131n evden uzakla\u015farak ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa dair mahkemenin kabul ve uygulamas\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 27\/01\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/8090 Esas, 2014\/1184 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kimli\u011fi tespit edilemeyen ba\u015fka bir kad\u0131n ile birlikte m\u00fc\u015fteki H.A.’n\u0131n evine nevresim satmak bahanesiyle geldi\u011fi, sohbet s\u0131ras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fteki H\/nin ye\u011feni olan m\u00fc\u015fteki \u00c7.A.’n\u0131n ni\u015fanl\u0131s\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi, bunun \u00fczerine m\u00fc\u015fteki \u00c7\/ye “sana ni\u015fanl\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lman i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fc yapm\u0131\u015flar, alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131n onlara muska yazay\u0131m da b\u00fcy\u00fc bozulsun” dedi\u011fi, m\u00fc\u015ftekilerin \u00fczerlerinde bulunan alt\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartarak san\u0131\u011fa verdikleri, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu alt\u0131nlar\u0131 bir t\u00fclbente sararak ba\u015fka bir odaya girip alt\u0131nlar\u0131 sard\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fclbentin i\u00e7erisinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7antas\u0131na koydu\u011fu, s\u00f6z konusu oday\u0131 kilitledi\u011fi ve bu odaya bir saat boyunca girmeyeceksiniz, bir saat sonra girdi\u011finizde b\u00fcy\u00fc bozulacak diyerek alt\u0131nlar\u0131 al\u0131p gitti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n m\u00fc\u015ftekilerin din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n\u0131 istismar ederek doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fine dair kabulde isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 29\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/16077 Esas, 2014\/8453 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; san\u0131k V\/nin, yan\u0131ndaki kimli\u011fi tespit edilemeyen ba\u015fka bir arkada\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte kat\u0131lan, B.’nin evine geldi\u011fi, kat\u0131lana “sende b\u00fcy\u00fc var, elime bir par\u00e7a tuz koy da seni okuyay\u0131m” dedikleri, “seni yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n yerde okumam\u0131z gerekiyor” demeleri \u00fczerine, \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n hep beraberce kat\u0131lan\u0131n yatak odas\u0131na ge\u00e7tikleri, katliam yata\u011fa yat\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131, tuza bakarak bir \u015feyler okuduklar\u0131, kat\u0131lana: “40 ta\u015f 40 kancal\u0131 i\u011fne Arap\u00e7a kuran okuyacaks\u0131n, kolundaki bilezikleri ve tak\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p \u00e7orab\u0131n i\u00e7ine koyacaks\u0131n, \u015fofbene tutup ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kayaca\u011f\u0131z” dedikleri, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00e7orab\u0131n i\u00e7ine koydu\u011fu alt\u0131lar\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131, 3 tane yast\u0131k istedikleri, \u00fc\u00e7 yast\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcst \u00fcste koyup bez ba\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131, yast\u0131klar\u0131n aras\u0131na alt\u0131n dolu \u00e7orab\u0131 koyduklar\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n etraf\u0131 g\u00f6remeyece\u011fi \u015fekilde kafas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne e\u011fdirdikleri yakla\u015f\u0131k 20-30 dakika ovalamaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131, bu s\u0131rada alt\u0131nlar\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n kad\u0131nlar\u0131n evden ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131ndan 10-15 dakika sonra kendine geldi\u011fi, kollar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etti\u011finde 7 adet alt\u0131n bilezik ile 1 \u00e7ift k\u00fcpe, y\u00fcz\u00fck ve alt\u0131n kol saatinin kollar\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7al\u0131nan mallar\u0131n de\u011ferinin 2000 TL civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kimli\u011fi belirlenemeyen di\u011fer \u015fah\u0131sla olay yerinden ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki eylemin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde\u00a0d\u00fczenlenen nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 14\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2014\/8741 Esas, 2015\/326 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kat\u0131lan\u0131n evine gidip sohbet ettikleri s\u0131rada, hr\u0131stiyanlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcrken alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 topra\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir b\u00fcy\u00fc yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, kendisinin bu b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fc tersine \u00e7evirdi\u011fini, topra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hay\u0131r sever bir insan oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek, yan\u0131nda getirdi\u011fi \u00e7uval i\u00e7erisindeki k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkli topraktan bir miktar \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p siyah bir po\u015fete koydu\u011fu, ard\u0131ndan po\u015fetin i\u00e7erisindeki topra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7uval i\u00e7erisinden \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131 seccadeye d\u00f6k\u00fcp, sa\u011f\u0131na soluna d\u00f6nerek dua okur gibi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, topra\u011fa bir \u015feyler yaz\u0131yormu\u015f gibi kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p i\u00e7erisinden iki adet alt\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc bilezik \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bileziklere dokunmamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, teravih namaz\u0131na gidip gelince daha \u00e7ok alt\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kartaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyip olay yerinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, geri geldi\u011finde be\u015f adet daha alt\u0131n bilezik \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131, 600,00 TL para vermesi halinde bu paray\u0131 yakarak meleklere g\u00f6nderece\u011finden bahsedip, kat\u0131landan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 paray\u0131 yak\u0131yormu\u015f gibi yap\u0131p haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n alt\u0131nlar\u0131 kuyumcuya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde sahte olduklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi somut olayda; kat\u0131lan ve tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131 ile kolluk taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan te\u015fhise ve su\u00e7ta kullan\u0131lan bileziklerin sahte oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin tutanaklar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fine g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131 aldatma arac\u0131 olarak k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131larak nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 26\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/20114 Esas, 2014\/12974 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, paralan hocaya okutma bahanesiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesi eylemi de TCK 158\/1-a maddesi kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Kat\u0131lan pazar al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi yapmakta iken yan\u0131na gelen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, sohbet a\u00e7\u0131p, katliam tan\u0131yor imaj\u0131 verdi\u011fi, ard\u0131ndan kat\u0131lana kendisinin zekat paras\u0131 vermek istedi\u011fini, etraf\u0131nda g\u00fcvenilir birileri olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011fu, kat\u0131lan\u0131n da “var” demesi \u00fczerine, kendi ad\u0131na zekat paras\u0131n\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 olan birilerine verip veremeyece\u011fini sordu\u011fu, kat\u0131lan\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131n teklifini kabul etti\u011fi ve bir apartman\u0131n giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne geldikleri ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kat\u0131lan\u0131 bu apartmana soktu\u011fu, apartman i\u00e7inde temyiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131 di\u011fer san\u0131k O\/nun yanlar\u0131na geldi\u011fi, her iki san\u0131\u011f\u0131n “zekat\u0131m\u0131z” diyerek ceplerinden bir miktar para \u00e7\u0131kartarak kat\u0131lan\u0131n eline verdikleri, ancak sonra san\u0131k O\/nun “abla sen burada bekle, yukar\u0131da mevlit var, ben bu paralar\u0131 hocaya okutup geliyorum” diyerek paralar\u0131 da alarak apartman\u0131n \u00fcst kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir m\u00fcddet sonra gelerek kat\u0131lana, “hoca bunlar\u0131n okunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011ferli bir \u015fey olmas\u0131 gerek dedi” diyerek kat\u0131lan\u0131n kolundaki iki adet alt\u0131n bilezi\u011fi istedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n da bileziklerini zekat paras\u0131n\u0131n okunup iade edilmek \u00fczere verdi\u011fi, ard\u0131ndan san\u0131k O\/nun geri geldi\u011fi ve kat\u0131lana “abla hoca seni istiyor” diyerek kat\u0131lan\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na be\u015finci kata yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n orada hoca olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark edip, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya indi\u011finde san\u0131klar\u0131n ortadan kayboldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn iddia ve kabul olunmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, eylemin temas etti\u011fi 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “Dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delilleri takdir ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi’ne ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken duru\u015fmaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 10\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/10772 Esas, 2014\/11595 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Evdeki tak\u0131lar\u0131n besmelesiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, okutulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi bahanesiyle doland\u0131rma<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Kat\u0131lan\u0131n ikametine \u00e7eyiz satma bahanesiyle gelen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kat\u0131landa nazar oldu\u011funa dair yalan s\u00f6yledikten sonra kat\u0131lan\u0131 s\u00f6zde okudu\u011fu ve ayr\u0131ca evde bulunan tak\u0131lar\u0131n da besmelesiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dua okunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde \u015feytanlar\u0131n al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrece\u011fini belirtip bu duruma aldanan kat\u0131lan taraf\u0131ndan getirilen ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 da okudu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131ktan sonra muhtelif k\u0131yafetlerin aras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirip kat\u0131landan k\u0131bleye d\u00f6nmesini istedi\u011fi, dua okudu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen ve katlan\u0131n k\u0131bleye d\u00f6nmesinden istifade ederek s\u00f6z konusu ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 ve paras\u0131n\u0131 uhdesine ge\u00e7iren san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kat\u0131lan ile birlikte d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131karak bir bahaneyle katlan\u0131n yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, San\u0131\u011f\u0131n iddianamede anlat\u0131lan eyleminin; 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delilleri takdir ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine art oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken duru\u015fmaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde, h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 12\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2014\/13754 Esas, 2015\/59 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Evde muska oldu\u011fu bahanesiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etme<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, yan\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan ve bu nedenle hakk\u0131nda tefrik karar\u0131 verilen G.A. oldu\u011fu halde \u015fikayet\u00e7inin evine gidip kap\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7ald\u0131klar\u0131, \u015fikayet\u00e7inin kap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7mas\u0131 \u00fczerine i\u00e7en girerek oturduklar\u0131, gerek \u015fikayet\u00e7iye gerekse evde bulunanlara “Evde muska var, okumak laz\u0131m.” diyerek okumaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015fikayet\u00e7iden okumak i\u00e7in evde bulunan paralar\u0131 kat\u0131landan istedi\u011fi, \u015fikayet\u00e7inin de evde bulunan 11.000 TL para ve 10.000 TL de\u011ferindeki alt\u0131nlar\u0131 getirmesi \u00fczerine okumaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131, bu s\u0131rada \u015fikayet\u00e7i ve evde bulunanlar\u0131n dalg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan faydalanarak alt\u0131n ve paralar\u0131 alarak gittiklerinin iddia ve kabul olunmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin temas etti\u011fi, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “Dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delilleri takdir ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine art oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken duru\u015fma\/a devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 13\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2014\/5943 Esas, 2015\/267 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Boh\u00e7ac\u0131 olan san\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fc, nazar bahanesiyle e\u015fyalar\u0131 okuyup \u00fcfleyerek haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmeleri<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131klar\u0131n boh\u00e7ac\u0131 olup seyyar sat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k i\u015fi ile u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, su\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nce, kat\u0131lan\u0131n ikamet etti\u011fi mahalleye birlikte gelip ev ev dola\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 bu s\u0131rada mahallede bulunan kad\u0131nlarla konu\u015ftuklar\u0131, \u00e7evredeki insanlar hakk\u0131nda bilgi toplad\u0131klar\u0131, su\u00e7 tarihinden bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nce de katlan\u0131n evin \u00f6n\u00fcne geldikleri, burada kat\u0131lan\u0131 ve kay\u0131n validesi olan tan\u0131k E\/yi g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri, sohbet etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131, \u00e7evreden toplad\u0131klar\u0131 bilgilerle kat\u0131lan ve tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkileyen san\u0131klar\u0131n, su\u00e7 tarihinde yeniden katlan\u0131n evinin bulundu\u011fu yere geldikleri, tan\u0131k E\/ye “senin gelininde ve ailesinde b\u00fcy\u00fc var, nazar var, bunu bozaca\u011f\u0131z” dedikten sonra birlikte katlan\u0131n evinin kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne geldikleri, burada oturup konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 s\u0131rada san\u0131klardan birinin kat\u0131lana “bileziklerini, alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar yatak odas\u0131na koy” dedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131nda 9 adet alt\u0131n bilezi\u011fini, alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve k\u00fcpesini \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p bir beze sararak yatak odas\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp yatak \u00fczerinde serili bulunan yorgan\u0131n alt\u0131na san\u0131k S. ile koydu\u011fu, S.’nin, dua eder gibi yaparak okuyup \u00fcfledi\u011fi bu s\u0131rada tekrar evin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmadan kat\u0131lan\u0131n yorgan alt\u0131na koydu\u011fu alt\u0131nlar\u0131 el \u00e7abuklu\u011fu ile alarak ev d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha sonra san\u0131klar\u0131n, kat\u0131lan ve tan\u0131k E\/ye,” kap\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kilitleyin size d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6sterece\u011fiz” dedikleri, birlikte d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra h\u0131zl\u0131ca evden ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan beri doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kast\u0131yla hareket edip, hileli s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flarla dini duygular\u0131n\u0131 istismar ettikleri kat\u0131landan haks\u0131z menfaat sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, eylemlerinin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “Dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden, su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda hataya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131; (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 15\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2014\/19966 Esas, 2015\/481 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131klar\u0131n, kat\u0131lan\u0131n evinin kap\u0131 zilini \u00e7alarak \u015feker istedikleri, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u015feker vermesi \u00fczerine ona “size okuyaca\u011f\u0131m, bana ip getirin” dedikleri, kat\u0131lan\u0131n ip almak i\u00e7in i\u00e7eriye gitti\u011finde evde misafir olarak bulunan tan\u0131klar S. ve \u00d6\/n\u00fcn kap\u0131daki san\u0131klar\u0131 evin i\u00e7erisine davet ettikleri, san\u0131klardan birinin ipi eline al\u0131p “bak\u0131n ip nas\u0131l uzayacak” diyerek elinde ipin uzad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, kat\u0131lana, \u0130stanbul’da bulunan kocas\u0131n\u0131n kaza yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, her ikisinde de muska oldu\u011funu, muskay\u0131 etkisiz hale getirece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek yumurta veya domates getirmesini istedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n getirdi\u011fi domatesi bir bezin i\u00e7ine koyup kat\u0131lana ezdirdi\u011fi, i\u00e7inden bir muska \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f gibi ezik domatesin bulundu\u011fu bezden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 muskay\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, kat\u0131landan, okumak i\u00e7in alt\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 ve paras\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n bir adet yar\u0131m Cumhuriyet alt\u0131n\u0131n\u0131, bir \u00e7ift k\u00fcpesini, \u00fc\u00e7 adet alt\u0131n saatini ve 2.560 TL paras\u0131n\u0131 getirdi\u011fi, bunlar\u0131 bir boh\u00e7a i\u00e7ine koyan san\u0131klar\u0131n, boh\u00e7ay\u0131 di\u011fer odaya koyup kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kilitledikleri bu s\u0131rada alt\u0131nlar\u0131 el \u00e7abuklu\u011fu ile ald\u0131klar\u0131 daha sonra dua edeceklerini, odaya kilitlenen boh\u00e7an\u0131n 1 saat s\u00fcreyle a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131, aksi halde muskan\u0131n bozulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra tekrar d\u00f6neceklerini s\u00f6yleyerek evden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p ortadan kaybolduklar\u0131, bu \u015fekilde san\u0131klar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan beri doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k kast\u0131yla hareket edip, hileli s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flarla dini duygular\u0131n\u0131 istismar ettikleri kat\u0131landan haks\u0131z menfaat sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, eylemlerinin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “Dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle” nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden, su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda hataya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131; (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 15\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2014\/19967 Esas, 2015\/488 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Mevlit okutuldu\u011fu ve \u00f6len akrabalar i\u00e7in hay\u0131r yap\u0131lmak istendi\u011fi belirtilerek haks\u0131z menfaat temin edilmesi<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kimlik bilgileri tespit edilemeyen bir arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n pazara al\u0131\u015f veri\u015f yapmak \u00fczere giden 75 ya\u015flar\u0131ndaki kat\u0131lana yakla\u015farak “teyze nas\u0131ls\u0131n” dedikten sonra elini \u00f6p\u00fcp “o\u011flun nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor mu” diyerek yak\u0131nl\u0131k kurdu\u011fu, dedesinin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, bunun i\u00e7in mevlit okuttu\u011funu ve fakirlere hay\u0131r yapmak istedi\u011fini, tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakir insanlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011fu, .. sokak No 14 say\u0131l\u0131 adreste bulunan binay\u0131 g\u00f6sterip mevlidin bu binadaki evinde okutuldu\u011funu, oraya gitmeleri gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek birlikte binan\u0131n giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131na gittikleri, bina giri\u015finde, fakirlere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmak \u00fczere 1500 TL’yi kat\u0131lana verdi\u011fi, bu s\u0131rada san\u0131k E.K\/nin asans\u00f6rden inerek kat\u0131lan ve e\u015fi tan\u0131k A.O.\u00c7.’yi ile arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve mevl\u00fcd\u00fcn okundu\u011fu evin 4. katta oklu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek, hocaya okutmak i\u00e7in de\u011ferli c\u0131r e\u015fyas\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011fu, katlan\u0131n da kotunda bulunan 3 adet burma bilezik ile kimli\u011fi tespit edilemeyen di\u011fer ki\u015finin verdi\u011fi 1500 TL’ yi san\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011fi, bilezikleri ve paray\u0131 alan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n binadan ak\u0131p gitti\u011fi olayda, eyleminin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 20\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2014\/23902 Esas, 2015\/793 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Cami ve Kur’an Kursu i\u00e7in yard\u0131m toplama bahanesiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etme<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, cami onar\u0131m ve Kur’an kursu yarar\u0131na para toplanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 5 ve 10 TL bedelli makbuzlar d\u00fczenledi\u011fi, bu biletlerin sat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in herhangi bir kurumdan izin al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha sonra bu makbuzlar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 para topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia olunmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; eylemin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen \u00a0din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delilleri takdir g\u00f6revinin \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilip g\u00f6revsizlik karan verilmesi gerekirken, yarg\u0131lamaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 20\/01\/2015 Tarih ve 2014\/22107 Esas, 2015\/854 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde hareket eden san\u0131klar\u0131n, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n ikametlerine gelerek, hacdayken kendilerinin doktoru olduklar\u0131na dair yalan s\u00f6yledikten sonra, Kuran’\u0131 Kerim satt\u0131klar\u0131m ve ayr\u0131ca M. \u0130linde s\u00f6zde yap\u0131lacak olan camii i\u00e7in yard\u0131m toplad\u0131klar\u0131, minaresinin eksik kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek suretiyle sergiledikleri hileli hareketlerle ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 aldat\u0131p onlardan s\u00f6zde hay\u0131r amac\u0131yla 300 dolar para alarak haks\u0131z menfaat temin ettiklerinin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda; olu\u015fa, san\u0131klar\u0131n savunmalar\u0131na, ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131na, te\u015fhis tutana\u011f\u0131na ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re; san\u0131klar\u0131n, bu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri sabit g\u00f6r\u00fclen eylemlerinin; 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “Dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle” doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 08\/07\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/22243 Esas, 2014\/13602 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -M\u00fc\u015ftekiyi hacca g\u00f6t\u00fcrme bahanesiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etme<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131klar F, ve N\/nin, aralar\u0131ndaki \u00f6nceden yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 plan ve anla\u015fma \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, m\u00fc\u015fteki R.B\/nin evine giderek, kendilerinin m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckten geldi\u011fini ve m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fck i\u00e7in yard\u0131m toplad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi Hacca g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in ad\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirterek m\u00fc\u015ftekiden 200,00 TL para istedikleri ve m\u00fc\u015ftekiye nazar ve bereket dualar\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 olan ka\u011f\u0131tlardan birer adet verdikleri, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin san\u0131klara 60,00 TL para verdi\u011fi, san\u0131klar\u0131n yine ayn\u0131 plan ve anla\u015fma \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde m\u00fc\u015fteki H.S\/nin evine giderek, kendilerinin m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fckten geldi\u011fini ve m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 cami i\u00e7in para toplad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirterek m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi ikna edici s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile kand\u0131r\u0131p, m\u00fc\u015ftekiden 150,00 TL para ald\u0131klar\u0131, san\u0131klar\u0131n bu \u015fekilde \u00fczerlerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u015flediklerinin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131klar ve m\u00fc\u015ftekiler beyanlar\u0131 ile t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n san\u0131klar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmakla haklar\u0131nda verilen mahkumiyet kararlar\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 08\/09\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/353 Esas, 2014\/14045 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    –Somut olayda, seyahat acentesi i\u015fleten san\u0131klar\u0131n, katliam hacca g\u00f6t\u00fcrmeleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda toplam 3.500 Euro almalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, katliam hacca g\u00f6t\u00fcrmedikleri, bu \u015fekilde dini inan\u00e7 ve duygulan istismar ederek nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledikleri iddia edilmi\u015f ise de; san\u0131klar\u0131n kat\u0131landan paray\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, ancak hacca g\u00f6t\u00fcremediklerini, vize i\u015flemleri ve otel masraflar\u0131 i\u00e7in yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki arkada\u015flar\u0131na verdikleri paralan geri alamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 beyan ederek, katliam istedi\u011fi takdirde hacca g\u00f6t\u00fcrmeyi kabul ettikleri, bu haliyle taraflar aras\u0131ndaki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki mahiyette oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun hile unsurunun olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle verilen beraat karar\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 04\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/17960 Esas, 2014\/3945 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u00d6len akrabas\u0131n\u0131n hayr\u0131 i\u00e7in yard\u0131m yapma bahanesiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etme<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Pazar yerinde yaln\u0131z bulunan ma\u011fdura yakla\u015fan ve annelerinin vefat etti\u011fini, bir miktar paras\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu, bunu hay\u0131r i\u00e7in fakirlere da\u011f\u0131tacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen ve tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakir insanlar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 soran, fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket eden san\u0131klar\u0131n, ma\u011fdurdan “…k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z nitelikte insanlar var…” cevab\u0131m ald\u0131klar\u0131na da ona “…o zaman bu paray\u0131 sana verelim, bizimle gel…” deyip onu bir bina \u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6t\u00fcrmeleri san\u0131k S\/nin binaya girip bir s\u00fcre sonra elinde para ile gelmesi ve ma\u011fdura “… Bu paran\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u015feninde paran olmal\u0131 ki devir yapt\u0131ral\u0131m sana verelim…” demesi \u00fczerine ma\u011fdurdan 175 TL almalar\u0131, san\u0131k S\/nin “…duas\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131p, devir suyu ile birlikte getirece\u011fim…” diyerek onlar\u0131n yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcteakip, san\u0131k S\/nin ma\u011fduru binadan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda \u00e7alan telefonuna cevap verip ona “…duas\u0131 okunmu\u015f seni bina \u00f6n\u00fcnde bekliyor, git paran\u0131 al…” diyerek ma\u011fduru tekrar binaya g\u00f6ndermesi, b\u00f6ylece her iki san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da ald\u0131klar\u0131 175 TL ile ortadan kaybolmalar\u0131 eylemlerinin TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde tan\u0131mlanan “nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funu takdir eden mahkemenin kabul ve uygulamalar\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 11\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/4673 Esas, 2014\/21015 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131klar\u0131n, D. \u0130linden X \u0130line gitmek i\u00e7in terminalde bekleyen ma\u011fdurun yan\u0131na gelerek nereye gidece\u011fini sorup, sohbet etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131, akabinde ma\u011fdura \u00f6len bir akrabalar\u0131 ad\u0131na hay\u0131r yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda 5.00 TL bulunan, aralan gazete ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131yla doldurulmu\u015f ve koli band\u0131yla sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan iki tomar verdikleri, daha sonra bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde 3000 TL bulundu\u011funu belirtip kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ma\u011fdurdan 300 TL istedikleri, ma\u011fdurun da paras\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine verdikleri iki tomar\u0131 al\u0131p olay yerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, bilahare ma\u011fdurun olay\u0131 kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7lerine bildirmesi nedeniyle san\u0131klar\u0131n yakaland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131k savunmas\u0131, ma\u011fdur ifadesi, te\u015fhis tutana\u011f\u0131 ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re su\u00e7un san\u0131klar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011fi sabit olmakla bu gerek\u00e7elere dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Muhalefet \u015ferhi<\/em>– “Hay\u0131r” kelimesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k beklenmeden yap\u0131lan yard\u0131m anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. \u00d6l\u00fcmden sonra hay\u0131r olsun diye yard\u0131m yapmak dini bir kavram olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bir akrabas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine “hay\u0131r” yapmak istediklerini belirterek doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015flemeye kalk\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia olunan san\u0131klar\u0131n eyleminin TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-a maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen dini inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle i\u015flenen doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 05\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/17599 Esas, 2014\/11305 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Nazar bulundu\u011fu bahanesiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etme<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; san\u0131k M.Y.’nin yan\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k kimli\u011fi tespit edilemeyen bir bayan da oldu\u011fu halde kat\u0131lan\u0131n evine gelip \u00f6nce yard\u0131m ama\u00e7l\u0131 para istedikleri, katlan\u0131n paras\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine, \u00f6nce i\u00e7mek i\u00e7in su istedikleri, sonra da odadan kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011funun a\u011flama sesini duyup, \u00e7ocu\u011funda nazar oldu\u011funu, dua okurlarsa ge\u00e7ece\u011fini, kendilerinin A. ilinde bulunan \u015feyhin dergah\u0131ndan geldiklerini s\u00f6yledikleri ve bebe\u011fin yan\u0131na gidip dua okur gibi yapt\u0131klar\u0131, evde alt\u0131n cinsinden ne varsa getirmesini, ne kadar \u00e7ok olursa o kadar daha fazla etkisi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kat\u0131lana s\u00f6ylemeleri \u00fczerine, kat\u0131lan\u0131n da evdeki alt\u0131nlar\u0131 getirdi\u011fini, alt\u0131nlar\u0131 okuyup suya koyduklar\u0131 ve daha sonra bir beze san\u0131p minderin aras\u0131na yerle\u015ftirdikleri, san\u0131k ve yan\u0131ndaki bayan\u0131n kat\u0131landan kendilerini soka\u011f\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesini istemeleri \u00fczerine kat\u0131lan\u0131n bu \u015fah\u0131slara refakat etti\u011fi, tekrar eve d\u00f6n\u00fcp bez par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda koydu\u011fu alt\u0131nlar\u0131n yerinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u015fikayeti \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan incelemede, su barda\u011f\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n parmak izine rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kat\u0131lan\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fhis etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n din\u00ee inan\u00e7 ve duygular\u0131n istismar edilmesi suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fine dair kabulde isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 26\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/20645 Esas, 2014\/12939 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Hastalar\u0131 muska yazarak, Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim okuyarak iyile\u015ftirme bahanesiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etme<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, daha \u00f6nceleri \u00e7aresizlik i\u00e7inde bulunan hastalar\u0131 Kuran okuyarak ve muska yazarak iyile\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u015feklinde bir s\u00f6ylenti yayarak bu konuda kendisine kartvizit bast\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu durumdan bu \u015fekilde haberdar olan m\u00fc\u015ftekinin de o\u011flu \u0130rfan’\u0131n hasta olmas\u0131 nedeniyle tedavisini yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in san\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde; \u00e7ocukta cin oldu\u011funu ve ailece okunmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek m\u00fc\u015ftekiye 5-6 kez gelinmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine o\u011flunu g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bu seanslarda \u00e7ocu\u011fun okunup \u00fcflendi\u011fi ve her bir seansta 100 TL olmak \u00fczere m\u00fc\u015ftekiden toplam 600 TL para ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eyleminin doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa ili\u015fkin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 18\/02\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/9490 Esas, 2014\/2860 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kendisini H\u0131z\u0131r olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesi<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \u0130stanbul’a tedavi i\u00e7in gelen ve ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7antas\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131yan kat\u0131lan A. ile e\u015fi kat\u0131lan M\/nin hastaneden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra, A. t\u00fcrbesini ziyarete gittiklerinde onlara gizemli \u015fekilde yakla\u015fan ve bereket duas\u0131 uzatan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n belli bir diyalog ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturduktan sonra dini i\u00e7erikli, aldat\u0131c\u0131 muhtelif s\u00f6zler sarf edip, davran\u0131\u015flar sergileyerek, kendisini “…insanlar\u0131 maddi fedak\u00e2rl\u0131klarda bulunmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131nayan H\u0131z\u0131r…” olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p, bu intibay\u0131 vererek H\u0131z\u0131r A.S. Peygamberin halk aras\u0131ndaki rivayetlerinden haberdar olan ve bunlara inanan \u015fikayet\u00e7ilerden ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131 eyleminin “nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu” olu\u015fturdu\u011funu takdir eden mahkemenin kabul ve uygulamas\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 12\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/18344 Esas, 2014\/11822 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, yard\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi kand\u0131rma eyleminde, TCK 158\/1-a unsurlar\u0131 yoktur.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde hareket eden<\/strong><\/span> \u015f\u00fcphelilerin, kabir ziyaretinde bulunan ma\u011fdure ile\u00a0diyalo\u011fa girdiklerinde ona “…Hollanda’ya acele d\u00f6neceklerini, ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmak \u00fczere hay\u0131rda bulunma niyetiyle para vereceklerini, ancak kendilerinde 1.000 Avro bulundu\u011funu, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 2.100 TL’ye tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fini, 1.100 TL verilmesi halinde, kalan miktar\u0131n kendisinde kalabilece\u011fini…” s\u00f6yleyip inan\u00e7 sa\u011flad\u0131ktan sonra Euro diye T,C, Merkez Bankas\u0131nca d\u00f6viz ve efektif olarak al\u0131\u015f-sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmayan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck de\u011ferli 1,000 Peru Yeni Solu’nu verip ma\u011fdureden 1.100 TL alarak haks\u0131z yarar sa\u011flamalar\u0131 eylemlerinin ‘ nitelikli” de\u011fil “basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funu takdir eden mahkemenin kabul ve uygulamalar\u0131nda bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 03\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/14861 Esas, 2014\/6330 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    KI\u015eININ \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDE BULUNDU\u011eU TEHL\u0130KEL\u0130 DURUM VEYA ZOR \u015eARTLARDAN YARARLANMAK SURET\u0130YLE DOLANDIRICILIK (TCK 158\/1-b)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Madde Metni<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun; Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle islenmesi h\u00e2linde, iki y\u0131ldan \u00a0yedi y\u0131la\u00a0kadar hapis ve be\u015fbin g\u00fcne kadar adli para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmolunur.<\/p>\n

    Madde Gerek\u00e7esi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

    Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na g\u00fcven duymaya en fazla ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu anlard\u0131r.<\/strong> Ki\u015finin \u00f6rne\u011fin do\u011fal bir afete veya trafik kazas\u0131na maruz kalmas\u0131ndan ya da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7aresizlikten yararlan\u0131larak aldat\u0131lmas\u0131 daha kolayd\u0131r.<\/em> Bu nedenle, birinci f\u0131kran\u0131n (b) bendinde, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle i\u015flenmesi, bu su\u00e7un temel \u015fekline g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131r ceza ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    \u00a0Uygulamal\u0131 \u00d6rnekler ve A\u00e7\u0131klamalar<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun, ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle i\u015flenmesi TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b bendinde, bu su\u00e7un temel \u015fekline g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131r ceza ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde\u00a0bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na g\u00fcven duymaya, s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmaya en fazla ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu anlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Ki\u015finin, do\u011fal bir afete veya trafik kazas\u0131na maruz kalmas\u0131ndan ya da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7aresizlikten yararlan\u0131larak aldat\u0131lmas\u0131 daha kolayd\u0131r. Zor ve tehlikeli durumda oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek menfaat sa\u011flanmas\u0131, ac\u0131ma ve yard\u0131m duygular\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesindeki kolayl\u0131k nedeniyle bu h\u00e2l a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 neden say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    Bir yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n hastanede, karakolda, cezaevinde, vb. zor veya tehlikeli bir durumda oldu\u011fundan bahisle, ona g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmek \u00fczere para ve e\u015fya olarak ma\u011fduru doland\u0131ran kimse, onun, merhamet, ac\u0131ma, yard\u0131ma ko\u015fma, korku ve tela\u015fa kap\u0131lma duygular\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay 15. Ceza Dairesine g\u00f6re<\/span>, tehlikeli durumun ger\u00e7ekte var olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde ma\u011fdurun buna inand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nitelikli halin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterlidir.<\/strong> Yalanda olsa ma\u011fdur ger\u00e7ekte d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olabilece\u011fi tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015fmekte ve o durumun gerektirdi\u011fi ruhsal ve psikolojik tepkilerle hareket etmektedir, diyerek bu eylemleri de TCK 158\/1-b maddesi kapsam\u0131 i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirse de, kanaatimizce bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f yerinde de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Kanun’da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bir \u015fekilde, ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu demek suretiyle, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bundan yararlanmas\u0131n\u0131 su\u00e7 olarak d\u00fczenlemektedir. Sanal bir tehlike yaratma ise, basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n unsuru olan hiledir. San\u0131k, nas\u0131l ki, bir paran\u0131n de\u011ferli oldu\u011funa m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi inand\u0131r\u0131yor ise, burada da m\u00fc\u015ftekinin tehlikede oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi inand\u0131r\u0131p haks\u0131z menfaat temin ediyor.<\/p>\n

    Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu her tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fart, bu maddenin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir. Bu zor \u015fart\u0131n ya da tehlikeli durumun, katlanamaz olmas\u0131 ve ki\u015fiyi \u00e7aresiz b\u0131rakacak seviyede olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/strong> Tehlike, ifade olarak, \u015fu anki durumu de\u011fil gelecekteki olumsuzlu\u011fu ifade eder, ama bu tehlikenin m\u00fc\u015fteki taraf\u0131ndan bilinmesi gerekir, bu nedenle sanal tehlike, bu su\u00e7un olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir. Bu tehlike zaten var olan bir tehlike olacak ve san\u0131k bundan yararlanacakt\u0131, \u00f6rne\u011fin; bir selin gelece\u011fi haberi \u00fczerine, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdura yard\u0131m etme bahanesiyle e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 alarak uzakla\u015fmas\u0131 eyleminde su\u00e7un nitelikli hali olu\u015facakt\u0131r, ama san\u0131k birka\u00e7 dakika sonra sel gelece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek ma\u011fduru kand\u0131r\u0131rsa, nitelikli hal olu\u015fmaz, zaten TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesinin nitelikli olarak d\u00fczenlenmesinin sebebi, \u00e7aresiz olan insanlar\u0131n ma\u011fduriyetinin daha fazla olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u00d6rne\u011fin, trafik kazas\u0131nda yaralanan ki\u015finin yanma gelip kendisini doktor olarak tan\u0131tmas\u0131<\/strong>, hastanede yo\u011fun bak\u0131mdayken doktor olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p paras\u0131n\u0131 alma eylemlerinde nitelikli hal vard\u0131r, fakat, hastanede film \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in s\u0131ra bekleyen m\u00fc\u015ftekiye kendisini hastane g\u00f6revlisi olarak tam* t\u0131p filmlerini \u00e7ekme bahanesiyle paras\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131rsa, burada \u00e7aresiz bir durumu sergileyen zor bir durum olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in nitelikli hal olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    Zor durum, ki\u015fiye ve o anki ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilecektir, \u00f6rne\u011fin y\u00fczme bilmeyen bir ki\u015fiyi kurtarma bahanesiyle haks\u0131z, menfaat temin etmede nitelikli hal varken, y\u00fczme bilen bir ki\u015fiye hileli hareketler yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda nitelikli hal olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Deprem felaketi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, kendisini polis olarak tan\u0131tan ki\u015finin m\u00fc\u015ftekinin paras\u0131n\u0131 almada nitelikli hal bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Uygulamada, genel olarak bu maddeyle ilgili \u015fu \u00f6rneklere rastlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n

    -Hastanede ameliyat olan ki\u015finin yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan, gerekmedi\u011fi halde para istenmesi,<\/strong><\/p>\n

    -Acil yatan hastadan t\u0131bbi malzeme laz\u0131m diyerek para istenmesi,<\/strong><\/p>\n

    -Kaza yapan ki\u015filerin i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri zor durumdan yararlanarak para istenmesi gibi.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    San\u0131k hakk\u0131nda icra takibi oldu\u011funu bilerek veya icra takibi olmasa bile ma\u011fdurun bor\u00e7 alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu bilerek ve bunu f\u0131rsat olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcp ma\u011fduru doland\u0131rma eyleminde, bu nitelikli hal olu\u015fmaz. Zor durumda olma durumu, burada oldu\u011fu gibi her somut olayda ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilecektir.<\/p>\n

    Ma\u011fdur, deprem alt\u0131nda kalan yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ararken, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendisini g\u00f6revli olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesinde su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kendisinin zor durumda oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesi veya bir tehlike i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011funu ma\u011fdura s\u00f6ylemesi sonucunda, ma\u011fdurdan haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesinde de bu nitelikli hal olu\u015fmaz.<\/p>\n

    San\u0131k, ma\u011fdura yalan s\u00f6yleyerek tehlikeli bir durum veya zor bir ko\u015ful bulundu\u011funu ifade eder ve bu \u015fekilde haks\u0131z menfaat temin ederse nitelikli hal olu\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Ma\u011fdurun, hastanede bir yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 ve san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan ona yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131m s\u00f6ylenerek haks\u0131z menfaat temin edilmesi eyleminde, tek ba\u015f\u0131na bu nitelikli hal olu\u015fmayacakt\u0131r. Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanarak su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesi nedeniyle, bu durum nitelikli bir hal olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    765 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 504\/5. maddesinde, ki\u015fiyi i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan kurtarmak bahanesiyle su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesi\u00a0aran\u0131rken, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’da ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131 yeterli say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi, A\u011f\u0131r Ceza mahkemesinin g\u00f6rev alan\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle Asliye ceza Mahkemesi, bu su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekti\u011fi durumlarda mutlak anlamda g\u00f6revsizlik karan verecektir, aksi takdirde Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan, sair y\u00f6nleri incelenmeksizin g\u00f6rev bozmas\u0131 yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    TCK’ n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi ile ilgili soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturmada dikkat edilecek hususlara bak\u0131lacak olursa, \u00f6ncelikle soru\u015fturma s\u0131ras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015ftekinin ifadesi al\u0131n\u0131rken su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ihtiva edecek \u015fekilde ifade al\u0131nmal\u0131, olaya ili\u015fkin tan\u0131klar\u0131 ve delilleri sorulmal\u0131, failin ne \u015fekilde hile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi, failin ne kadar haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011fi, bu menfaatin pe\u015fin olarak m\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya da pe\u015fin olarak alman paran\u0131n taksitler halinde mi al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya failin peyder pey de\u011fi\u015fik tarihlerde haks\u0131z menfaat temin edip etmedi\u011fi hususlar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sorulmal\u0131, varsa tan\u0131klar dinlenmeli, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin iddialar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sorulmal\u0131, olayda tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, olayla ilgili bilimsel delil niteli\u011finde kabul edilecek parmak izi, g\u00fcvenlik kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 elde edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

    M\u00fc\u015fteki ile failin y\u00fczle\u015ftirilerek doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yapan ki\u015finin fail olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kesin olarak belirlemesi, bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 taktirde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n te\u015fhise elveri\u015fli olan ve b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00f6nlerden \u00e7ekilmi\u015f yeni foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131n temin edilerek kesin te\u015fhisinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131ndan sonra toplanan t\u00fcm delillerin birlikte de\u011ferlendirilerek sonucuna g\u00f6re san\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki durumunun takdir ve tayin edilmesi gerekmektedir. Failin nezarethane defterinde kay\u0131tl\u0131 bulunan foto\u011fraflar\u0131 ile yap\u0131lacak te\u015fhis, usul\u00fcne uygun bir te\u015fhis olarak kabul edilmeyecektir. Ayr\u0131ca, failin, birden fazla ki\u015fi ara\u015ft\u0131rma konulmas\u0131 suretiyle te\u015fhis yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 daha uygun olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    M\u00fc\u015ftekiye, her a\u015famada zarar\u0131n giderilip giderilmedi\u011fi, giderilmi\u015f ise, hangi tarihte kim taraf\u0131ndan giderildi\u011fi, k\u0131smi giderme s\u00f6z konusu ise TCK’n\u0131n 168\/4. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda buna muvafakatinin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususu sorulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Failin ifadesi al\u0131n\u0131rken, m\u00fc\u015fteki ifadesindeki hususlar sorulmal\u0131, su\u00e7un unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n tespitine ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ifade al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesinin yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, maddenin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re; iki y\u0131ldan yedi y\u0131la kadar hapis cezas\u0131 ve be\u015fbin\u00a0g\u00fcne kadar adli para cezas\u0131 verilecektir. Burada dikkate edilmesi gereken husus, ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7e ile hapis cezas\u0131 alttan, g\u00fcn para cezas\u0131 alt hadden uzakla\u015f\u0131larak verilemeyecektir, ama gerek\u00e7esi g\u00f6sterilerek hapis cezas\u0131 alttan, adli para cezas\u0131 alt hadden uzakla\u015f\u0131larak verilecektir. Yarg\u0131tay 15. Ceza Dairesi, hapis cezas\u0131 alt s\u0131n\u0131rdan tayin edildi\u011fi halde adli para cezas\u0131 belirlenirken yeterli ve yasal gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilmeksizin, ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7eyle tam g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n asgari hadden uzakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle belirlenerek fazla ceza tayin edilmesini bozma nedeni olarak kabul etmektedir. Hapis ve adli para cezas\u0131 alt hadden verilecekse, 2 y\u0131l hapis ve 5 g\u00fcn adli para cezas\u0131 \u015feklinde temel ceza belirlenmelidir.<\/p>\n

    \u0130lgili Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    -Su\u00e7un niteli\u011fi belirlenirken, sadece san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aldat\u0131c\u0131 hareketlerinin niteli\u011fini dikkate al\u0131n\u0131p, ma\u011fdurun durumunun dikkate al\u0131nmayarak, su\u00e7a nitelik verilmesi isabetsizdir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilen olayda, Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulunca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gereken uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sabit olan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k eyleminin, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 157. maddesine mi, yoksa 158\/1-b maddesine mi uydu\u011funun belirlenmesine ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n

    Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na g\u00fcven duymaya en fazla ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu anlard\u0131r<\/strong><\/em>. Ki\u015finin \u00f6rne\u011fin do\u011fal bir afete veya trafik kazas\u0131na maruz kalmas\u0131ndan ya da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7aresizlikten yararlan\u0131larak aldat\u0131lmas\u0131 daha kolayd\u0131r. Bu nedenle, birinci f\u0131kran\u0131n (b) bendinde, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle i\u015flenmesi, bu su\u00e7un temel \u015fekline g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131r ceza ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren bir durum olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir” a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, 158. maddenin gerek (a) gerekse (b) bendinin uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in, ma\u011fdurun i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumun dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Nitekim \u00f6\u011freti de, ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ortaya koymu\u015flar, ma\u011fdurun i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumun de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

    Somut olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n … tarihinde, hastanede bulunan bir yak\u0131n\u0131na kan gerekti\u011finden s\u00f6z ederek<\/strong><\/em> ikna etti\u011fi yak\u0131nan\u0131, … Hastanesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek burada, kan vermek i\u00e7in gelecek bir ba\u015fka ki\u015fiyi arayaca\u011f\u0131 bahanesiyle yak\u0131nana ait cep telefonunu al\u0131p, daha sonra kay\u0131plara kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131 ile sabittir. Sabit olan bu eylem nedeniyle yerel mahkemenin, su\u00e7 niteli\u011fini belirlerken, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aldat\u0131c\u0131 hareketlerinin niteli\u011fini dikkate al\u0131p, ma\u011fdurun durumunu dikkate almayarak, su\u00e7a nitelik vermesi isabetsizdir. Kald\u0131 ki, yerel mahkemenin kabul\u00fcne g\u00f6re, TCK’n\u0131n 158. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (b) bendine uygun gerek\u00e7e yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde uygulamada ayn\u0131 maddenin (a) bendinin g\u00f6sterilmesi ve 53. madde ile uygulama yap\u0131l\u0131rken, bu maddede\u00a0say\u0131lan haklardan yoksunlu\u011fa karar verilmesi yerine yasaklama karar\u0131 verilmesi de isabetsiz ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. San\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 157. maddesine uydu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden, ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 158. maddesi uyar\u0131nca cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmesi, isabetsizdir. (Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu’nun, 24\/11\/2009 Tarih ve 2009\/11-213 Esas, 2009\/276 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -M\u00fc\u015ftekinin \u00e7ocu\u011fu, e\u015fi veya annesinin acil durumda oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kendisini doktor olarak tan\u0131t\u0131p haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesi<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n olay tarihinde B. T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesinde kanser tedavisi g\u00f6ren m\u00fc\u015ftekinin o\u011flu \u0130.’nin E. iline sevk edilece\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenince babas\u0131 kat\u0131lan E\/yi arayarak kendisini doktor olarak tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131, ilik nakli olacak bunun i\u00e7in 2.300 TL laz\u0131m, dedi\u011fi kat\u0131lan\u0131n buna inanarak o\u011flu \u0130. ad\u0131na 2.300. TL PTT yoluyla g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu defa \u0130\/den kimli\u011fini ve ye\u015fil kart\u0131n\u0131 alarak paray\u0131 PTT’den \u00e7ekmesi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi iddia olunan olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa dair mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve olu\u015fa g\u00f6re, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdur \u0130. ad\u0131na babas\u0131 kat\u0131lan taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen su\u00e7a konu paray\u0131, \u0130.’nin n\u00fcfus c\u00fczdan\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak PTT den \u00e7ekmesi eyleminde n\u00fcfus idaresinin maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan n\u00fcfus c\u00fczdan\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmakla eylemin 158\/1 b-d maddesi yerine ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 158\/1-b maddesine uydu\u011funun kabul\u00fc ile h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131 ceza s\u00fcresi itibariyle sonuca etkili g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011finden bozma nedeni say\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/6589 Esas, 2014\/8104 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -…Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesinde Kalp Damar Cerrahi poliklini\u011finde tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan e\u015finin yan\u0131nda refakat\u00e7i olarak bulunan \u015fikayet\u00e7inin yan\u0131na gelerek hastanede g\u00f6revli personel oldu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131ran san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u015fikayet\u00e7iye, “e\u015fine kan laz\u0131m oldu\u011funu, bu nedenle kan vermesi gerekti\u011fini” dair yalan s\u00f6yleyerek, bu duruma inanan \u015fikayet\u00e7iyi, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs k\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n kesilece\u011fi bahanesiyle lavaboya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp, elbiselerini bu nedenle \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131ktan sonra pantolonunun cebinde bulunan paralar\u0131 almak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi iddia olunan olayda;<\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi kapsam\u0131nda “ki\u015finin i\u00e7erisinde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturabilece\u011fi ve bu su\u00e7a ili\u015fkin davaya bakma ve delilleri takdir etmenin \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesinin g\u00f6revine girece\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeden, g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi yerine, yarg\u0131lamaya devam edilerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 02\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/17779 Esas, 2014\/10867 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131klar\u0131n fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde hareket ederek, kat\u0131lan M.’yi telefonla aray\u0131p, M. C. \u00dcniversite Hastanesi’nde yatarak tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan torunu O.’nun rahats\u0131zland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesinden arad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, kanamas\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve acil ila\u00e7 kullanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek 700 TL’lik ilac\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 onaylay\u0131p onaylamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorduklar\u0131, kat\u0131lan\u0131n da torununun kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ne gerekiyorsa yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi, bir s\u00fcre sonra kat\u0131lan\u0131n evine giden san\u0131k Serkan’\u0131n 700 TL paray\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha sonra hastane yetkilileriyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen kat\u0131lan\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir olay\u0131n ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi ve bu \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledikleri iddia olunan somut olayda; TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesindeki nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun olu\u015ftu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda hataya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 03\/07\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/21145 Esas, 2014\/13354 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00f6nce 23.07.2009 tarihinde … T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesinde yatmakta olan ikiz \u00e7ocuklan i\u00e7in Kan Merkezine kan aramaya gelen m\u00fc\u015fteki A\/n\u0131n yan\u0131na yakla\u015farak kan bulunmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek \u00f6nce .. E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesinin Acil poliklini\u011finin \u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, sonrada cep telefonu ile bir yerle konu\u015fuyormu\u015f gibi yapt\u0131ktan sonra, kan i\u00e7in laz\u0131m diyerek m\u00fc\u015ftekiden 120 TL paray\u0131 al\u0131p kan getirece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyip yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir daha geri d\u00f6nmedi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonras\u0131nda ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde 13.08.2009 tarihinde … T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesi’nde yatmakta olan annesi i\u00e7in Kan Merkezine kan aramaya gelen m\u00fc\u015fteki F.I\/n\u0131n yan\u0131na yakla\u015farak “Bende kan ar\u0131yorum. Gel birlikte arayal\u0131m” dedi\u011fi ve sonrada cep telefonu ile bir yeri aray\u0131p konu\u015farak sanki kan ar\u0131yormu\u015f gibi yapt\u0131ktan sonra m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi … E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesinin acil poliklini\u011finin \u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, burada kan i\u00e7in laz\u0131m diyerek m\u00fc\u015ftekiden 180 TL paray\u0131 al\u0131p kan getirece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyip yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir daha geri d\u00f6nmedi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu \u015fekilde \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lan i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olaylarda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemlerinin; 5237 Say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delilleri takdir ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karan verilmesi gerekirken duru\u015fmaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 05\/05\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/16717 Esas, 2014\/8707 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u015eikayet\u00e7inin, … Devlet Hastanesi’nde yatalak hasta olarak tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan ve babas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda refakat\u00e7i olarak bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada, odaya gelerek kendisini hastanede g\u00f6revli doktor asistan\u0131 olarak tan\u0131tan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u015fikayet\u00e7iye, babas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka hastaneye nakil edilece\u011fini, bu nedenle ambulans\u0131n haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledikten sonra, bir tak\u0131m usuli i\u015flemlerin tamamlanmas\u0131 bahanesiyle ve hastane veznesine yat\u0131raca\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle bileziklerini almak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda, olu\u015fa, toplanan delillere ve somut olaya g\u00f6re; ma\u011fdurun tehlikeli durumda, zor \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda veya \u00e7aresizlik i\u00e7erisinde bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6steren somut bir belirlemenin yap\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu eyleminin, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi kapsam\u0131nda “ki\u015finin i\u00e7erisinde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi sabit g\u00f6r\u00fclen eyleminin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f ve bu nedenle tebli\u011fnamedeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye i\u015ftirak edilmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/32986 Esas, 2014\/8161 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Ma\u011fdurun, … \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Beyin Cerrahisi yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u00fcnitesinde tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan e\u015finin yan\u0131nda refakat\u00e7i olarak bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada san\u0131kla tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdura, hastas\u0131na bakmakta olan Dr. A.S.’yi tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in doktorla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015febilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, birlikte doktorun muayenehanesinin oldu\u011fu i\u015f han\u0131na gittikleri, burada san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ma\u011fduru d\u0131\u015far\u0131da bekletip doktorun poliklini\u011fine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir s\u00fcre sonra geri gelerek doktorun hastanede oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine tekrar\u00a0hastaneye d\u00f6nd\u00fckleri, doktorla odas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fece\u011fini belirtip a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kata indi\u011fi ve 10 dakika sonra d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde doktorun 750,00 TL para istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, ma\u011fdurun \u00fczerinde 250,00 TL bulundu\u011funu, 500,00 TL’yi de sonra verece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek san\u0131\u011fa 250,00 TL’yi verdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n paray\u0131 alarak ortadan kayboldu\u011fu iddias\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; eylemin 5237 Say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b ve 158\/2. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delillerin takdir ve de\u011ferlendirmesinin \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken, yarg\u0131lamaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 17\/04\/2013 Tarih ve 2011\/23981 Esas, 2013\/7075 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, hastanede yatan m\u00fc\u015ftekiye, filmleri kendisinin \u00e7ekebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek kand\u0131rmas\u0131 eyleminde, TCK 158\/1-b ko\u015fullan yoktur.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    San\u0131\u011f\u0131n olay tarihinde … G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs Hastanesinde yatan e\u015fine refakat\u00e7i olarak bulunan kat\u0131lan\u0131n yan\u0131na gelerek kendisinin hastanede g\u00f6revli oldu\u011funu ve ba\u015fka hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclerek hastan\u0131n filminin \u00e7ekilece\u011fini ve tahlil yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, vezneye para yat\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 taktirde bu i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 650. TL gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, yan\u0131nda 550. TL oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen kat\u0131lan A.’yi ikna ederek 550. TL ‘yi almak suretiyle ortadan kaybolmas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi iddia olunan olayda, TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesindeki nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdurun ‘i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli veya zor \u015fartlardan’ yarar elde etmesi gerekmekte olup olayda tedavisi hastane ortam\u0131nda devam eden hastan\u0131n ‘tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar’ kapsam\u0131nda bulundu\u011fundan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011finden tebli\u011fnamedeki bozma isteyen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye i\u015ftirak edilmemi\u015f olup, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa dair mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/18162 Esas, 2014\/8087 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n olay tarihinde … \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesinde yatarak tedavi g\u00f6ren hastas\u0131na refakat\u00e7i olarak bulunan kat\u0131lan S.’nin yan\u0131na gelerek kendisini hastane g\u00f6revlisi olarak tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131, kat\u0131lana hitaben, “baban\u0131n g\u00f6z damarlar\u0131 kopmu\u015f hemen amb\u00fclansla hastane d\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrece\u011fiz film \u00e7ektirece\u011fiz, bunun i\u00e7in 579 TL vereceksin dedi\u011fi” kat\u0131lan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6zleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda korkuya kap\u0131l\u0131p inanarak, yan\u0131mda 270 TL var deyince san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu paray\u0131 alarak, elindeki bir ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 verip “sen bunu hem\u015fireye imzalat” diyerek oradan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi iddia olunan olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi kapsam\u0131nda nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa dair mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde, bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/21535 Esas, 2014\/8110 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftekiyi telefonla arayarak, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin zor durumda oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde s\u00f6zler s\u00f6yleyip varsay\u0131msal bir senaryo yarat\u0131p ikna etmek suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesinde basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u olu\u015fur.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \u015eikayet\u00e7inin, … \u0130l\u00e7e Merkezinde VCD kiralama i\u015fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131k Y. ve beraat eden san\u0131k B.’nin de zaman zaman i\u015fyerine gelerek m\u00fc\u015fteri olduklar\u0131, 2006 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eubat ay\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcnlerinde san\u0131k Y.’nin \u015fikayet\u00e7iyi cep telefonu vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile arayarak, yan\u0131nda di\u011fer beraat eden san\u0131k B. oldu\u011fu halde ak\u015fam saatlerinde i\u015fyerine gelece\u011fini bildirip, geldi\u011finde ona hitaben “sen birilerinin can\u0131n\u0131 yakm\u0131\u015fs\u0131n, bu \u015fah\u0131s seni vurmam\u0131 s\u00f6yledi, biz seni tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in konu\u015fmak istedik, o ki\u015fi Manyasl\u0131, yan\u0131nda emanet bulunsun bo\u015f gezme” dedi\u011fi, \u015fikayet\u00e7inin de san\u0131\u011fa kimse ile anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, ancak ertesi g\u00fcn, ankes\u00f6rl\u00fc telefondan aranarak, isim verilmeksizin tehdit edildi\u011fi, bu tehdit \u00fczerine \u015fikayet\u00e7inin korkuya kap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra tekrar san\u0131k Y.D. ile telefonla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde san\u0131k Y.’nin \u015fikayet\u00e7iye tehdit eden ki\u015filer ile konu\u015ftu\u011funu ve daha fazla rahats\u0131z etmeyeceklerini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi ve \u015fikayet\u00e7iden kendisini s\u00f6zde korumas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 500 TL para ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 08\/07\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/21752 Esas, 2014\/13578 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u015eikayet\u00e7i S\/yi cep telefonundan arayan ve kendilerini komiser ve Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 olarak tan\u0131tan san\u0131klar\u0131n, \u015fikayet\u00e7iye banka hesab\u0131ndan PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne 13.000 TL para aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, telefonunun 6 ayd\u0131r dinlendi\u011fini, asayi\u015f polisinin kendisini takip etti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek i\u015f bankas\u0131na ait bankamati\u011fe y\u00f6nlendirdikleri ve verdikleri talimatlarla 2.600 TL g\u00f6ndermesini sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 ve bu \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledikleri iddia ve kabul olunan somut olayda; \u015fikayet\u00e7inin tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131ndan bahsedilemeyece\u011finden, eylemin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 18\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/10993 Esas, 2014\/12342 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Kat\u0131lan\u0131n, … Devlet Hastanesinde karaci\u011ferinden rahats\u0131z olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan e\u015finin yan\u0131nda refakat\u00e7i olarak bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada, servis odas\u0131na gelerek hastan\u0131n doktoru \u0130. Bey’in ismini kullanan ve kendisinin hastanede yetkili oldu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131ran san\u0131k E.G\/nin, \u015fikayet\u00e7iye, e\u015finin durumunun \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011funu, ba\u015fka bir hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclerek bir makineye ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu nedenle para haz\u0131rlamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirttikten sonra, bu duruma inanan \u015fikayet\u00e7iyi d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kararak merdivenlerden indikleri s\u0131rada da e\u015finin durumunun acil oldu\u011funa dair yalan s\u00f6yledikten sonra s\u00f6zde i\u015flemlerin tamamlanmas\u0131 bahanesiyle 415 TL paras\u0131n\u0131 almak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011finin, bu eylemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u0131rada di\u011fer san\u0131k M.S’nin, san\u0131k E.’nin s\u00f6z konusu eylemlerine yard\u0131m etti\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, sabit g\u00f6r\u00fclen eyleminin, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131\u00a0TCK’r\u0131\u0131n 158\/1.b maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen “ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli ve zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/28457 Esas, 2014\/8147 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n eylemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi tarihte, yaln\u0131z ya\u015fayan ya\u015f\u0131 ilerlemi\u015f katliam takip edip “Ben \u0130stanbul’dan geliyorum, torunlar\u0131n yolda trafik kazas\u0131 ge\u00e7irdiler, trafik polisleriyle kavga edip karakola al\u0131nd\u0131lar. Onlardan selam getirdim acele paraya ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 var senden al\u0131p onlara iletece\u011fim” diyerek 550,00 TL ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin; 5237 Say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delilleri takdir ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken duru\u015fmaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 19\/02\/20013 Tarih ve 2011\/18880 Esas, 2013\/2975 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    -TCK 158\/1-b maddesinde, ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu zor durumdan bahsedildi\u011finden, bu zor durumun, bir olumsuzluktan \u00f6teye, ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na \u00e7ok acil ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan bir zor durum olmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u00f6rne\u011fin, borcu olan bir ki\u015fi de bir zor durumdad\u0131r, ama bu zor durum, TCK 158\/1-b maddesi anlamda bir zor durum de\u011fildir.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Kat\u0131lan\u0131n babas\u0131 olan H.H.\u015e.’nin 24\/04\/2009 tarihinde vefat etti\u011fi, vefat\u0131ndan \u00f6nce yak\u0131n\u0131 olan san\u0131k S. taraf\u0131ndan kendisine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu ama\u00e7la ba\u015flayan bak\u0131m ili\u015fkisi nedeniyle taraflar\u0131n herhangi bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapmad\u0131klar\u0131, … Bankas\u0131 … \u015eubesinde hesab\u0131 bulunan H.H.\u015e.’nin zor ve hastal\u0131kl\u0131 halinden faydalanarak san\u0131klar\u0131n 06.04.2009 ve 17.04.2009 tarihlerinde banka \u015fubesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek hastane masraflar\u0131 i\u00e7in hesab\u0131ndan para \u00e7ektirdikleri, i\u015flemlerin banka g\u00f6revlileri huzurunda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, tedavi amac\u0131yla harcanaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenerek san\u0131k S.’nin ad\u0131na hesap a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p toplam 331.937.24 TL’nin yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, hastane kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan harcama d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerinde ise … Hastahanesine 7.000 TL,… Hastahanesine de 1.000 TL kadar para harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edildi\u011fi, san\u0131klar\u0131n zor durumda olan H.H.\u015e.’nin hastane masraflar\u0131nda harcanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek hesab\u0131nda bulunan t\u00fcm paray\u0131 san\u0131k Sebla’n\u0131n hesab\u0131na aktarmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015flediklerinin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131k S.’nin \u00f6lenin amcas\u0131 olup bak\u0131ma muhta\u00e7 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle y\u0131llard\u0131r bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kendisinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6lenin r\u0131zas\u0131 ile paralar\u0131n \u00e7ekilip hesab\u0131na aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, paran\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131m masraflar\u0131 i\u00e7in harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kalan\u0131n ise \u00f6len taraf\u0131ndan kendilerine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair savunmas\u0131 ile 06.04.2009 tarihinde yap\u0131lan bankadan para \u00e7ekme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6lenin alg\u0131lama yetene\u011finin yerinde olup 17.04.2009 tarihli i\u015flem hakk\u0131nda ise g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bildirilemeyece\u011fine dair Adli T\u0131p Raporu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda san\u0131klar\u0131n m\u00fcsnet su\u00e7tan mahkumiyetlerine yeter nitelikte, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015f\u00fcpheden uzak, kesin ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 delil bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 22\/01\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/27121 Esas, 2014\/886 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u015eikayet\u00e7inin, … Numune Hastanesinde Kalp Damar Cerrahi poliklini\u011finde tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan e\u015finin yan\u0131nda refakat\u00e7i olarak bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada, servis odas\u0131na gelerek kendisinin hastanede doktor oldu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131ran san\u0131k E.G.’nin, \u015fikayet\u00e7iye, e\u015finin ba\u015fka bir hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fini, bu nedenle hastanede kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, refakat\u00e7i imzas\u0131n\u0131n gerekti\u011fini belirttikten sonra, bu duruma inanan \u015fikayet\u00e7iyi \u00f6nce d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kartarak s\u00f6zde i\u015flemlerin tamamlanmas\u0131 bahanesiyle alt\u0131n bileziklerini almak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011fi ve bu eylemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u0131rada di\u011fer san\u0131k A.G.’nin da fikir ve eylem birli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde hareket ederek ve etraf\u0131 denetlemek suretiyle san\u0131k Erhan’\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu eylemlerine i\u015ftirak etti\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda san\u0131klar\u0131n, bu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri sabit g\u00f6r\u00fclen eylemlerinin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/1006 Esas, 2014\/8140 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Kat\u0131lan\u0131n, … \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesinde Kardiyoloji poliklini\u011finde tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan e\u015finin yan\u0131nda refakat\u00e7i olarak bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada, servis odas\u0131na gelerek kendisinin hastanede yetkili bir ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131ran san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kat\u0131lana, e\u015finin ba\u015fka bir hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fini, ambulans beklediklerini belirttikten sonra, bu duruma inanan kat\u0131landan, s\u00f6zde i\u015flemlerin tamamlanmas\u0131 bahanesiyle alt\u0131n k\u00fcpesi ile 150 TL paras\u0131n\u0131 almak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi sabit g\u00f6r\u00fclen eyleminin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik kabulde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/24662 Esas, 2014\/8159 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; kendisini \u00fcst tabakalarda tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n kat\u0131lan\u0131n hastanede tedavi g\u00f6ren karde\u015finin i\u015flemlerin h\u0131zlanaca\u011f\u0131, tedavisinin daha rahat etkin ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek kat\u0131landan 1450 YTL para almas\u0131 \u015feklinde olu\u015fan eylemde ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n TCK’n\u0131n 157. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik mahkeme kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 09\/09\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/11498 Esas, 2014\/14249 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin evine gelerek, o b\u00f6lgedeki \u00f6nemli bir ticari kurulu\u015fun sahibinin damad\u0131 oldu\u011funu, ad\u0131n\u0131n M. oldu\u011funu, e\u015finin hastanede ebe oldu\u011funu, fakirlere k\u00f6m\u00fcr yard\u0131m\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, m\u00fc\u015ftekinin de kay\u0131nvalidesini yan\u0131na alarak san\u0131kla birlikte, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6yledi\u011fi i\u015fyerine do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, i\u015fyerine girmeden \u00f6nce m\u00fc\u015ftekiye, \u00fczerinde alt\u0131n varsa, giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6tebilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine m\u00fc\u015ftekinin de elindeki alyans\u0131 verdi\u011fi, daha sonra san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in nakliye paras\u0131 istedi\u011fi\/ m\u00fc\u015ftekinin bunun i\u00e7in de 45 TL verdi\u011fi, daha sonra k\u00f6m\u00fcrleri al\u0131p gelece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesine ra\u011fmen ortadan kayboldu\u011fu, b\u00f6ylece hileli hareketlerle m\u00fc\u015fteki aleyhine haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmek suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun yasal unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak san\u0131k, m\u00fc\u015fteki ve tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 ile t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re, basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011fi sabit olmakla bu gerek\u00e7elere dayanan mahkemenin kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 23\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/20019 Esas, 2014\/12491 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n, … \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesinde \u00dcroloji Poliklini\u011finde tedavi g\u00f6rmekte olan akrabas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda refakat\u00e7i olarak bulundu\u011fu arada, servis odas\u0131na gelerek kendisinin hastanede yetkili bir ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu izlenimi uyand\u0131ran san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kat\u0131lana, hastan\u0131n taburcu edilece\u011fini ve baz\u0131 t\u0131bbi i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, bu duruma inanan kat\u0131landan, s\u00f6zde i\u015flemlerin tamamlanmas\u0131 bahanesiyle iki adet alt\u0131n bilezi\u011fini almak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etti\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda; Olu\u015fa, toplanan delillere ve somut olaya g\u00f6re; ma\u011fdurun tehlikeli durumda, zor \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda veya \u00e7aresizlik i\u00e7erisinde bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6steren somut bir belirlemenin yap\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu eyleminin, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi kapsam\u0131nda “ki\u015finin i\u00e7erisinde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131, eylemin ayn\u0131 Kanun’un 157\/1. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeden, su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmek suretiyle san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda, 158\/1-b maddesi uygulanarak fazla ceza tayini, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2014\/213 Esas, 2014\/8156 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; kat\u0131lana kendisini avukat olarak tan\u0131tan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bu \u015fekilde g\u00fcven uyand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kat\u0131lan\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olarak cezaevinde bulunan karde\u015fini tahliye edebilece\u011fini, ancak cezas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 3.000 TL paray\u0131 bankadaki hesab\u0131na g\u00f6ndermesini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, bunun \u00fczerine kat\u0131lan\u0131n 3.000 TL paray\u0131 san\u0131\u011f\u0131n … Bankas\u0131ndaki hesab\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi, 5-6 saat sonra san\u0131\u011f\u0131n tekrar arayarak i\u015flemin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 2.000 TL daha paraya ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine kat\u0131lan\u0131n 2.000 TL daha yat\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, gece 23.00’e kadar tahliyeyi sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesine ve havale edilen paray\u0131 ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn tahsil etmesine ra\u011fmen, tahliyeyi sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ve kat\u0131lan\u0131n zarar\u0131n\u0131 gidermedi\u011fi san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu \u015fekilde doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi olayda, san\u0131\u011fa at\u0131l\u0131 eylemin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 157\/1. maddesinde tarif edilen doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7undan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 03\/12\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/4123 Esas, 2014\/20245 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n olay tarihinde … \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Hastanesi nefroloji b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yatarak tedavi g\u00f6ren hastas\u0131na refakat\u00e7i olarak bulunan kat\u0131lan\u0131n yan\u0131na gelerek kendisini hastane g\u00f6revlisi olarak tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131, diyaliz i\u00e7in giden hastaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fu, eline bir serumu verip “bunu tut hastaya takaca\u011f\u0131z” dedi\u011fi, pe\u015finden 3 adet ka\u011f\u0131t verip “hem\u015fireye onaylat ayr\u0131ca vezneye 2.400 TL yatmas\u0131 gerekiyor” demesi \u00fczerine kat\u0131lan\u0131n “750 TL param var” dedi\u011fin san\u0131\u011f\u0131n “de\u011ferli e\u015fyalar\u0131 emanete al\u0131yoruz” s\u00f6z\u00fcne inanan kat\u0131lan\u0131n iki adet bilezik ve 750 TL paray\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011fi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi iddia olunan olayda, dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve olu\u015fa g\u00f6re, TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesindeki nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdurun ‘i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli veya zor \u015fartlardan’ yarar elde etmesi gerekmekte olup olayda tedavisi hastane ortam\u0131nda devam eden hastan\u0131n ‘tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar’ kapsam\u0131nda bulundu\u011fundan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi, kat\u0131lana hastane g\u00f6revlisi oldu\u011fu izlenimi vererek tedavi i\u00e7in para isteyip hile \u0130le ikna ederek alan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin TCK’n\u0131n 157\/1. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u vasf\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak kabul\u00fc ile TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi ile h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/19429 Esas, 2014\/8089 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; olay tarihinde … E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi beyin cerrahi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yatan hastas\u0131na refakat\u00e7i olarak bulunan kat\u0131lan S\/nin yan\u0131na gelen san\u0131klardan E\/nin kendisini doktor olarak tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131, A.’n\u0131n da yan\u0131nda durdu\u011fu, E\/nin kat\u0131lana babas\u0131n\u0131n acil olarak ba\u015fka hastaneye sevk edilip film \u00e7ekilmesi gerekti\u011fini bunun i\u00e7in vezneye 1.200 TL yat\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, E. ile kat\u0131lan\u0131n konu\u015ftu\u011fu s\u0131rada san\u0131k A.’n\u0131n hasta yak\u0131n\u0131 gibi davran\u0131p E\/ye hastas\u0131yla ilgili sorular sorarak E.’nin doktor oldu\u011funa katliam inand\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 kat\u0131lan “yan\u0131mda para yok temin etmem laz\u0131m” deyince E\/nin, de\u011ferli e\u015fyalarda emanet olarak al\u0131n\u0131yor dedi\u011fi, bunun \u00fczerine kat\u0131lan\u0131n bir adet bilezi\u011fi \u00e7\u0131kartarak san\u0131k E\/ye vermesi \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi iddia olunan olayda, dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve olu\u015fa g\u00f6re, TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesindeki nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdurun ‘i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli veya zor \u015fartlardan’ yarar elde etmesi gerekmekte olup olayda tedavisi hastane de ortam\u0131nda devam eden hastan\u0131n ‘tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar kapsam\u0131nda bulundu\u011fundan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi, kat\u0131lana hastane g\u00f6revli doktor oldu\u011fu izlenimi vererek tedavi i\u00e7in para isteyip hile ile ikna ederek alan san\u0131klar\u0131n eyleminin TCK’n\u0131n 157\/1 maddesi kapsam\u0131nda basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7u vasf\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak kabul\u00fc ile TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi ile h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/15552 Esas, 2014\/8100 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131k ile \u015fikayet\u00e7inin adam \u00f6ld\u00fcrme su\u00e7undan tutuklan\u0131p, birlikte yarg\u0131land\u0131klar\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat etmesine ra\u011fmen, \u015fikayet\u00e7inin mahk\u00fbm olmas\u0131 nedeni ile san\u0131\u011f\u0131n Ankara’da tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu, kendisine avukat tutup, beraat etmesini sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyip, \u015fikayet\u00e7inin yak\u0131nlar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla 8.000,00 Amerikan Dolar\u0131 ile 30.000,00 T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, buna kar\u015f\u0131n \u015fikayet\u00e7i hakk\u0131nda kurulan h\u00fckm\u00fcn kesinle\u015fti\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n avukat tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u015fikayet\u00e7inin paras\u0131n\u0131 da geri vermedi\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 157\/1. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun temel \u015feklini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden su\u00e7un hukuki vasf\u0131nda hataya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi uyar\u0131nca mahkumiyetine karar verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 20\/03\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/11437 Esas, 2014\/5286 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n olay tarihinde … Devlet Hastanesinde yatan hastas\u0131na refakat\u00e7i olarak bulunan kat\u0131lan\u0131 hastane odas\u0131 telefonundan arayarak “hastan\u0131z\u0131n tahlilleri iyi \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131 acilen ba\u015fka hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gerekli bunun i\u00e7in de vezneye \u00f6deme yap\u0131lacak vezneye gidin, M. isimli g\u00f6revli orada yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak” dedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan veznenin \u00f6n\u00fcne gitti\u011finde yan\u0131na gelen san\u0131\u011f\u0131n “ad\u0131m M. hasta haklar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum” diye s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan “param yok” dedi\u011finde; “para yoksa emanete de\u011ferli e\u015fya da al\u0131yoruz” deyince kat\u0131lan\u0131n 1.000 TL de\u011ferinde bilezi\u011fi \u00e7\u0131kartarak san\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ise kat\u0131lana baz\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131tlar vererek sen bunlar\u0131 hem\u015fireye imzalat diyerek oradan uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi iddia olunan olayda, dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve olu\u015fa g\u00f6re, TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesindeki nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdurun “i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli veya zor \u015fartlardan” yarar elde etmesi gerekmekte olup olayda tedavisi hastane ortam\u0131nda devam eden hastan\u0131n “tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlar” kapsam\u0131nda bulundu\u011fundan s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi, gibi TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-d maddesine g\u00f6re kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zira san\u0131\u011f\u0131n Devlet hastanesine ait herhangi bir k\u0131yafet, kimlik kart gibi unsurlar\u0131 olayda kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131,\u00a0hastane ortam\u0131 i\u00e7inde kat\u0131lana hastane g\u00f6revli oldu\u011fu izlenimi vererek tedavi i\u00e7in para isteyip hile ile ikna ederek alan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminin TCK’n\u0131n 157\/1. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k vasf\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak kabul\u00fc ile 158\/1-b-d maddeleri ile h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28\/04\/2014 Tarih ve 2013\/15240 Esas, 2014\/8090 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcrokratlara s\u00f6z ge\u00e7irebildi\u011fini ve … kurumunda i\u015fe yerle\u015ftirebilece\u011fi vaadiyle i\u015fsiz olan kat\u0131landan para istedi\u011fi, kat\u0131lan\u0131n da banka vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile istedi\u011fi paray\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n paray\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra daha \u00f6nce devaml\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kat\u0131lan\u0131n telefonlar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ortadan kayboldu\u011fu, sonras\u0131nda kat\u0131lan\u0131n san\u0131\u011f\u0131 buldu\u011fu ve san\u0131ktan verdi\u011fi paralara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k senet ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 senetleri icraya koydu\u011fu, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n icra takibine ra\u011fmen de kat\u0131lana olan borcunu \u00f6demedi\u011fi olayda, eylemin TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesinde tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli ve zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, zira i\u015fsiz olma durumunun tehlikeli ve zor \u015fartlar olarak kabul edilemeyece\u011fi bu itibarla eylemin basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak kabul\u00fcnde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 11\/02\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/8486 Esas, 2014\/2431 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -\u015eikayet\u00e7inin, … Hastanesi’nde doktor olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan san\u0131k ile m\u00fc\u015fterek tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 olan N.A.\u00d6. vas\u0131tas\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin t\u0131bbi belgelerini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n anjiyo yapt\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, ancak hastanelerinde anjiyo yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek \u015fikayet\u00e7iyi … Hastanesi’ne y\u00f6nlendirdi\u011fi, yap\u0131lan anjiyo sonucunda acilen ameliyat karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n da ameliyat\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in haz\u0131r bulundu\u011fu, ancak ameliyat ekibi aras\u0131nda yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir ara ameliyathaneden \u00e7\u0131karak \u015fikayet\u00e7inin eski e\u015fi olan S.\u015e\/den e\u015fine iyi bak\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek 2.000,00 TL para istedi\u011fi, tan\u0131k S.\u015e’nin yan\u0131nda bulunan di\u011fer tan\u0131klar Z.A. ve M.S.\u00d6.’den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 paralar ile birlikte yine tan\u0131klar\u0131n huzurunda paray\u0131 san\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011finin iddia edildi\u011fi somut olayda; ameliyat\u0131 yapan doktor \u00d6.K. ve ameliyat ekibinde yer alan di\u011fer tan\u0131klar\u0131n beyan\u0131na g\u00f6re ameliyat\u0131 yapacak ekip i\u00e7erisinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131, hastane ile bir ba\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde hastanede kendisine aitmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6stererek bo\u015f bir odada hasta yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p, tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re iyi bak\u0131m ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n zor durumundan istifade ederek haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, eyleminin TCK’n\u0131n 157\/1. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilmeden mahk\u00fbmiyeti yerine yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde beraatine karar verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 05\/06\/2014 Tarih ve 2012\/17886 Esas, 2014\/11318 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -Somut olayda; San\u0131\u011f\u0131n, arac\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nan \u015fikayet\u00e7i ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp arac\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7alan ki\u015filerden bulup getirebilece\u011fini kendisinin bu t\u00fcr \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, san\u0131k \u00d6\/n\u00fcn bir s\u00fcre sonra \u015fikayet\u00e7iye arac\u0131n\u0131 buldum 2.300 TL verirsen arac\u0131n\u0131 getiririm diyerek \u015fikayet\u00e7iden paray\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak arac\u0131 getirmeyip ortadan kayboldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesindeki nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdurun i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanarak haks\u0131z menfaat sa\u011flamas\u0131 gerekir, bu durum madde gerek\u00e7esinde de “ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya \u015fartlar, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na g\u00fcven duymaya en fazla ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu anlard\u0131r. Ki\u015finin \u00f6rne\u011fin do\u011fal afet veya trafik kazas\u0131na maruz kalmas\u0131nda ya da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7aresizlik\u00a0ten yararlan\u0131larak aldat\u0131lmas\u0131 daha kolayd\u0131r.” denilerek a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f olup, olayda ise arac\u0131 kay\u0131p olan \u015fikayet\u00e7inin yasa yollara m\u00fcracaat ederek sonu\u00e7 elde etme imkan\u0131 olmas\u0131, nedeniyle i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumun zor \u015fartlar veya tehlikeli durum say\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131, san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan arac\u0131n\u0131 bulurum ancak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda para al\u0131r\u0131m vaadine inanarak menfaat sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n, TCK 157 maddesi kapsam\u0131nda basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve buna g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeyerek, yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak kabul\u00fc ile TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi ile h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 09\/04\/20013 Tarih ve 2011\/22638 Esas, 2013\/6484 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -San\u0131\u011f\u0131n cezaevinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha \u00f6nceden tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan kat\u0131lana cezaevinde bulunan beraat eden san\u0131k M.A.’n\u0131n tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir avukat bulundu\u011funu bu avukata 2500 TL verdi\u011fi takdirde Ankara’da ki dosyas\u0131yla ilgilenebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek kat\u0131lan\u0131n beraat eden san\u0131k M.A. TL yat\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak paran\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 bu \u015fah\u0131stan almak suretiyle haks\u0131z menfaat temin etmekten ibaret eyleminin 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 157\/1. maddesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu halde yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi uyar\u0131nca mahkumiyetine karar verilmesi, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 17\/12\/2013 Tarih ve 2012\/116 Esas, 2013\/13452 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    -K. Ltd. \u015eti.’nin ortak ve y\u00f6neticisi olan kat\u0131lan F.’nin ba\u015fka bir soru\u015fturma nedeniyle cezaevine girmesinden sonra, kat\u0131lan\u0131n karde\u015fi olan san\u0131k B.’nin, \u015firket karar defterine kat\u0131lan\u0131n \u015firkete ait t\u00fcm yetkilerini kendisine devretti\u011fine dair 28.04.2006 tarihli karar alarak kat\u0131lan\u0131n yerine imza atmak suretiyle doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu i\u015fledi\u011fi iddia ve kabul olunmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, eylemin temas etti\u011fi, 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen “Ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanmak suretiyle nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k” su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin delilleri takdir ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst dereceli A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesine ait oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zetilerek g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekirken duru\u015fmaya devamla yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131. (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 28.05.2013 Tarih ve 2011\/65875 Esas, 2013\/9892 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesindeki nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unun olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ma\u011fdurun i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli veya zor \u015fartlardan yararlanarak haks\u0131z menfaat sa\u011flamas\u0131 gerekir, bu durum madde gerek\u00e7esinde de “ki\u015finin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu tehlikeli durum veya \u015fartlar, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na g\u00fcven duymaya en fazla ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu anlard\u0131r. Ki\u015finin \u00f6rne\u011fin do\u011fal afet veya trafik kazas\u0131na maruz kalmas\u0131nda ya da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7aresizlikten yararlan\u0131larak aldat\u0131lmas\u0131 daha kolayd\u0131r.” denilerek a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f olup, olayda ise arac\u0131 kay\u0131p olan kat\u0131lan\u0131n yasa yollara m\u00fcracaat ederek sonu\u00e7 elde etme imkan\u0131 olmas\u0131, nedeniyle i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumun zor \u015fartlar veya tehlikeli durum say\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131, san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan arac\u0131n\u0131 bulurum ancak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda para al\u0131r\u0131m vaadine inanarak menfaat sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n, basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve buna g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmeyerek, yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k olarak kabul\u00fc ile TCK’n\u0131n 158\/1-b maddesi ile h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131, (Yarg\u0131tay 15. CD, 25\/03\/2013 Tarih ve 2011\/21011 Esas, 2013\/5402 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar)<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n

    M\u00fc\u015ftekinin ikamet adresinin Karab\u00fck ili oldu\u011fu ve ikametin bulundu\u011fu yerden paran\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi, su\u00e7un i\u015flendi\u011fi yerin paran\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yer oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmakla, Yarg\u0131tay 5.CD nin yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7unda su\u00e7 yerinin menfaatin temin edildi\u011fi yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, su\u00e7un m\u00fc\u015fteki taraf\u0131ndan paran\u0131n havale edilmesi halinde kendi egemenli\u011finden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 nedeniyle olu\u015ftu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilerek su\u00e7 yerinin paran\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yer oldu\u011fu \u015feklindeki (Y.5.CD.17.09.2013 T.2013\/12106 E.2013\/8693 K.Y.5.CD.14.05.2015 T.2015\/5953 E.2015\/11630 K.Y.5.CD.2015\/7626 E.2015\/13508 K.Y.5.CD.27.04.2017 T.2017\/117 E.2017\/1683 K.) <\/em>ilamlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak dosyaya konu olayda paran\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yerin ve m\u00fc\u015ftekinin hakimiyetinden Karab\u00fck ilinden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 sebebiyle su\u00e7un da Karab\u00fck A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi yarg\u0131 alan\u0131nda i\u015flendi\u011finin kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn gerekti\u011fi,<\/strong> 7331 sy yasa ile eklenen CMK n\u0131n 12\/6 maddesi uyar\u0131nca se\u00e7imlik olarak ma\u011fdurun yerle\u015fim yeri itibariyle yetkili mahkemenin belirlenebilece\u011fi, buna g\u00f6re her iki y\u00f6nden de mahkememizin yetkili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 5271 sy CMK n\u0131n 12\/6 ve 18 maddeleri uyar\u0131nca m\u00fc\u015ftekinin yerle\u015fim yeri itibariyle mahkememizin yetkisizli\u011fine karar verilmi\u015ftir. \u0130ncelenen dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fine san\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7un (nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k) niteli\u011fine iddianamede olay\u0131n anlat\u0131l\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imine ve Bursa 13.A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi karar\u0131ndaki gerek\u00e7eye g\u00f6re, yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen Karab\u00fck A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesinin 18.12.2023 tarih ve 2023\/658E.2023\/538 K. say\u0131l\u0131 yetkisizlik karar\u0131n\u0131n oy birli\u011fi ile kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi (Y.5.CD.2024\/1629 E.2024\/2583 K.)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00a0Banka ve Di\u011fer Kredi Kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n Arac\u0131 K\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131\u00a0\u00a0Suretiyle Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k Uygulamal\u0131 \u00d6rnekler ve A\u00e7\u0131klamalar Banka ya da kredi kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilmesi\u00a0i\u00e7in, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k fiili ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirken bankalar\u0131n [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":131,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceza-hukuku","category-makaleler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1921"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5139,"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1921\/revisions\/5139"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tuncayilcim.av.tr\/v5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}